Bogolyubskaya akara ngosi nke Nne nke Chineke (foto). Gịnị ka anyị kwesịrị ikpe ekpere?

Mara ọtụtụ ndị Russia Bogolyubovo akara ngosi nke Nne nke Chineke a na-akpọ ikekwe kasị mkpa akara ngosi dị na Russian Church Heritage. Edere ya ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu puku afọ gara aga, ọtụtụ ihe mere na Russia jikọtara na ya, ọtụtụ ọrụ ebube na-ekwu na ọ bụ ọrụ ebube ya. Banyere mkpa ọ dị maka ndị Russia bụ site n'ọtụtụ ndepụta (mbipụta) site na mbido mbụ ahụ, na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị mmadụ na-achọsi ike maka akara ngosi a n'ekpere ọbụna taa. Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke akara ngosi ahụ, ọ dị mkpa nye ndị Kraịst - isiokwu a.

Akụkọ banyere ọdịdị nke akara ngosi ahụ

Dị ka akụkọ mgbe ochie, na 1157 Suzdal Grand Prince Andrey Yuryevich Dolgoruky nọ n'ụzọ na si Upper Town na Suzdal, na n'ụzọ ọ na-esonyere na akara ngosi nke anyị Lady nke Vladimir. Na June 18, 10 kilomita na Vladimir, ụgbọ ahụ kwụsịrị n'egbughị oge na, n'agbanyeghị mgbalị nke ịnyịnya, ha enweghị ike ịkwaga ya. The retinue nke onyeisi mebiri marquee na ebe a. N'oge ekpere ahụ, nne nke kachasị nsọ nke Chineke pụtara n'ihu onyeisi ahụ ma nye ya iwu ka ọ kwadoro ebe a ụka nke Bogolyubsky na mama nke Chineke, aha ya na nsọpụrụ Krismas, na akara Vladimir ka a ga-agafe na Vladimir.

Onye isi ahụ, nke sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ a, nyere ndị na-ese onyinyo ụlọikpe iwu ide foto nke Nwaanyị ahụ na osisi cypress n'ụdị nke ọ pụtara n'ihu ya n'oge ekpere. Ya mere, akara ngosi nke Bogolyubsky nke nne nke Chineke pụtara, nke foto nke dị n'okpuru ebe a. N'elu akara ngosi a, e dere Theotokos dị elu, na-ebuli aka n'ekpere na ihu chere Ọkpara ahụ ihu. N'aka aka nri ya bụ akwụkwọ mpịakọta na ekpere e dere na ya nye Onyenwe anyị. The oyiyi nke Virgin Mary e sere oyiyi na-eso Grand Duke na njem ya - Jizọs Kraịst, bụ Vladimir Icon nke Onyeisi Ndị Mmụọ Ozi Michael na Gabriel na Ioanna Predtechi.

Ememe nke Bogolyubsk Icon

Na mbụ, Bogolyubskaya akara ngosi nke Nne nke Chineke chọtara ebe ya na Bogolyubovo, na chọọchị nke onyeisi na-eme site na arịrịọ nke Virgin, tinyere akara Vladimir. A kwenyere na mgbe na-esote akara ngosi nke Vladimir, Bogolyubskaya weghaara ọrụ ebube ya, ghọọ onye na-asọpụrụghị.

Na kalenda nke Orthodox ememe kwuru banyere ihe karịrị 260 na-asọpụrụ oyiyi nke Nne nke Chineke, nwere ikike ọrụ ebube, ma n'ozuzu na e nwere karịa 860 iche iche iche iche nke ya. Maka ọtụtụ akara ngosi, a na-edozi ụbọchị ememe ha, maka ha ka ha na-ekpe ekpere ha, akathists na jupụtara ebe niile. Ihe obula nke Virgin nke di Ngo nwere uru nke ya: otu na-agwọta, onye ọzọ na-echebe, nke atọ na-enyere aka n'ihe omume ezinụlọ.

