"Bora" - ship agha hovercraft: nkọwa, nkọwa na reviews

Biri n'Ụwa RKVP "Bora" a ogologo oge na-eme ihe, ọ gbara ya gburugburu a ákwà nke ngụkọta nzuzo. Dị ka, Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ Russian agha ụlọ ọrụ. "Bora" - na ụgbọ mmiri, nke nnọọ na-adịghị analogues na ụwa. Lightness, kraiptographi, ọsọ na ọ bụ elu na ọ bụghị ike ịchụkwudo na ọbụna torpedoes homing agba. The Black Sea Fleet ugboro ugboro ẹkenịmde ozizi, ebe ndi oru ugbo RKVP si anagide ihe aga-eme, na-eduga a ọma agha na na ụgbọ mmiri nke chepụtara echepụta iro.

The echiche na oruru nke ụgbọ mmiri

Akpa echiche nke na-eke ndị dị otú ahụ a ship bilitere n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, mgbe ke 1942 Germany mebiri site na Caucasus. Na Moscow, na nnọkọ-ikpé tụlere draft Kaiser Constructor Chelomeya. Ya amaghị - guzosie agha torpedo ụgbọ mmiri ọgụ echichi nke nnukwu onye iro zaa. All kwetara na ngo bụ n'ezie ekwe, ma nwa oge yigharịrị.

Naanị mgbe agha na Stalin si iwu VMKB "Diamond" e kere 1949. Staff ebubo na-emepe emepe oru ụgbọ mmiri na ntụ kwushin, ọ bụ na nzuzo, a kpam kpam ọhụrụ isiokwu. Ebumnuche bụ ka ike a ibu-ngwa-ngwa agha ụgbọ mmiri. The brainchild nke a ngo na-eme n'ọdịnihu na-aghọ "Bora" - hovercraft.

The ọrụ nke Bureau "Almaz"

Ya mere, na Leningrad Design Bureau "Almaz" malitere iputa echiche - n'ịnyịnya rọketi launchers na obere speedboats. Na ụwa na-na-Russian ọhụrụ akpakanam gbochiri obi abụọ. Ma itiokiet Day Agha na 1967 mere ka anya, mgbe Ijipt ụgbọ mmiri (USSR mmepụta) site na otu agha salvo zitere na-ala nke onye Israel mbibi. A ọhụrụ oge na Navy. Na 70s injinia CB "Diamond" n'okpuru idu ndú nke V. I. Koroleva malitere tinye n'ihu echiche na ihe e kere eke nke ìhè ụgbọ mmiri, catamarans, hovercraft. Nke a na ụba na-agba nke ije, kraiptographi, invincibility. Ihe ịma aka - mberede anya, na mmetụta na otu ngwa ofufe. N'ihi ya mụrụ obere ụgbọ mmiri "Bora" hovercraft.

The mbụ ule

N'ihi na oge mbụ RKVP "Bora" na oru na 1988, ma nke siri ike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba adịghị ekwe ka nwalee ozugbo. The ụgbọ mmiri "Bora" na mbụ gosiri na ha ịga nke ọma na 1991. Ke ebe agwọ Island, na Black Sea, mbụ ọkụ, ha mere ka a dị oké njọ aghara na mba ọzọ na ọgụgụ isi ọrụ. Nke a na nsoro mgbe zutere. New Russian ụgbọ mmiri ndị agha, na-eje ije na a ọsọ nke 40 mara akpụ, mgbe amị agha-ebupụta. Agha salvo akwadebe nanị sekọnd 30. N'oge mbụ ule anọ akụ ụta "anwụnta" e dere anya ebibi kpam kpam a patrol ụgbọ mmiri. Kwesịrị ịdị, ndị a gbaa nwere ike ime ọbụna ndị kasị ibu ụgbọ mmiri, tinyere ụgbọelu na-ebu.

