Botanical Garden RAS: Olee ebe ọ bụ? foto

Botanical ubi nke mba - na Russian Academy nke Sciences N. V. Tsitsina atụle ndị kasị ibu na mba anyị na Europe. Ikpeazụ n'oge okpomọkụ, ọ na-eme ememe ya 70 ụbọchị ọmụmụ.

akụkọ

The akụkọ ihe mere eme n'oge gara aga nke botanical ubi mgbagwoju na ọgaranya. Kere dị ka dewo akwụkwọ - 1945. N'afọ a, na ala nke USSR Academy nke Sciences nke dị n'ókèala Ostankino Park, e kpebiri iji hazie a ọhụrụ botanical ogige.

400 afọ na ókèala "Ostankino" ala ndị impenetrable ọhịa, nke e nwere na a chụsasịrị obodo nta. Ebe ndị a ka e bu n'uche maka achụ nta munsu na-agba eze huntsmen. Ebe ọ bụ na 1558 na ala a nke e mere mkpesa Satinu Alekseyu Ivanom Groznym, gbanwee ọtụtụ nwe.

Ebe ọ bụ na 1743 "Ostankino" na-aga n'ime aka Sheremetievs alụmdi na nwunye nke Peter Borisovich Princess Varvara Cherkassy. Mgbe niile, ndị ga-eme n'ọdịnihu nwunye natara a ego nke a otutu ala, gụnyere homestead. Mgbe a oge, nchedo nke a pụrụ iche n'ebe ịga nwa ha Nikolai Sheremetev. Ọ na-ewebata a machibidoro na grazing, na-egbutu osisi, ịchụ nta, buru tomato ma mushrooms, na-achọ akara bụghị na-amalite na Grove "gulyalschikov".

The njedebe nke XIX na narị afọ ndị ji igbukpọsị oké ọhịa, agụụ ehi grazing, agụụ mbibi nke anụ ọhịa na anụ ufe.

Mgbe a gbanwesịrị ọchịchị, iwu e gafere machibido ndị na-egbutu nke nwa afọ ọhịa park plantings, nke nditịm ịrụ ọbụna a siri ike n'oge agha, na a zọpụta ndị ala na ụlọ "Ostankino".

ubi Plants

Botanical Garden RAS, karịsịa ya akụkụ, - pụrụ iche echekwabara ọhịa ala ebe. Free ohere Grove e, ya osisi oak na nkezi banyere 160 afọ, ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ndị pụrụ iche ụdị, nke ruo 300 afọ. E birch, maple, spruce na Aspen, ugwu ash, na osisi ndị ọzọ Kroon mkpu nnukwu bushes :. Hazel, buckthorn, honey suckle, spindle osisi. N'okpuru ahịhịa kapeeti nke siri anemones, lungwort, keisi lily, sedge aji, Chickweed, na ndị ọzọ. Ha na-eto naanị na oak Asherim, nke na-ghọtara site ọkọlọtọ Central Russian sara mbara-leaved n'oké ọhịa.

All collections na ubi ikpughe na eke na aesthetically ruru eru ka na-eto eto ebe a oak na birches.

Taa, Botanical Garden Tsitsin RAS - a 331 hectare pụrụ iche collection ego. Nke a bụ ihe karịrị 18 000 na ụdị na osisi dị iche iche si dị iche iche nke ụwa anyị. Na 1991, na a festive ikuku nke isi Russian botanical ubi aha ya bụ mgbe oké academician ma ama ọkà breeder na Mkpụrụ Ndụ Ihe Nketa Nikolaya Vasilevicha Tsitsina, onye mere ka ha ihe karịrị afọ 35, malite n'ụbọchị mbụ nke ntọala ya.

territorial nkewa

Mgbe ị mepụtara na isi ọrụ bụ n'ogige ndokwa nke ime ụlọ na n'èzí ngosi, nke nwere ike dị ukwuu dị ka o kwere omume na-agafe a ma ọ bụ na eke ebe. Ka ihe atụ, na-egosi na ndị USSR osisi e mere ngalaba:

- European akụkụ nke Union;

- North Caucasus;

- Siberia region;

- Central Asia;

- Far East.

Na nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a na ngalaba na e kere pụrụ iche na ọnọdụ nso n'ezie. Dị ka: pụrụ iche eji ehi ura ájá, nkume, ponds ma ọ bụ iyi e kere dịkwuo iru mmiri, ma ọ bụ agbakọta a pụrụ iche slide. All osisi na-kụrụ n'ịgwa na-erukwa na ezigbo agwa.

Botanical Garden nke Russian Academy nke Sciences maka ule nke ọhụrụ osisi aghọwo ebe a na-e kere eke nke iwebata ọta akara.

Ikpughe, dịnụ taa, nwetara aha ndị ọzọ. Ha ugbu osisi na-egosipụta na Far East, Siberia, Central Asia, Caucasus na Eastern Europe.

