Bombu of Yugoslavia (1999): na-akpata, pụta

NATO ime ihe na Yugoslavia na 1999, bụ n'ihi ọtụtụ iri afọ nke agha obodo ke akwa Balkan Peninsula. Ozugbo ọ na-osụhọ a otu socialist ala, na mpaghara dara n'ihu na friji agbụrụ esemokwu. Otu n'ime ndị isi na isi mmalite nke erughị ala bụ Kosovo. Mpaghara a nọgidere n'okpuru akara nke Serbia, ọ dịrị ndụ ebe a na-akasị Albania.

prerequisites

Mutual iro abụọ ahụ nọ na e nọrọkwa ogbaaghara ma ogba aghara na ha gbara agbata obi Bosnia na Croatia, nakwa dị ka dị iche iche okpukpe. Serbia - Orthodox, Albania - Alakụba. Bombu of Yugoslavia malitere na 1999 ruru ka mkpocha agbụrụ, ndokwa site nzuzo ọrụ nke mba. Ha bụ ndị a nzaghachi okwu nke Albanian separatists, bụ onye chọrọ ka Kosovo onwe ha site na Belgrade na itinye ya Albania.

Nke a na ije e hiwere na 1996. The separatists kere Kosovo Ntọhapụ Army. Ya militants malitere haziri ahazi agha na Yugoslav uwe ojii na ndị ọzọ na-anọchite anya ndị gọọmenti etiti n'ógbè. The mba obodo kpaliri mgbe ndị agha omume ọgụ wakporo ọtụtụ Albanian obodo nta. Egbu ihe karịrị 80 ndị mmadụ.

Aghara nke Albania na Serbia

N'agbanyeghị na-adịghị mma na mba mmeghachi omume, Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic wee na-edu ya siri ike atumatu megide separatists. Na September 1998, a nakweere mkpebi na United Nations, nke a na-akpọ on niile ọzọ ndị agha ga-atọgbọ ha na ngwá agha. N'oge ahụ, NATO defiantly akwadebe bọmbụ Yugoslavia. N'okpuru ndị dị otú ahụ a abụọ pressurized Miloshevich gbaghachi azụ. The agha na-napụrụ udo na obodo nta. Ha laghachiri ha bases. Chie, na nkwekorita e banyere October 15, 1998

Otú ọ dị, ọ bịara doo anya na esemokwu bụ kwa miri emi na ike nke na ọ pụrụ ịkwụsị ihe ndịa na akwụkwọ. Truce oge nsogbu n'obi ma Albania na Yugoslavia. Na January 1999, e nwere a mgbuchapụ n'ime obodo nke Racak. Yugoslav uwe ojii gburu ihe karịrị mmadụ 40. Mgbe e mesịrị, ndị ọchịchị kwuru na ndị Albania na e gburu n'agha. Otu ụzọ ma ọ bụ ọzọ, ma ihe omume a bụ ndị ikpeazụ mere maka nkwadebe nke ọrụ, nke rụpụtara ke 1999 bọmbụ nke Yugoslavia a afọ.

Gịnị mere ka US ọchịchị na-ebute ndị a ọgụ? Chie, NATO abia na Yugoslavia ịmanye mba na-edu ndú ka a kwụsị punitive iwu megide Albania. Ma ga-ahụ kwuru mgbe anụ ụlọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị asịrị bilitere na United States, n'ihi na nke President Bill Clinton nke impeachment na egwu ịnọ n'ụkọ nke ụlọ ọrụ. N'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú, a "obere mmeri agha" ga-abụ onye zuru okè nghogbu ka ibugharịa echiche ọha na eze na mba ọzọ mba ọzọ nsogbu.

tupu a waa

The ikpeazụ okwu udo dara na March. Mgbe ha gwụchara, bombu of Yugoslavia na 1999 afọ. Na ndị a mkparita uka wee akụkụ, na Russia, onye na-edu ndú na-akwado Milosevic. Britain na US chọrọ a oru ngo maka ihe e kere eke nke a sara mbara obodo kwụụrụ na Kosovo. Na nke a, ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ọnọdụ nke Territory ga-kọwaa dị ka ihe na-ewu ewu votu a afọ ole na ole. Ọ na-e chere na ruo oge na Kosovo ga-NATO okwu udo no ike, na agha nke Yugoslav Interior Ministry na ndị agha hapụrụ region iji zere-enweghị isi erughị ala. Albania were nke a oru ngo.

