BMW: akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mbido nke ika. Obere ụgbọala na Motorcycles

German ụgbọala na-mara ha ọrụ na irè n'ụwa. The kasị mara ika nke BMW, nke na-amịpụta bụghị nanị na nkà na ụzụ, ma a n'ezie dara oké ọnụ ụgbọ ala. Ọ bụ nnọọ na-akpali ma na mgbagwoju akụkọ ihe mere eme, nke na-erukwa n'ihi na ihe karịrị otu oge nke a na narị afọ. Ọ bụla na-akwado nke ika ga-bara uru ga-esi mara ya. The ụzọ si ugbo elu engine n'ichepụta na mmepụta nke elu-tech supercars-enwe obi ụtọ.

Ntoputa nke ụlọ ọrụ

The ụlọ ọrụ BMW dị na Munich. Ebe a bụ n'isi ụlọ ọrụ, ebe e nwere ndị nnyocha na mmepe na-rụrụ. The akụkọ ihe mere eme na-ahụ malitere na obodo a. Na 1913 Karl Rapp na Gustav Otto meghere abụọ obere sịrị na ụlọ ahịa na ebe ugwu ná mpụga Munich. Ha na-pụrụ iche na-na mmepụta nke ugbo elu engines. A obere ụlọ ọrụ na-ọrịa na-ruru eru maka mpi na ahịa, otú ahụ ụlọ ọrụ ga-adịghị anya n'otu. The aha maka ọhụrụ mmepụta ada ka Bayerische Flugzeug-Werke, nke pụtara "Bavarian ugbo elu osisi". Nchoputa nke BMW - Gustav Otto - bụ nwa nke nchepụta nke esịtidem combustion engine, na Rapp ọkachamara ikpe, otú ahụ ka ụlọ ọrụ na-aga nke ọma.

na-agbanwe agbanwe echiche

Na September 1917, e chepụta site kpara-acha ọcha-na-acha anụnụ anụnụ emblem gburugburu udi, ọ ka na-eji site na BMW. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụgbọelu na-ezo aka n'oge gara aga: ọgụgụ na-anọchi anya ihe ụgbọelu propela, gosiri na ndabere nke eluigwe acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ke adianade do, na-acha ọcha na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-omenala agba nke Bavaria. Dị ka e kwuru na mbụ, otu ibido e kere n'ihi na mmepụta nke ugbo elu engines, ọ dịghị ọbụna n'oge a aha nke BMW. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ika arahụ ndị ọzọ ụzọ mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ. Dị ka ndị Treaty nke Versailles, Germany ike itinye aka na mmepụta nke ugbo elu, na founders nwere restructure mmepụta. Mgbe ahụ ika wee a aha ọhụrụ. Kama nke ikuku na center e a okwu Motorische, nke akara mmalite nke mmepụta nke ọzọ ụdị ngwá. N'okpuru a aha, Fans mara ụlọ ọrụ na nke a ụbọchị.

Motorcycles ika

First, osisi bidoro ibipụta brek maka ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Mgbe na e nwere ndị BMW ọgba tum tum: nke mbụ anya nzukọ akara na 1923. ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu ndị na mbụ nnọọ ihe ịga nke ọma: onye nke ụdị na-akụ elu, ya mere ndammana, na e kere ọhụrụ captivated-ege ntị. MOTOBIKE 1923 na Paris, malitere ya kasị mma hour: BMW ọgba tum tum ahụ wee pụrụ ịdabere na ma na ngwa ngwa, ezigbo isonye na agbụrụ. Na 1928th na founders zụrụ nke mbụ ụgbọ ala factory na Thuringia na kpebiri amalite ọhụrụ mmepụta - ígwè mmepụta. Ma nke nke ọgba tum tum akwụsịghị, on Kama nke ahụ, ndị ọhụrụ ụdị ndị ka na-ewu ewu taa, dị nnọọ akpakanamde oru ihe ndị ọzọ oke na ya mere ndị ọzọ dị mkpa maka mmepe nke Group. O sina dị, Fans nke ika na-ahọrọ oké ịnyịnya a abụọ-wheeled ịnyịnya ma na-ekiri ya n'ihi na ọgba tum tum na a ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ - eme bụghị ihe ọhụrụ.

midget Dixi

The mbụ ụgbọala BMW e mere ugbua na 1929. The ọhụrụ nlereanya bụ obere-Ndahie - ka mere na UK n'okpuru aha Austin 7. zitere, ndị a ụgbọala na-eji ịrịba ina ke otu onu nke Europe. Economic nsogbu emewo ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na obere ụgbọ ala bụ ezi uche kasị na oké ọnụ nhọrọ. The mbụ pụrụ iche nlereanya site BMW, n'ụzọ zuru ezu mepụtara Germany, e gosiri ọha na eze na April 1932. The ụgbọ ala 3/15 PS engine dị iche na iri-na-horsepower na gbapụrụ ọsọ ruo iri asatọ kilomita kwa awa. Ihe nlereanya ghọrọ a ịga nke ọma, na ọ bụ na anya na ihe BMW baajị na-anọchi impeccable àgwà. Ọnọdụ ga-anọgide na-agbanweghi agbanwe ofụri akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Bavarian ika.