Nwere ụbọchị ofufe na Bogolyubskaya akara ngosi nke Nne nke Chineke. A na-eme ememme na June 18, Art. Style na June 1 - n'ụzọ ọhụrụ. N'ụbọchị nke a, a na-efekwa ihe oyiyi ndị ọzọ nke Bogolyubsk na-efe ofufe: Moscow, Zimarovskaya, Uglichskaya, Kozlovskaya, Yuryevskaya, Elatomskaya, Tula, Tarusa, Usmanskaya Bogolyubskaya akara ngosi nke Nne nke Chineke, bụ nke e depụtara foto ya n'isiokwu a.

Ebe nke akara ngosi ahụ

Dị ka anyị kwuworo n'elu, na mbụ, akara ngosi a dị na chọọchị nke Nativity nke Theotokos, nke onye isi obodo Dolgoruky wuru. Mgbe e mesịrị, ụlọ nsọ a wuru ebe obibi ndị mọnk Bogolyubsky, nke akara ngosi ahụ nọ ruo mgbe mmechi ya na mmalite nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ. Otú ọ dị, mgbe e mechiri ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ, e debere ya na chọọchị nke Joachim na Anna nke obodo Vladimir. Kemgbe 1946, a pụrụ ịhụ ihe oyiyi ahụ na ihe ngosi nka nke Vladimir. Na 1992 ọ nọ na-agafere Knyaginin Assumption Obibi, na na 2009 e zigara ya na update (mweghachi) na Vladimir-Suzdal Museum Bogolyubovo akara ngosi nke Nne nke Chineke, ebe ọ bụ taa.

Ụdị iconography

Iconography ke ecclesiastical uche na-ezo aka usoro usoro nke usoro na atụmatụ na ihe ngosi nke ụfọdụ ihe oyiyi ma ọ bụ ihe omume.

Na ngosipụta nke Virgin na e nwere ọtụtụ ndị a maara nke ọma iconographic ụdị:

• Oranta (oyiyi nke Virgin Mary na aka ya elu na aka ya na nwa na aka ya - na-anọchite anya ekpere ịrịọ arịrịọ).
• Eleusa (onyinyo nke nwa agbọghọ na nwa ya na aka ya, na-agbanye aka ya n'olu nke nne - na-anọchite anya ịhụnanya kasịnụ nke Chineke maka ndị mmadụ).
• Hodegetria (onyinyo nke Virgin na ocheeze ya na nwa ya na aka ya na-ejide akwụkwọ mpịakọta ahụ, ya n'aka aka nri ya na ntụziaka ya, na-anọchite anya ofufe nke nwa).
• Panahranata (onyinyo nke Virgin Mary na ocheeze ya na nwa ya n'aka aka ya n'aka ya - na-anọchite anya ịdị ukwuu nke Nwa agbọghọ ahụ)
• Agiosoritissa (onyinyo nke Nwanyị a gọziri agọzi na-enweghị nwa na-ekpe ekpere - gosipụtara ekpere maka ụmụ mmadụ).

Iconography nke onyinyo

Bogolyubskaya akara ngosi nke Nne nke Chineke na-ezo aka na nke ikpeazụ iconographic ụdị - Agiosoritissa, ma ọ nwere ọtụtụ iche site na ọdịnala depictions nke Virgin. Karịsịa, o nwere ihe dị iche iche nke Odigitria na Oranta. N'elu nzuko, nke di n'aka Nne nke Chineke, e dere ekpere, edegara ya Onyenwe anyi okwu maka ichebe agburu mmadu. Ọ maara na ndị ederede dere na nke a akwụkwọ, ịgbanwe oge ọ bụla mweghachi nke ihe oyiyi.

Bogolyubskaya nne nke Chineke yiri nnọọ ihe oyiyi nke Virgin, bụ nke e debere na mosaics na chọọchị Santa Maria, nke dị na Palermo. Uzo di otua ka apuru ichota ihe eji ekpuchi ya na fresco nke ebe obibi ndi ozo nke Mirozhsky di na Pskov, tinyere ihu nwanyi Meri di na "ihe ikpe ikpe ikpe" na "ikpe ahu". N'ihe banyere ihe ndị a, ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme kwubiri na onye edemede mbụ nke akara ngosi a bụ onye na-ese onyinyo nke Byzantine nke bịarutere n'ụlọikpe Prince Dolgoruky wee laghachi n'ala nna ya mgbe e mesịrị.