Ọ bụ ohere ikpeazụ na bombu of Yugoslavia na 1999, ihe niile ahụ ga-eme eme. Otú ọ dị, ndị nnọchiteanya nke Belgrade na mkparita uka jụrụ ịnakwere ọnọdụ tinye n'ihu. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-adịghị amasị echiche nke ọdịdị nke NATO agha na Kosovo. N'otu oge, ndị Yugoslavs kwetara na ike nke oru ngo. The okwu mebiri. On March 23, NATO kpebiri na ọ bụ oge na-amalite bombu of Yugoslavia (1999). Ụbọchị nke ẹkụre ọrụ (ahuta na North Atlantic Treaty Òtù) gaje ime naanị mgbe Belgrade ga-anabata dum oru ngo.

The mkparita uka gbasochiri na United Nations. The Organization enyeghị-aga na-n'ihu maka bombu. Ọzọkwa, n'oge na mgbe mmalite nke arụmọrụ na Security Council were a votu na nke chọrọ ịmata US ocho okwu. Nke a mkpebi na-akwado naanị site Russia, North Korea na Namibia. Ma mgbe ahụ ma ugbu a enweghị UN ikike maka NATO bọmbụ nke Yugoslavia (1999), ndị nnyocha ụfọdụ na laymen a na-ewere na-egosi na US ọchịchị nnọọ imebi norms nke iwu mba.

NATO agha

Ufiop NATO bọmbụ nke Yugoslavia na 1999 bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke ndị agha na ime "Allied Force". N'okpuru airstrikes dara usoro nkịtị na ndị agha zaa, bụ ndị na Serbian ókèala. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ahụhụ residential ebe, gụnyere na isi obodo - Belgrade.

Ebe ọ bụ na bọmbụ nke Yugoslavia (1999), na-arụpụta nke foto nke na-agbasa n'ụwa nile, na-na-ejikọ ihe na ha, e wezụga United States, na-aga site na 13 ọzọ na-ekwu. E ji mee ihe ụfọdụ 1,200 ugbo elu. E wezụga ụgbọelu, NATO idem na naval agha - ụgbọelu na-ebu, agha submarines, mgbere, nāpunara, frigates na nnukwu amphibious ụgbọ mmiri. The ọrụ e gara site 60,000 NATO agha.

78 ụbọchị nke aka iso bọmbụ nke Yugoslavia (1999). Photos of tara nke Serbian obodo na n'ọtụtụ ebe replicated na pịa. Na ngụkọta na mba enwetela 35,000 sorties, NATO ugbo elu, na banyere 23 puku ụta na bọmbụ na ala-ya.

Malite nke ọrụ

March 24, 1999, NATO ụgbọelu malitere mbụ frasi nke bombu of Yugoslavia (1999). ọrụ ụbọchị e kwetara tupu allies. Ozugbo Milosevic ochichi ka jụrụ ịdọrọ ya agha si Kosovo, NATO ugbo elu na-etinye on anya. The mbụ igbu bụ a Yugoslav ntụ ozize usoro. N'ihi na ụbọchị atọ ọ kpamkpam kpọnwụrụ. Na nke a na enwetara Allied ugbo elu-adabere n'ihe ụfọdụ kara na ikuku. Serbian ụgbọ elu fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ịhapụ ha hangars, nanị ole na ole sorties e rụrụ maka oge nke ndị agha.

On 27 March malitere ya ọgụ na nkịtị na ndị agha na akụrụngwa, gụnyere ke isi bi ebe. Priština, Belgrade, Uzice, Kragujevac, Podgorica - ebe a bụ ndepụta nke obodo ndị na-emetụta ndị mbụ bọmbụ nke Yugoslavia. 1999 hụrụ ọzọ gburugburu nke na-awụfu ọbara na Balkans. Ná mmalite nke ọrụ, Russian President Boris Yeltsin na a ọha na nkwupụta ume Bill Clinton kwụsị mkpọsa a. Ma nnọọ ike na ha dịkọrọ ndụ na-echeta ọzọ merenụ. On ụbọchị ahụ mgbe ụgbọ elu malitere bombu Yugoslavia, na Russian praịm minista Yevgeny Primakov ama on ihe ukara gara United States. Mgbe na-amụta banyere ihe mere na Balkan, o defiantly tụgharịa ya osisi n'elu Atlantic we laghachi na Moscow.

mkpọsa

Ke mbubreyo March, Bill Clinton ẹkenịmde a nzukọ na ya NATO allies - ndú nke Germany, France, Great Britain na Italy. Mgbe nke a nzukọ, agha etiwapụ amụbawo. The ọhụrụ obodo ahụ tụrụ bọmbụ Cacak. N'otu oge ahụ na-Yugoslav pụrụ iche agha weghaara atọ NATO agha (na ha bụ ndị America nile). Ha na-e mesịrị wepụtara.