A nnukwu ebe taa, ị pụrụ ịhụ tundra osisi, coniferous-deciduous, coniferous, coniferous ọhịa, ịkpa, steppes na ala ahịhịa juru.

Buru ubi collections achọ ezi mwepụ nke osisi si agwa. Iji mezuo nke a, ebe ọ bụ na 1946, njem ndị mmadụ merela ziga ha dị iche iche eke ebe nke Soviet Union. Special anya ugwo obere ma ọ bụ n'ihe ize ndụ umu.

Floristic di iche iche nke ubi na-agbanwe mgbe nile. Karịsịa-iche na ọ bụ na 1990. Taa, n'ogige bụ ebe RAS ụmụ amaala na ndị ọbịa nke obodo.

Ọbịa nke obodo, na-eleta ndị dị iche iche na-adọrọ mmasị nke isi obodo, jide n'aka na-abịa na na Botanical Garden nke RAS. Moscow, na-anọchite anya isi ubi nke mba ahụ, na-enye na-ahụ dị iche iche na osisi ikpughe.

Ikpughe osisi nke Eastern Europe na Central Asia, ahịhịa

Fọrọ nke nta ka 6 hectare ihe ịkọwa na osisi nke Eastern Europe. Ọ karịrị 300 na ụdị na-ụdị osisi: banyere 20 umu nke Original Mix ubi, na mkpokọta 30 umu nke osisi na n'elu 200 ụdị herbaceous osisi, ọtụtụ nke si Carpathians.

Main Botanical Garden nke Russian Academy nke Sciences bụ ndị kasị ochie Tsitsin ikpughe Central Asia ahịhịa. Ọ e tọrọ ntọala obere oge tupu agha na Sparrow Hills na Moscow Botanical Garden nke USSR Academy nke Sciences. Mgbe agha ya nke ọma kpaliri ngalaba nke osisi (emi odude ke "Ostankino"). Ma, ọ na-inweta ọbịa naanị na 1953. N'ebe a, anyị ịmepụtagharịa eke botanical na obodo ọnọdụ. Nza nke ugwu, na desert teren kere si tertiary ụrọ. Na nke a nkebi ọnọde coniferous na deciduous ọhịa, ala ahịhịa juru n'elu ugwu na na subalpine, ahịhịa ndụ jupụtara na nkume ugwu, na ọtụtụ ụdị nke nọ n'ihe ize ndụ osisi. Tụlee a akụkụ buru ibu nke na ngosipụta nwere ike ịbụ a top wuru slide.

Ikpughe osisi nke Caucasus, Siberia na Far East

Ebe nke fọrọ nke nta 2,5 hectare osisi ngosi na-ewe Caucasus. Ọ bụ ihe karịrị 300 ụdị Original Mix osisi, gụnyere 23 obere na n'ihe ize ndụ umu. Ha na-emi odude na keakamere ugwu teren na oké ọhịa ndagwurugwu.

More karịa 200 ụdị osisi anakọtara na ikpughe ahịhịa na Siberia. Nke ngosi n'ihu ebe a karịa 50 umu-ewere onodu ma ọ bụ obere.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị adọrọ mmasị collections - ngosi osisi nke Far East. Fọrọ nke nta 400 na umu nke a mpaghara na-dị na mpaghara 8.5 hectare.

Thematic ebe GBS (Main Botanical Garden)

Botanical Garden nke Russian Academy nke Sciences na 1950, kwubiri na e kere eke nke exposition nke bara uru ọhịa osisi. All perennial grasses kụrụ ridges, na obi, e si agwa. E nwere ọtụtụ ihe di iche iche nke a ikpughe osisi na osisi. Nhazi, emebe na akuku osisi ensembles mejupụtara ha nhazi ọkwa na ubi nke ha ngwa dabeere.

Akụkụ mbụ - bụ mkpa mmanụ, ọgwụ na insecticidal osisi. Ha nwere mmetụta dị iche iche na ọrụ na ụmụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ na enweta na-egbu egbu Njirimara.

Akụkụ nke abụọ - osisi technical-elekwasị anya. Nke a eriri, dyeing na tanning. Ndị dị otú ahụ osisi tupu, na ugbu a na-eji na ụlọ ọrụ.

The atọ akụkụ - nri na mmanụ aṅụ. Osisi na-forage anụ ụlọ (hay, silage, ebe ịta nri).

The akụkụ anọ - nri osisi. Ha na-e na-akwado mmadụ. Nke a vitamin, flavor, ose, tii na nastoechnye.

arboretum

Botanical Garden N. V. Tsitsina RAS azọpụta banyere 1700 osisi na shrub umu. Ha na-anakọtara na ókèala ndị arboretum (n'elu 75 hectare). Botanical Garden nke Russian Academy nke Sciences, e wuru dị ka ụdị nke odida obodo nke ogige, ya bụ, osisi na-systematized. Nke a na ebe bụ karịsịa mara mma na n'oge mmiri ka n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ akwukwo ọdịda. Ma oyi bụ bụghị obere akpali ije n'etiti snow-capped conifers sheltering beauties.

