Brachiocephalic ogwe: echiche na definition

echiche nke "brachiocephalic ogwe" na-tọhapụrụ na Mmebe of ma mmadụ ma anụmanụ. Taa ka ikwu banyere nke a na ihe zuru ezu.

echiche

The aha nke ahụ a na-ekwu okwu n'ihi na ya onwe. Brachiocephalic ogwe-akpali si aorta n'etiti akara nke sternum. O wee na-arịgo obliquely, na mgbe ndabere, na n'ogo nke acromioclavicular nkwonkwo na-kewara abụọ akwara. Emi odude ke n'ihu oghere eji ekunye ume, nke na ụmụ na-kpuchie site thymus gland, na nwere a obere ogologo nke atọ anọ sentimita.

Ụmụ ọhụrụ mgbe ọ na-enyekwa tsefaladu on sternoklavikulyarnuyu articulation ke n'ihu triangle nke n'olu.

Ogwe nke onye

Na ụmụ mmadụ, nke a ahu nwere ihe owuwu a kọwara n'elu. Ọ na-abụkarị obere na oké arịa, nke alaka abụọ nri akwara na na abụọ - nri na n'ihu - na-kpuchie site pleura. Na ekpe nke ozu nke onye nke akwara e. Ma ọ bụghị ya, ụgbọ ahụ na-akpọ brachycephalic ogwe (site na Latin aha) ma ọ bụ ndị innominate akwara.

The nwoke na gbọmgbọm brachiocephalic isiokwu ọrịa ụfọdụ. N'etiti ha bụ ndị na-esonụ:

• Atherosclerosis (ìgwè cholesterol na abụba na n'ime mgbidi nke akwara);
• nwa ntụpọ;
• hemangioma (benign akpụ na-amalite site na obere ọbara arịa);
• akwara mmerụ;
• aneurysms (mgbasa lumen bụ ugboro abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa);
• occlusive lesion njiko alaka (iro nke vaskụla permeability, nke na-eduga ná ischemia nke ụbụrụ na nsọtụ (elu)).

Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere nsogbu na arịa ga-ezo aka vaskụla n'ịwa ahụ.

Ogwe nke ụmụ anụmanụ

brachiocephalic ogwe Anatomy ha ọzọ. Ọ dị iche n'ebe ndị mmadụ na-eduzi na nbata obi uji eze, na e ama ekewa abụọ ekpe akwara (a ụmụ mmadụ nri). Nke a pụtara na larịị nke abụọ thoracic vertebra.

Na ụfọdụ ụmụ anụmanụ, dị ka nkịta na ezi, brachiocephalic ogwe e, kama nke ya - abụọ ekpe akwara na-apụta nke aortic njiko. Site na otu nke akwara, na-akpọ brachiocephalic, wezuga ihe carotid akwara, nke na-ebu ọbara na isi nke ụmụ anụmanụ. Ewezụga bụ a ịnyịnya nwere a ole na ole obere akwara ndị gara apụ apụ ya.

Brachiocephalic ogwe-enye ọbara isi, n'olu, obi N'ịdị nke obi mgbidi.

Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na azuokokoosisi na ala nke thyroid gland bụ usụhọde thyroid akwara. N'ihi na ogwe nwere ike ụgwọ atụrụ site na enweghị ma ọ bụ na-anọghị nke onye nke thyroid arịa.

ogwe alaka

Iji ihapu nke arịa si subclavian akwara nwere umu kpọmkwem iche. Si akwara ha wezuga-esonụ alaka:

• Ọgịrịga-cervical ogwe ọnọde ọbara uru nke n'olu wee kpọnwụọ. Napu apu ọnụ na akwara ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka miri emi cervical vertebral na (na ruminants na ezì) ma ọ bụ naanị ndị mbụ n'ime ha (carnivores). Na inyinya, ogwe bụ otu nọọrọ onwe ha alaka.
• Deep cervical akwara-enye "extensors" isi na olu. Diverges n'olu mọzụlụ, ya cranial direction. Na olu, dị ka nke ọma dị ka spinal alaka forms a abụọ nnochianya. Ezì na nkịta, a akwara bụ a alaka nke ọgịrịga-cervical ogwe.
• Vertebral akwara bụ uzuoku. Ọzọkwa eduzi cranially. Iru atilasi, tọhapụrụ ndị alaka nke uru ahụ na ọgidigi azụ na-aga ebe oghere ke akpa cervical vertebra (atilasi) na olu nke anụmanụ forms nnukwu eruba ụzọ (akpọ collaterals). Na ehi na-akpali ọnụ na n'elu kwuru banyere alaka. A carnivores bụ ọbara nke mbụ na arịa, nke departs si subclavian akwara.
• Plechesheynaya akwara (ma mara dị ka elu elu cervical akwara) na-enye ohere n'olu uru na ọbara, dewlap na n'ọnụ ụzọ obi. The ezi na-akpali n'ebe ya thyroid ogwe.
• N'ime na elu thoracic akwara. The n'ime n'elu-eduzi caudal na sternum, ọ na-abịa asaa ọgịrịga na ndụdụ. Ikpeazụ ya arịa na-dị musculo-diaphragmatic akwara. Ọzọkwa arịdata na onunu ọbara na abdominal oghere mọzụlụ, ezì na carnivores nwekwara mammary gland. N'èzí akwara bypasses mbụ ọgịrịga na alaka miri emi na ara muscle. Nke a akwara na-kama agụghị oké mepụtara.

Next brachiocephalic ogwe ụmụ anụmanụ, na-aga n'ihu Left akwara na-aghọ ndị axillary akwara. Ha bụ ndị isi nke ọbara esenyịn nke thoracic aka na ụkwụ.