Ama akara ngosi

Okwu "ndepụta" ebe a nwere uru nke otu e dere edere site na mbụ.
A na-egosipụta akwa otuto nke akara ngosi site n'eziokwu ahụ na n'ime narị afọ iri gara aga, ndị Russia kere ọtụtụ n'ime ya, ebe ha natara ike ọrụ ebube ya. Ndị a ma ama na usoro isiokwu a bụ akara ngosi nke Moscow, Uglich na Zimarov nke Nne nke Chineke (Bogolyubskaya). Ihe oyiyi ndị a dị mkpa maka ndị Russia dị mma: ha na-ekpe ekpere n'ihu ha mgbe ha na-alụ agha, ọgba aghara nke ndị ala ọzọ, ọrịa ntiwapụ.

Moscow

Nkume Moscow na-egosipụta Virgin ahụ na akwụkwọ mpịakọta n'aka ya, na-ekpegara Ọkpara ya ekpere, na n'ihu ya, ikpere n'ala, guzo ndị nsọ. Ndepụta a ghọrọ ama maka eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ zọpụtara Muscovites site na ntiwapụ ọrịa nke ọrịa na 1771. Kemgbe mmalite nke narị afọ nke 20, akara ngosi Bogolyubsky nke mama nke Chineke na Moscow dị na chọọchị nke Pita na Pọl.

Zimarovskaya

Ihe ngosi Zimar na-anọchite anya Virgin nke A gọziri agọzi n'enweghị nwa, ogologo oge, na-eche Ọkpara ahụ, na-agọzi ya site n'eluigwe. Ihe ngosi a ma ama maka ike ya iji gwọọ ndi mmadu site na oria ojoo - oria ojoo, cholera. Ruo afọ 1925, a na-edebe akara ngosi ahụ n'obodo nta Zimarovo Ryazan, ma mgbe afọ 1925 gasịrị, ọ furu efu, ebe ọ bụ na mgbe ahụ, ọ bụ amaghị ya.

Uglich

Edere ya na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 17, na narị afọ abụọ ka e zigara akara ngosi ahụ na ntọala ọhụrụ. A ma ama akara ngosi maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa nke ndị Uglich bi na ọrịa na-efe efe n'etiti narị afọ nke 17. Taa, akara ngosi ahụ dị n'obodo Uglich, na chọọchị St. Dmitry.

Kedu ihe ha na-ekpe ekpere maka akara ngosi Bogolyubsky?

Theotokos na-eguzo n'ihu ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ ka ọ bụrụ onye na-etinye aka n'etiti ya na Onyenwe anyị. Ekpere nke Bogolyubsky Icon nke Nne nke Chineke na-enwekarị arịrịọ maka nzọpụta nke mmadụ site na ọrịa na ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha, ọgba aghara mba na nkwutọ megide ndị mmadụ, site n'ọkụ n'ọhịa na n'ọhịa, site na agụụ na ịda ogbenye, site na ntiwapụ ọrịa, site na idei mmiri, frosts na ụkọ mmiri, site na mwakpo Ndị omempụ si mba ndị ọzọ na esemokwu n'ezinụlọ. Na mgbakwunye, ndị njem na-arịọ maka akara ngosi nke ọganihu n'okporo ụzọ, nne na-arịọ maka ahụike ụmụ ha na mba ọzọ.

Ichekwa Ama n'Agba Anyị

Mweghachi ikpeazụ mere gosipụtara oyiyi mbụ nke akara ngosi Bogolyubsky, nke a na-eme na agba ndị mara mma. Ya mere, a na-eyi uwe nke Virgin Mary dị ka ụdị chiton na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ-agba chaa chaa na brik. Anya nke Nne nke Chineke bụ acha anụnụ anụnụ na anya ya dị iche iche. Otú ọ dị, n'ụdị a, akara ngosi ahụ bịara mara n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. Ruo ugbu a, a na-ezobe ihe oyiyi a nke mbụ a site n'ọtụtụ ihe osise na paraffin, bụ ndị ndị na-eweghachite ndị ọzọ.