Ntoputa nke kpọmkwem nkọwa

Na 1933 na BMW ụgbọala na-ama mara, ma ọ bụghị-aghọ mfe recognizable. Ịgbanwe ọnọdụ aka ịdị 303. Nke a ụgbọ ala na ike isii cylinder engine e complemented ndị e ji mara okpomọkụ ahụ grille, nke na-eme n'ọdịnihu ga-a typical imewe mmewere nke ika. The 1932nd ụwa mụtara nlereanya 328. The mbụ BMW ụgbọala nọ nkịtị, na a ígwè bụ a itunanya na ubi nke egwuregwu ụgbọala. Ọdịdị ahụ ya enyewo aka ichepụta echiche nke ika, ụbọchị na ugbu a. "The ụgbọ ala - akwọ ụgbọala N'ihi na ha tụnyere, isi German osompi - na "Mercedes-Benz" - kwesịrị ịbụ echiche nke "ụgbọ ala - maka njem." Oge a bụ isi ihe na-BMW. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ika wee malite na a ngwa ngwa ijeụkwụ, ndiwụt ịga nke ọma mgbe ihe ịga nke ọma.

N'oge Ụwa nke Abụọ

Model 328 meriri na agbụrụ dị iche iche na ụdị: Rally, okirikiri, mpi ịkpọlite ndị ugwu. Ultra-ìhè ụgbọala BMW ndị na-enwe mmeri Italian asọmpi na hapụrụ ndị ọzọ nile na ụdị na adị n'oge ahụ. All a emewo ka eziokwu na na mmalite nke abụọ World BMW bụ ndị kasị mma-mara na mepụtara ụlọ ọrụ na ụwa na a na-elekwasị anya na egwuregwu ụdị. Bavarian Motors factory set ndia. Motorcycles na ụgbọala BMW mepụtara-enwetụbeghị ụdị ọsọ n'ihu. Ma post-agha oge kere a nchegbu maka oké egwu ọnọdụ. Ọtụtụ mgbochi mmepụta nwere ọtụtụ ndị ghara ikwe ya ọnọdụ akụ na ụba. Karl Rapp ike malitere site ọkọ na malitere na-eme ka ígwè na ìhè ọgba tum tum, nke na-anakọtara fọrọ nke nta oge ochie ọnọdụ. Search n'ihi nke ọhụrụ ngwọta na usoro ghọrọ ndị mbụ post-agha nlereanya 501. Ọ bụ ihe ịga nke ọma, ma ụdi version na nọmba 502 bụ ihe ndị ọzọ technologically elu ekele na engine nke ihe aluminum alloy. Nke a ụgbọ ala na-eji ịrịba ina: ọ agile, capacious ezuru oge ya na-awa na ihe oké ọnụ price ka nkezi German asịwo.

New rịa n'elu

The 1955th na oru na mmepụta nke obere ụgbọala n'okpuru aha nke "Isetta". Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị daring kere nke ìgwè - a mix nke ọgba tum tum na ụgbọ ala na atọ wiil, na, na-emeghe ọnụ ụzọ. Na a ogbenye mba mgbe agha, ọnụ ụgbọ ala kere a ọgba aghara ahụ. Ma ngwa ngwa aku n'uba emewo ka a ina nnukwu ígwè ọrụ, na ụlọ ọrụ bụ egwu ọzọ. The ụlọ ọrụ "Mercedes-Benz" malitere ime atụmatụ maka zuo nke otu, ma nke a adịghị eme. Ugbua na 1956, na-abịa anya nzukọ akara sports nlereanya 507 kere mmebe Goertz. Market ọtụtụ nhazi nhọrọ e chọrọ: a hardtop na roadster format. The asatọ cylinder engine na ike nke otu narị na iri ise horsepower na-enye ohere ụgbọala mee ngwangwa na abụọ na narị abụọ na iri abụọ kilomita otu awa. Ihe ịga nke ọma ihe nlereanya laghachiri ụlọ ọrụ nke ọma, ọ ka na-ewere otu nke kasị mma na ndị kasị oké ọnụ Devid agụghị ndị gbara ụgbọala. The eme nke ụlọ ọrụ BMW, onye mere eme gụnyere ọtụtụ ihe isi ike ọzọ ọma gara n'ihu.

