Chemosynthesis - a ụdị autotrophic oriri na-edozi

Na ọdịdị, e nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ na-ezitekwara ahụ. Ha na-adabere na e ji mara nke ihe owuwu, mmepe na ebe obibi na ọnọdụ nke organism. Chemosynthesis - nke a bụ otu n'ime ha. N'ihi na ụfọdụ ntule, ọ na-ahụkarị na ihe na ọnọdụ ekwe omume? Ndị a na ajụjụ ndị ọzọ ga-aza anyị isiokwu.

autotrophs

The n'ụzọ abụọ bụ isi na-enye ntule - bụ hetero- na autotrophic. The mbụ emee njikere assimilation nke nri: ndi na-edozi, lipids na carbohydrates. Ya mere na-eri ụmụ anụmanụ, dịkwa ka usoro ha, ụfọdụ bacteria. Autotrophs na-enwe ike synthesize organic bekee site na inorganic n'okpuru ụfọdụ ọnọdụ. Otu a nke ntule bụ osisi na a pụrụ iche otu nke bacteria.

Umu anumanu na osisi nke autotrophic ụzọ eri bụ photosynthesis na chemosynthesis. Isi ihe dị iche bụ isi iyi nke ike maka ndụ. Chemosynthesis - a ụzọ na-enye na nke ọxịdashọn nke inorganic ogige. Iji mepụta nke a na-adịghị niile ndu eme ntule.

chemotroph

The usoro nke chemosynthesis, nke meghere ke 1887, ama Russian ọkà mmụta sayensị S. N. Vinogradovym, bụ ihe e ji mara nke a otu otu nke otu-celled prokaryotes. A na-agụnye ígwè, sọlfọ na nitrifying bacteria. Ha niile bụ mkpa nerganicheskie oxidize bekee. N'ihi ya, bụ na ígwè na tọghatara si di- ka trivalent site chemical mmeghachi omume nke ọxịdashọn. A hydrogen sulfide - na a mfe umi, ie sọlfọ ... Nitrifying bacteria bụ nke otu dị mkpa na ọdịdị.

N'elu decomposition na putrefaction nke organic okwu tọhapụrụ amonia. Group nitrifying bacteria oxidize na umi nitric acid. Etisasịwo mmiri, nke a na ihe onwunwe Nleta a soluble nnu. N'ihi ya, na osisi, na-aṅụ ha ala, enriched na nitrogen, ọnụnọ nke bụ a dị mkpa ọnọdụ maka mmepe nke na-akpata usoro. N'ihi ya, chemosynthesis - ọ bụ na usoro nke na-enye ihe dị mkpa ihe na iche iche iche iche nke ntule n'out oge.

phototrophic

Ìgwè ndị ọzọ dị autotrophic ntule na-osisi. Ha na-eji maka mmepụta nke organic bekee ìhè anyanwụ. Ya mere, na usoro nke ha nri na-akpọ phototrophic. Usoro a bụ na o kwere omume naanị na pụrụ iche cell organelles - chloroplasts. Ha na-ebu a colorant - ink chlorophyll.

Ọ bụ ya na-enye nkọwa ndị photosynthetic akụkụ nke autotrophic ntule na green. Ọ bụkwa a dị mkpa ọnọdụ nke usoro a bụ ọnụnọ nke mmiri na carbon dioxide, nke a tọhapụrụ ka a n'ihi nke respiration nke ndu eme ntule. The usoro nke photosynthesis dị mkpa mbara pụtara. The eziokwu na kpụrụ bụghị naanị carbohydrate glucose, nke na-eji phototrophic dị ka onye ike isi iyi, ma oxygen, dị ka a n'ihi nke leakage. Enweghị usoro a nke na-eku ume gas bụ ekwe omume, n'ihi ya ndụ n'onwe ya.

N'adịghị ka chemosynthesis photosynthesis

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na abụọ na umu na-atụle n'elu usoro autotrophic ụzọ na-eri, na ha nwere ọtụtụ ihe ịrịba ama dị iche iche.

Photosynthesis-agaghị ekwe omume na-enweghị ọkụ eletrik. Ọzọkwa, ọ pụtara nanị na ọnụnọ nke mkpụrụ ndụ na chloroplast. Chemosynthesis - a usoro na-adị na-enweghị ndị a ọnọdụ, ma naanị na bacteria.

Ha dị iche, ha na ndu uru. Phototrophic enye ihe nile dị ndụ na oxygen. Nje bacteria rụrụ nrugharị nitrogen, sọlfọ na ndị ọzọ na bekee.

Ihe ọzọ dị mkpa dị iche bụ n'ihi na a nwetara kpọmkwem autotrophic ntule maka onwe ha. Photosynthetic osisi na-etolite carbohydrate glucose. N'otu, ụmụ irighiri nke na umi-enye polysaccharide starch. Ọ bụ a ndabere osisi potassium. Chemotroph synthesized organic bekee eme kpọmkwem, ma site na a molekul nke ATP - adenosine triphosphate. Nke a na umi bụ ụdị nke ike ụlọ ahịa dị na mkpụrụ ndụ nke ndu eme ntule. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ọ na-kewaa. Usoro a pụtara na ọtụtụ nzọụkwụ, na onye ọ bụla nke a ụfọdụ ego nke ike a tọhapụrụ. Na na ya iji chemotroph maka ndụ Filiks.

N'ihi ya, photosynthesis na chemosynthesis dị iche iche nke ụzọ autotrophic oriri na-edozi nke ndu eme ntule, nke onwe ha na-ahụ ike na ọ dị mkpa n'ihi na ha na mmepe.