April 12 NATO ugbo elu F-15E nwere bọmbụ mmiri (site na ụgbọ okporo ígwè gafere). Otú ọ dị, n'okpuru ihe otiti ọ bụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-nso na-ebupụ nkịtị (n'ụbọchị taa na Serbia usọrọ Easter na ọtụtụ ndị bi na-arahụ na-anọ na ndị ikwu na obodo ndị ọzọ). Dị ka a N'ihi nke na-ada shells gburu 14 ndị mmadụ. Ọ bụ nanị otu n'ime ndị nzuzu na mwute ngosipụta nke mgbasa ozi.

Bombu of Yugoslavia (1999), na obere, e eduzi ọ bụla ọzọ ma ọ bụ obere mkpa ihe. Ebe ọ bụ na April 22, ọ kụrụ site n'isi ụlọ ọrụ nke mba na-achị achị Socialist Party nke Serbia. Allied ụgbọ elu tụrụ bọmbụ na Milosevic obibi, nke Otú ọ dị, n'oge ahụ ọ dịghị. April 23 bibiri Belgrade telivishọn ojii. Ọ gburu 16 ndị mmadụ.

Àjà-udo pụtara n'ihu n'ihi na ojiji nke ụyọkọ bombs. Mgbe on May 7 bombu nke Nis, ọ e zubere na nzube nke ọpụpụ ga airfield, nke dị na mpụga obodo. N'ihi na edoghị ihe mere, akpa bombs meghere akwa na ikuku, n'ihi na ihe shells ama efe aka residential ebe, gụnyere n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ahịa. Gburu mmadụ 15. ọzọ mba asịrị bilie mgbe ihe.

Na otu ụbọchị atụ bọmbụ na-ezighị see Chinese Embassy na Belgrade. The aja nke a agha ndị atọ ndị mmadụ. Na China malitere mgbochi American okwu. Diplomatic ọzọ ke Beijing, nsogbu mebiri. Against ndabere nke ihe ndị a na isi obodo nke China ngwa ngwa kpọkọta ndị bịara mgbakọ nke mba abụọ dozie asịrị. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị US ọchịchị kwetara-akwụ ihe karịrị $ 30 nde ke ụgwọ.

Iku na ọrụ nnọchite anya obodo e mere site ndudue. NATO zubere ka bọmbụ a gbara agbata obi ụlọ, nke bụ Yugoslav akara nke ogwe aka na-ebupụ. Na mgbe ihe, ifịk ifịk tụlere version na America kwụsịrị n'ihi na eziokwu na ha na-eji ihe ochie map nke Belgrade. NATO agọ a nkọ. N'oge na-adịghị mgbe ẹkụre arụmọrụ ke Balkan CIA agha na-elekọta jụrụ ase banyere ala kemmekorita ugbo elu, gbara arụkwaghịm na ya onwe ya arịrịọ. Ndị dị otú ahụ na njehie na ọdachi jupụtara bombu of Yugoslavia (1999). Ndị na-akpata ndị nkịtị nwụrụnụ mgbe e mesịrị na-ewere na Hague ikpe, ebe ndị ahụ tara na ndị ikwu ha ebola ọtụtụ emetụtaghị okwu ikpe megide United States.

Russian March ka Priština

Dị ka akụkụ nke UN okwu udo no ike na Balkans na 1990s na bụ a Russian otu. Ọ were òkè n'ihe ndị na Yugoslavia na ikpeazụ na ogbo nke NATO ọrụ. Mgbe June 10, 1999, Slobodan Milosevic kwetara ịdọrọ ya agha si Kosovo, n'ụzọ dị irè kweta meriri, ebe nke Serbian agha na mpaghara nwere na-guzobe nke North Atlantic Alliance.

Dị nnọọ a ụbọchị e mesịrị, n'abalị nke 11 nke 12 nke ụbọchị, na-Russian jikọtara battalion nke airborne agha mụụrụ ihe na ime ka na-achịkwa nke Priština International Airport - isi obodo nke mba. Tupu paratroopers nwee ihe mgbaru ọsọ na-a iga ehiwe tupu ya ga-eme ka NATO agha. The ọrụ nke ọma dechara. Dị ka akụkụ nke peacekeepers bụ Major Yunus-bek Yevkurov - n'ọdịnihu president of Ingushetia.

ọnwụ

Mgbe na-eduzi ọrụ na Belgrade ka ịgụ weere nke chọrọ bombardment Yugoslavia (1999). obodo weere ndị ịrịba na aku na uba. Serbian mgbawa na-ekwu banyere $ 20 ijeri. Mkpa na ndi nkiti akụrụngwa mebiri. N'okpuru shells kụrụ àkwà mmiri, mmanụ mmanụ, nnukwu ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ, ike nkeji. Mgbe ahụ, na oge nke udo na-enweghị ọrụ nwere 500 puku ndị mmadụ na Serbia.