New na ụdị na-ụgbọala na klas

BMW ịrịba ama metụtara na ihe ịga nke ọma na-emeri. Mmalite nke sixties bụghị cloudless nchegbu. Nnukwu nsogbu mgbe odida nke a isi ụgbọ ala oru kwụsie ike dochie mgbe ọdịdị nke nlereanya 700, na oge mbụ na-eji ihe ikuku jụrụ usoro. Nke a igwe bụ ọzọ dị ukwuu ịga nke ọma na aka nchegbu akpatre merie a oge siri ike. The coupe version of ndị a ụgbọala nyeere BMW ika ma laghachi ihe ndia: sports mmeri ndị bụghị n'ebe dị anya. The 1962nd otu tọhapụrụ a nlereanya nke ọhụrụ na klas na-agwakọta a ikeegwuregwu na kọmpat nsụgharị. Nke a bụ nzọụkwụ n'elu nke zuru ụwa ọnụ akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ. Echiche 1500 e kuchiri na ndị dị otú a ina, na ike nanị adịghị ekwe ka oge na-anapụta ọhụrụ ụgbọala ahịa. a ọhụrụ na klas nke ọma emeela ka mmepe nke nlereanya nso: na 1962nd ẹkenam ụzọ abụọ version nke 1600. Ọ na-sochiri a ọma usoro na a turbocharger. Economic kwụsie ike kwere ka ndị nchegbu iji weghachi mbụ variants nke BMW. History nlereanya amalite na isii na-cylinder engines, na na 1968 ha mmepụta malitere ọzọ. Ọ e gosiri ọha na eze na 2500 na 2800 na ndị mbụ ika sedans na lineup. All a mere sixties ihe ịga nke ọma oge dum gara aga akụkọ ihe mere eme nke German ụlọ ọrụ, ma e nwere ọtụtụ nke ọma kwesịrị mmeri na n'ihu ibu.

Development na 70 na 80th

N'afọ nke Olympic Games na Munich, ya bụ 1972nd, ụlọ ọrụ mepụtara ọhụrụ BMW ụgbọala - maka-ise usoro. The echiche bụ amamihe: mbụ ika kacha mma checkered egwuregwu ụgbọala, ma ụzọ ọhụrụ kwere ka anyị ịga nke ọma na Sedan nke. Ụdị 520 na 520i na adade ke Frankfurt Motor Gosi. The ọhụrụ igwe atụmatụ ezigbo, elongated edoghi, nnukwu windo na ala ọdịda. Pụrụ iche n'ahụ imewe mepụtara France Paul Marriage. na deformation usoro na gbakọọ site na kọmputa technology na BMW nchegbu. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụdị na usoro isiokwu a nọgidere na-na ntọhapụ nke 525 - akpa nlereanya nke a ala Sedan na a isii cylinder engine, docile ma dị ike na-enwe 145 horsepower.

A ọhụrụ nke malitere na 1975. The mbụ BMW na kọmpat sedans na ikeegwuregwu style na-adade ke akara na ọnụ ọgụgụ atọ. Nkecha imewe na a pụrụ iche igwe okpomọkụ ahụ na-adịghị emebi kọmpat anya, ụgbọ ala anya nnọọ kpọrọ ihe. N'okpuru enyeghachi ya okpukpu anọ nke ọhụrụ ihe na-emi odude anọ na-cylinder engines nke ọhụrụ ụdị, na a afọ mgbe e mesịrị na-eduga ọkachamara na-akpọ nke a igwe na kasị mma n'ụwa. nnukwu coupe e okwu N'afọ 1976 na Geneva, na-arụ ọrụ na na ọzọ dọtara Marriage. Eri contours nke boneeti nyere ọhụrụ aha otutu "Shark".

Site n'oge eighties ígwè ngwá ọrụ nke Bavarian nchegbu gụnyere ọhụrụ traction akara na akpaka gearboxes na kwadoro oche. E a-asa usoro na isii na-cylinder engine na mmanụ ụgbọala ogwu ogbugba. More karịa iri asaa na ise puku ụdị ka e rere n'ime afọ abụọ. Emelitere atọ na ise usoro, na-atọhapụ ndị kasị ewu ewu nhọrọ ọhụrụ nhazi. High ike, magburu onwe aerodynamics, ọtọ ike na a oke nke engine nhọrọ na imewe nke ahụ ghọọ oké ụzọ ka mma ịga nke ọma ụdị.