Eziokwu ahụ bụ na nnukwu akara ngosi Russia nọ na mbibi e dere na 1915 site na ama Byzantinist N.P. Kondakov. N'ihi okwu ya, e gosipụtara ikpe ngosi nke akara ngosi na 1918. Otú ọ dị, n'afọ 1946, ọkachamara na mweghachi ahụ bụ F.A.Modorov mepụtara "ike" nke peel ahụ na paradaịs paraffin na nkà na ụzụ na-ezighị ezi, nke nwere mmetụta dị egwu na njedebe nke steeti ahụ. Ya mere, na 1956, e zigara akara ngosi na ihe ngosi nka ebe ndị ọkachamara kwubiri na nkedo na-ekpo ọkụ nke na-ekpo ọkụ emewo ka njikọ nke agba ahụ dịkwuo njọ. N'ihi ya, e kpebiri iwepụ paradaịs ahụ site na onyinyo ahụ. Ruo afọ iri abụọ, ndị na-eweghachi ihe ngosi ihe nkiri na-ehichapụ ihe oyiyi ahụ site na paraffin, ma ọnọdụ nke ịda mbà na agba nwere n'oge ahụ ghọọ ihe a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha.

Ọnọdụ nke akara ngosi ahụ na-aka njọ ọbụna karịa mgbe e debere ya na Katidral Ebube na Vladimir, na mmebi nke okpomọkụ na iru mmiri na-akpata site na ileghara ọrụ anya. N'afọ 2009, e zigara ihe ngosi ahụ na Vladimir-Suzdal Museum, bụ ebe a kwadoro akara ala ahụ dị ka ọdachi.

Taa, akara ngosi nke Bogolyubsky nke nne nke Chineke na-edebe ya na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe pụrụ iche ma ndị na-eweghachite adịghị ekwupụta na ha ga-eweta ya maka ihe ngosi na ọdịnihu.

Ụlọ nke Russia aha ya bụ Bogolyubsky akara ngosi

Na Russia, e wuru katidral atọ: Katidral nke Bogolyubsky Icon nke Nne nke Chineke na Bogolyubovo Suzdal district, Michurinsk Michurinsky district na Tver - n'ime ebe obibi ndị mọnk Vysokopetrovsky.

Na mgbakwunye na katidral, a na-ewu ụlọ 12 nke Bogolyubsk na mba ahụ - dịka ọmụmaatụ, na Dobrynino (district Sobinsky), na Pavlovsk (Yuryev-Pavlovsky district), na Shustino (Kolchuginsky district), na Boldino (district Petushinsky), na Ivanovo na Tarusa, na na. Teterinskoye (Nerekhtsky district), na Krasnoyarsk na obodo ndị ọzọ dị na Russia. Moscow banye n'Ụlọ Ekpere Bogoliubsk Nne nke Chineke bụ na Kalitnikovskaya na-eli ozu na Davydkovo na ajo ụlọ elu.

Na mgbakwunye na katidral, e guzobere chọọchị 69 na Russia na-asọpụrụ akara ngosi ahụ.

Ụlọ nke Moscow, na-egosi Bogolyubsk akara ngosi

Na Moscow, a na-efe Moscow Bogolyubsk akara ngosi nke nne nke Chineke, nke dị n'elu ọnụ ụzọ ámá obodo China. Ọnụ ụzọ ámá ndị a dị nso na chọọchị nke Pita na Pọl na ọnụ ụzọ Yauzsky na Kulishki, na Petropavlovskiy lane 4, ụlọ 6.
Edere akara ngosi Moscow na otu afọ na mbụ - na 1157. N'ụbọchị ememe, a na-ewepụ akara ngosi ahụ ụbọchị atọ site n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá ma jiri ya na-ekpe ekpere.