Obere ụgbọ mmiri "Bora" bịara mara dị ka "Oké Osimiri mbibi" n'ihi na ọrụ ya bụ decapitate na nsoro, ie ime ka a gbawara isi ụgbọ mmiri nke onye iro skwodron. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na a elu ọsọ karịa ihe ọ bụla na mmiri arịa, zoo si ele.

Na 1991, Black Sea Fleet nwere mbụ ya hovercraft - nke a bụ "Bora".

Atụmatụ nke ụgbọ mmiri

The ụgbọ mmiri nwere a Ndahie nke 1050 tọn. "Bora" nwere ndị dị otú ahụ akụkụ: ngụkọta obosara - 17,2 m, ogologo - 65,6 m Draft arịa - 3.3 m, mgbe supercharger na-agbakwunyere 1 m ọsọ kacha bụ 55 mara akpụ ... ugboro ugboro anya na a na-agba nke 12 mara akpụ - 2500 kilomita na 45 mara akpụ - 800 kilomita. The ike osisi na-agụnye: 2 GTU M10-1 ike nke 36 puku horsepower, abụọ dizel M-511A ike nke 20 puku horsepower dizel engine na abụọ M-504 ike 6,6 puku horsepower .... Jikeere agụnye obubata RCC "anwụnta" - 8 3M80 akụ ụta, Tammy 20 Pu Sam "Osa-M", AK-176 - 76 mm ogbunigwe usoro, AK-630 - 30 mm ogbunigwe na usoro. Obere rọketi ụgbọ mmiri "Bora" ekwusi a-arụ ọrụ nke 68 ndị mmadụ.

Mal na wepụrụ

Abụọ warara ụlọ (ogologo - 64 m, obosara - 18 m) kpuchie n'elu ikpo okwu. N'ihu igwe bụ a mgbanwe ihuenyo. Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na-efegharị efegharị dị elu esịmde abụọ mita, a dị ike engine 60 horsepower, ikwe gbapụrụ ọsọ nke elu 55 mara akpụ. Ọ bụrụ na elu nke 3.5 mita ife ọsọ a na-enweta na 40 mara akpụ. Echekwa ọganihu a na-nyere site na abụọ dizel. Elu na-agba na-enye ohere ship zere kpọọ homing agba, na ize eze torpedoes.

Mgbe na-eke RKVP Borrow ama nweela ahụmahụ bureaus na shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ na ndị na-ewu nke ọdịda craft ụdị "Bison", "Adelia".

Gịnị bụ ihe pụrụ iche banyere RKVP? "Bora" - a ụgbọ mmiri, na-enwe a hydrodynamic n'elu ikpo okwu na pụrụ n'ụzọ dị mfe gbanwee. Propulsion osisi nwere 36 ojiji ikpe. "Bora" - a catamaran, nke achịkwakwa ọsọ ruo 20 mara akpụ, ma n'otu oge ụgbọ mmiri, ike ịzụlite a N'ezie nke karịa 50 mara akpụ. RKVP nwere a dịgasị iche iche nke ngagharị na ihe mberede, na a kwesịrị ikwu. N'oge afọ nke ọrụ e nweghị ikpe ship batara mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị na eriri. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ ike na-eje ije ọbụna na propellers agbanyụrịrị ruru engine-air blowers na ngafe nke ikuku fom.

RCC "anwụnta"

On osisi "Bora" (ship) bụ ihe kasị egbu egbu echichi RCC "anwụnta." About ha n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Mmetụta ike nke ndị a akụ ụta na Nchikota ike na-ebibi n'etiti òtù na ọbụna mmiri mgbere. Bọmbụ 3M80 "anwụnta" nwere a uka nke 150 kilogram. Malite nso - site 10 ruo 90 kilomita. Malite rọketi Ome, na-eme Uphill, mgbe ahụ arịdata ka a elu nke 20 m, na obibia nke lekwasịrị bụ 7 m n'elu mmiri na ebili mmiri na bumps n'ime ahu ihe. Polubroneboynaya akụkụ na a nnukwu kinetic ike ekwe ka banye n'ime ihe mgbochi ọ bụla. A ike gbawara emee n'ime. Ọ bụrụgodị na ndị iro na-eji a jamming usoro, a jikọtara akara usoro oji elu kpomkwem ọnụego na 99%.