"Heather na Japanese Garden"

The arboretum nwere a pụrụ iche ngosi - "Heather ubi". Ọ na-e si Germany pụrụ iche iche nke Eric na fọrọ nke nta 20 iche Heather. Ọ na-emi odude nso laabu ụlọ na gburugburu conifers, barberry, spirea na rhododendrons.

Ọ dịghị obere doro anya na pụrụ iche ịkọwa GBS - "Japanese Garden". Anyị kere ya na enyemaka nke Japanese Embassy na isi obodo. On n'agwaetiti a kpọtaara obere ụdị udara, ornamental ụdị osisi dị na mba na herbs. Ha mara mma ahụ gburugburu wuru ponds na a plurality nke àkwà mmiri, pagoda na nkume ikwọ.

Nnọọ na-adọrọ mmasị collection of Roses na-ewe ihe 2,5 hectare.

Weere oké ọnụ ahịa mbipụta nke griin haus. Ha na-dị site Brazil, Vietnam, Cuba, Madagascar na mba ndị ọzọ na Equatorial mpaghara. Ihe karịrị otu narị ụdị ha banyere ke International Red Book.

The pụrụ iche ulo nkita na Botanical Garden nke Moscow

Na mgbakwunye na isi nnyocha ọrụ, GBS ọrụ aku ozuzu, ozuzu na ire nke osisi na seedlings nke mara na ọhụrụ umu nke osisi. Ulo nkita awade maka ire nke akuku ihe onwunwe deciduous osisi, osisi vaịn, osisi, perennial ahịhịa, Clematis na mkpụrụ osisi. Nnọọ na-ewu ewu osisi na Botanical Garden nke Russian Academy nke Sciences. Ahịa dị nnọọ ala, na àgwà nke akuku ihe onwunwe dị nnọọ elu. seedlings na-arụ mmejuputa abụọ outlets. One (isi) bụ n'okporo ámá. Botanical, 31, abụghị isi n'ọnụ ụzọ nke GBS.

Special nkeji nke RAS

Botanical Garden Bin RAS. Komarova V. L., emi odude ke St. Petersburg, n'àgwàetiti Apothecary. Ọ bụ a nkewa nke Russian Academy nke Sciences. Akụkọ ihe mere eme na-amalite XVIII narị afọ na apothecary n'ogige. Ọ e tọrọ ntọala site Peter I. Ná mmalite, nke N'ezie, kwesŽrŽ ya na-eto eto ọgwụ osisi.

Site n'etiti XIX Apothecary Garden bụ na oké disrepair, maka ego nkwado na niile bụ. Alexander m nyere ya iwu V. P. Kochubeyu, ọkọnọ a atụmatụ maka nwughari nke ubi. Ugbu a ọ na-isi na-elekwasị anya nke ya research eme. Oke nke Apothecary Garden fọrọ nke nta ka okpukpu abụọ. Malitere ịhazi na nkà mmụta sayensị njem ndị mmadụ merela. Garden ifịk ifịk mepụtara ruo mgbe mmalite nke XX narị afọ.

Na njikọ na ememe nke bicentenary nke Botanical Garden na 1913, e nyere ya aha Petra Velikogo. Mgbe a gbanwesịrị ọchịchị, ọ ghọrọ isi botanical ubi nke Russian Soviet Republic. N'otu oge ya alaeze ukwu obibi na onwe greenhouses e zigara.

Na 1930 n'ogige reassign na USSR Academy nke Sciences. N'afọ na-esonụ, ọ chịkọtara na Botanical Museum. Dị ka a n'ihi nke Botanical Institute e guzobere. N'oge mgbochi, n'agbanyeghị mgbalị nke ọrụ, n'ogige e merụsịrị mebiri emebi. Ya mere, ọtụtụ rụziri mgbidi e rụrụ na post-agha oge. Ma nke a bụ a nnukwu ubi-arboretum. Ọ bụ nnọọ ụtọ nke St. Petersburg bi na ndị ọbịa n'otu.

Ọzọ pụrụ iche nkewa nke Academy nke Sciences - na UC Botanical Garden RAS. Emi odude ke Republic of Bashkortostan. N'ogige bụ ogologo ma sie ike n'ụzọ nke mmepe.

Taa, ọ nwere nnukwu collection of osisi, isi na-egbuke egbuke na nkà mmụta sayensị rụzuru na ubi nke ọmụmụ nke ọhịa umu nke osisi nke Republic na ozuzu nke ornamental osisi.

ọgwụgwụ

Ugbu a ị maara ebe aga ma ọ bụrụ na ị hụrụ n'anya uwa, okooko osisi na osisi. Botanical ubi AN Tsitsin RAS - nke a bụ n'ezie ihe na-akpali ebe ileta.