Na 1985, na ìgwè tọhapụrụ a kọnvatịbụl. Nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ aghọwo a nkwusioru, nke na-enye ohere maka ala njem karịrị anya. Site na njedebe nke eighties nchegbu BMW, onye mere eme na-ama ama mara n'ụwa nile, malitere na mmepụta nke anọ ọhụrụ ụdị na petrol engines na electronic fuel injection na a dizel. The ndú ọhụrụ - a nwere nkà pụrụ iche mmebe na a nkà manager Klaus Ljuta - ike iji chebe a pụrụ iche anya na recognizable nkọwa ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ndị grille, ugbu a na ụdị ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, ya mgbe nile modernization na mejuputa kasị dị ugbu a na nkà na ụzụ ngwọta na ọtụtụ usoro na-adị na mmepụta a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Bavarian ike.

mmepụta ke N'ezie nke 90

Na 1990 ọzọ ụgbọala ọhụrụ si BMW ahụ. History nke atọ usoro gụnyere lee njem, ma ọhụrụ definition na-ezo na mbụ. Sara mbara ụgbọ ala na-azụ ahịa merie nghọta, na ime mgbanwe. Na 1992, ọha na eze e gosiri na ọtụtụ tinyere mma engine na isii cylinders. A ọnwa ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị bịara ọhụrụ kọnvatịbụl na ikeegwuregwu nlereanya m3. Ke n'etiti bụ iri afọ, onye ọ bụla pụtara ná edoghi nke ụgbọ ala ìgwè ahụ gbakwunyere na pụrụ iche na nkọwa. Comments banyere BMW ụgbọala na-eme ememe na ezigbo ngwá kwekọrọ ekwekọ na klas: na ụdị E gosiri ihu igwe na nrughari akara, na-onwem na onboard kọmputa na electrically ejikwara windo na enyo, ike n'iru , na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.

Na 1995, nke ise nlereanya ke nsonso ndidi ọkpụrụkpụ mgbanwe anya: e nwere ejima nnukwu ọkụ n'okpuru a uzo dome na ime aghọwo ọbụna ihe ọma na saa mbara. 5 Touring nlereanya e wepụtara na 1997 na e ji mara ndị multifunction n'iru wheel, ifịk ifịk oche, igodo na ike stabilization. N'afọ na-esonụ, na usoro e gbakwunyere site dizel variants na engines nke isii na asatọ cylinders, ke adianade do, ha nwere ike nye iwu si elongated ahu. Ke adianade do, Z3 nlereanya pụtara na ihuenyo na a nkiri "James Bond", na otu ihu ugboro ugboro na ina-uku mmepụta ike.

The mbụ BMW SUV

History of e kere eke nke ọtụtụ ụdị-aga n'ebe dị anya na n'oge gara aga ọtụtụ iri afọ. Naanị SUVs pụtara na edoghi nke nchegbu na nso nso - na uzo nke narị afọ iri. The mpụta mbụ nke egwuregwu ụgbọ ala maka n'èzí-eme, mbụ na akpakanamde akụkọ ihe mere eme, mere na 1999. Na n'otu oge ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ laghachi ọduọ, "Formula 1" na kwuru na ya ọtụtụ nhọrọ coupe na n'ụgbọala, nakwa dị ka ẹkenam ụgbọala ọhụrụ akụkụ nke "James Bond". The afọ ikpeazụ nke iri abụọ na narị afọ bụ n'ezie a ndekọ ahịa. Naanị otu onye na Russian ahịa e kwuru na-abawanye na ina iri-na-atọ percent.

Narị afọ iri ọhụrụ amalitela lewe ndị premiere kwalite nlereanya asaa usoro. 7 BMW meghere a ọhụrụ mmiri maka na ama Bavarian nchegbu na-ekwe ya ka na-ekwu na akpa ebe na klas "okomoko" nke. Ozugbo akporo nnọchiteanya limousines ya mmepe na-emegide ndị ụlọ ọrụ ọkwá ma duru ya gaa kasị njọ itie ke akụkọ ihe mere eme: ụlọ ọrụ bụ na verge nke n'ire. Ugbu a ụgbọala BMW, ma merie ya, fọdụrụ impeccable ndekọ ịgụ na ndị ọzọ nile na ebe na aka iso na-adịghị agwụ agwụ ọrụ na mma na modernization, nakwa dị ka mmepe nke nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ, keerughi ọzọ ụdị gburugburu ụwa.

Ụkpụrụ nke "Car - ọkwọ ụgbọala" bụ ukwuu n'ime ihe na-eduzi ndị na-emepụta na injinia nke Group, nke ana achi achi ewu ewu n'etiti ndị ahịa: a pụrụ iche na-akwọ ụgbọala nkasi obi di na price nke ọ bụla nke dị na ụdị na-emeri ihe na ọzọ ọkwọ ụgbọala. The mgbe ọdịdị nke ọhụrụ ngwaahịa nke ika na fim-enye gị ohere iji na-adọta uche nke ọbụna ndị na-ka na-adịghị ekele maka ihe ịtụnanya mma na ime mgbanwe iji kwekọọ ụwa ma ama German ụgbọ ala.