"Bora" na Turkish port nke Sinop

Na 2013, na Turkey, na ebighị CHVMG "BLACKSEAFOR", ọ na-anọchi anya ndị Russian Federation "Bora" - a rọketi ụgbọ mmiri na ntụ fom. Warships Romania, Turkey, Bulgaria, Ukraine abuana ke iri isii omume na u. M elekwasị anya na ihe ị na-eme? Echiche dị iche iche nke ikuku ọgụ, wiring maka trawls, echiche agha obere zaa, na nzukọ nke nkwurịta okwu, na nkwonkwo na-achịkwa, ije akara nke a ụgbọ mmiri ndị ahịa, chọọ na nnapụta na oké osimiri nke tara.

The-arụ ọrụ n'ụgbọ mmiri "Bora" gosiri na ha kacha mma n'akụkụ. All omume n'okpuru iwu nke Captain 2nd efehek Trankovskogo rụrụ were were, o doro anya na a haziri ahazi n'ụzọ - a na-egosi na ndị na-ekiri comments nke ndị niile na-ele omume.

Ke "Artek"

Akwado Black Sea Fleet-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na omenala, oru ebe ọ bụ na Soviet oge. Mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke nnofega na International Center "Artek" bịa "Bora" - na ụgbọ mmiri, nke na-npako nke anyị nsoro. Mgbe n'ịrụ ọgụ ọzọ RKVP "Bora" guzo ọtọ ka ndị wakporo na ụmụ center.

On osisi ship rigoro ọtụtụ narị ụmụ, pụrụ iche tours e duziri ha. Mmata bụ nnọọ ihe ọmụma, karịsịa maka ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụmụ naval nsoro na "Artek". Ebe a na emume ntọhapụ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ.

All ụmụ obi ụtọ na ihe omume na-ekpe ha mma nzaghachi mgbe ịga ụgbọ mmiri.

Traditional bonfire, ikpeazụ mgbanwe ke International "Artek" n'ogige ahụ udo site ọkụ e si Capsule, deflated si ụgbọ mmiri "Bora".

"Bora" na "Sandstorm"

Ekwu okwu banyere ụgbọ mmiri "Bora" hovercraft, tinyekwara banyere ibe ya. Ọ RKVP "Sandstorm". Akụkọ ha yiri. "Sandstorm," a obere obere. "Bora" na "Sandstorm" - mmiri nke otu ụdị nke na klas nke agha hovercraft.

The mbụ tọrọ na ụgbọ mmiri "Bora" na Zelenodolsk nso Kazan na 1984 na-ano "Red Metallist". Mmiri na oru na 1987, na 1991 - gụnyere ke Black Sea Fleet.

"Sandstorm" nwere a ọgaranya akụkọ ihe mere nke ije. RKVP e hiwere na 1991, ọ budara ihe mmiri 1992. Inland waterway a kpọfere Black Sea. Na 1992 - na Kerch, na 1993 - na Sevastopol. Maka oru ihe, na otu afọ e re-gosikwa na Zelenodolsk ka emeputa. Na September 1994, ọ gara Baltic. E kemgbe 1996 nwalere na Baltiysk. Eze, na Baltic nsoro ke ẹkenam ke 2000. N'afọ 2002 naanị RKVP "Sandstorm" e kwagara na Black Sea Fleet. O sonyeere 41 agha ụgbọ mmiri brigeedi Black nsoro.