Ugbua na n'ụbọchị ndị mbụ nke ọrụ ya matara nke-apụghị izere ezere nkịtị nwụrụnụ. Dị ka mgbawa nke Yugoslavia ọchịchị na mba gburu ihe karịrị 1,700 nkịtị. 10 puku mmadụ nọ na-merụrụ ahụ, ọtụtụ puku ndị ọzọ efu ha n'ebe obibi ha, na a nde Serbia ekpe na-enweghị mmiri. Na n'ohu ahụ Yugoslav agha gburu ihe karịrị 500 ndị agha. Ke ofụri ofụri, ha na-ada n'okpuru efega Noa Albanian separatists.

Serbian eefoosu kpọnwụrụ. NATO ofụri ọrụ ẹkenịmde ngụkọta ikuku elu. Kasị nke Yugoslav ụgbọelu e bibiri na-erubeghị ground (70 ụgbọala). The NATO n'oge mkpọsa, mmadụ abụọ e gburu. Ọ bụ-arụ ọrụ nke helikọpta na jiri n'oge a ule ụgbọ elu n'elu Albania. Yugoslav ntụ ozize gbara ala abụọ bụ ndị iro ugbo elu, mgbe ha na-anya ụgbọelu ejected na e mesịrị ẹmende site rescuers. Anọgide of jiri ụgbọelu taa nọ na ngosi nka. Mgbe na Belgrade kwetara ka ohere, ha kwetara mmeri, o doro anya ugbu a na agha ahụ nwere ike merie ọ bụrụ na anyị na-eji nanị ụgbọelu na bombu atụmatụ.

gburugburu ebe obibi ofufe

Ebe obibi ọdachi - bụ ihe ọzọ na akwa ya pụta, nke rụpụtara na bọmbụ nke Yugoslavia (1999). The tara nke ọrụ - ọ bụghị ihe dị a nwụrụ anwụ shells, ma ndị na-ahụhụ site nsí ikuku. Aircraft tụrụ bọmbụ ịdị uchu mkpa si akụ na ụba echiche, Petrochemical osisi. Mgbe dị onye agha na ikuku bu Panchevo ize ndụ nsị. O nwere a chlorine compound, hydrochloric acid, alkali na dị ka. D.

Mmanụ si mebiri emebi tankị nwetara n'ime Danube, nke mere ka ndị na nsi nke ókèala bụghị naanị Serbia kamakwa mba niile ndị na-n'okpuru iyi. Ọzọ nweela bụ ojiji nke njikere agha nke NATO mgbọ na depleted uranium. Mgbe e mesịrị, na ebe nke ha na ngwa e dere akasiaha butere n'aka ọrịa na cancer.

na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị pụtara

Na onye ọ bụla na-agafe n'ụbọchị ọnọdụ nke Yugoslavia e-aka njọ. Na ọnọdụ ndị a, Slobodan Miloshevich ịnakwere a plan maka idozi esemokwu, nke e chọrọ site NATO tupu bombu. The nkuku ndị a nkwekọrịta bụ ndọrọ ego nke Yugoslav agha si Kosovo. All a, US n'akụkụ siri ọnwụ. Representatives nke Alliance kwuru na nanị mgbe ohere site Belgrade kwụsị bombu Yugoslavia (1999).

UN Mkpebi # 1244, adiaha on June 10, n'ikpeazụ ekpokọtara ọhụrụ iji na mpaghara. The mba obodo ka kwusiri okwu ike na-amata ọbụbụeze nke Yugoslavia. Kosovo-anọgide a nke steeti, natara obosara obodo kwụụrụ. Albanian agha ahụ bụ na inapu. Na Kosovo, e nwere mba okwu udo no ike, nke bụ iji nyochaa ndokwa nke ọha iji na nchekwa.

Dị ka nkwekọrịta, ndị Yugoslav agha hapụ Kosovo on 20 June. Edge, na-a ọchịchị, nke nta nke nta malitere ịgbake mgbe ogologo agha obodo. NATO kwetara ya ọrụ ọma - n'ihi nzube a, ma malite bombu of Yugoslavia (1999). Mkpocha agbụrụ kwụsịrị, ọ bụ ezie na ibe mmasị abụọ ahụ nọ na ẹnịm. N'ime ndị na-esonụ afọ, ndị Serbia malitere ịhapụ en masse Kosovo. Na February 2008, ọnu-edu ndú kwusara onwe ya si Serbia (Yugoslavia nwere maka ọtụtụ afọ tupu akpatre n'anya na map nke Europe). Taa, ọbụbụeze nke Kosovo ghotara 108 mba. Russia, omenala n'ịnọgide na pro-Serbian ọnọdụ, kwuru, sị ihu akụkụ nke Serbia.