Ụmụ okorobịa ndị na mụụrụ ọrụ na ndị a warships, ogologo-echeta afọ nọrọ Navy, na-ahapụ ekele reviews. Onye na-ekwu na ọrụ na-wetara na ga Iwe Iwe Ọkụ uma, nke ọzọ ruo mgbe ebighị ebi na-echeta agha omume. Na, n'ezie, onye ọ bụla na-ekwu okwu na ịhụnanya banyere cohesion na otu, enyi na comradely support. Ọ bụ na ndị a na warships abụrụ fraternity.

Ebe aha ahụ bụ "Bora" na "Sandstorm"

N'ihi na Soviet nsoro aha ndị dị ka "Bora" na "Sandstorm", ke akpa ilekiri o yiri na-apụghị ịghọta na osisi. Mgbe niile, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na ụbọchị ndị niile dị mkpa ihe na-akpọ aha ọ bụla dike mmadụ ma ọ bụ ịrịba ihe na nsọpụrụ nke Communist Party congresses, nzukọ, nzukọ Komsomol.

Ma, ebe ọ bụ kpomkwem a akara nke ugbo ala e ọdịda dị otú ahụ pụrụ iche na aha. Back na 30s nke narị afọ gara aga, malitere-egosi na agha mmiri ụgbọ mmiri, patrol (N'eziokwu, ebukọrọ), bụ ndị na-eyi a oké ifufe aha ndị dị ka "The Hurricane." Akwọ ụgbọ mmiri a na-akpọ ya mgbe "inclement weather nkewa." The ndị na-anọchi nke usoro isiokwu a malitere MRK "oké ifufe", "flurry", "Oké Ifufe" oru ngo Ebe 1234 wee na ọdịnala agha hovercraft Project 1239 Designer Korolev chọrọ ka na-akpọ ha aha mberede ifufe mbibi. "Bora" - Black oké osimiri squally ifufe na-abịa si n'ebe ugwu. Karịsịa-ejighị "Novorossiyskaya boron". "Sandstorm" - na Arabic aha nke na-ekpo ọkụ African ifufe na-eweta ike oké ifufe, ụra na ihe niile ya ụzọ. N'ihi ya, abụọ Russian ship aha ya bụ na nsọpụrụ nke oké ifufe, na otu ọsọ bee oké osimiri mmiri, wepụ ihe mgbochi.

ịrịba

N'agbanyeghị ya na-eto eto, na roketi ship "Bora" n'oge ya na-adị, ka rụrụ ihe karịrị otu narị ogbunigwe na agha firings. Ugboro ugboro kwuru na kacha mma RKVP na ya njikọ, merie dị iche iche nwa anụmanụ na ụdị nile nke ọzụzụ. O bi ruo aha ya, dị ka "Bora" - a dị ike na-akwadoghị akwado na-eweta na ọ emelitere.

• Na June 2002, anyị na-enwe ọtụtụ nchikota na mba ozo n'etiti Ukraine na Russia, mgbe nke agha hovercraft, aha ya bụ mgbe ifufe "Bora" na "Sandstorm", na-mmasị ka a brigeedi nke elu mmiri nke Russian Black Sea Fleet
• November 2006. "Bora" ship nlereanya e gosipụtawo na show na Jakarta Indodefence ngosi.
• 2008. Ghọrọ nke ugbu a mmezi.
• March 2009. Ọrụ ọcha N'ezie ọrụ K-2.
• Ka 2013. The nleta mbụ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị na Istanbul. Na-ekere òkè ngosi IDEF-2013.
• August 2013. Ihe ịga nke ọma na-ekere òkè ebighị na mmega nke Black Sea VMG "BLACKSEAFOR".
• 2015. Na-ekere òkè dike-obodo nke Sevastopol naval Nme na Day nke Navy.
• Summer 2015. Ugbu Ndozi nke ụgbọ mmiri na-enwe nnọọ ihe ịga nke ọma.
• Summer 2016. RKVP "Sandstorm" natara a Nme na Sevastopol na Day nke Navy abuana.