CPU ugboro: elekere, kacha

Ugbua toro a ọgbọ nke na kọmputa ọrụ ndị na-ahụghị ama "agbụrụ megahertz" na eketịbede n'etiti abụọ eduga Nsukka nke CPUs maka desktọpụ kọmputa (na-amaghị - Intel na AMD) at uzo nke narị afọ iri. Njedebe ya bịara gburugburu 2004, mgbe ọ na-bịara doo anya na ugboro nke processor - bụghị naanị ihe e ji mara nke na-emetụta ya ịrụ ọrụ. Oké "agụụ na-agụ" na nnọọ elu ugboro Pentium IV processors na Prescott isi na-abịa nnọọ nso 4 GHz, ma si otú siri ike mpi na K8 ije na nke ọhụrụ "bara nnukwu uru" si AMD, nke nwere a ugboro bụghị elu karịa 2,6-2 e wuru, 8 GHz.

Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ma na emeputa synchronously akwapụrụ omume nke njirimara nke na ngwaahịa ndị na-arụ ọrụ ugboro na Switched onye nkịtị nlereanya index. Mkpebi a n'onye ezi omume site na ekweghiekwe ịme end-ọrụ mgbagwoju anya banyere processor arụmọrụ, na-elekwasị anya naanị otu onye nke e ji mara. N'ezie, e nwere n'ezie nakwa ugboro nke processor ụgbọ ala, na cache size, na usoro nke isi na-mere, na ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ. Ma ugboro nke processor bụ ka onye nke kasị doro anya na kensinammuo n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị tụọ "àgwà" CPU.

The elekere ọsọ nke processor na, n'eziokwu, na-emetụta ya arụmọrụ, na-akọwa na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke arụmọrụ rụrụ kwa nke abụọ. Ma eziokwu na processors, wuru na dị iche iche cores, anọ na-arụ otu ọrụ a dị iche iche ọnụ ọgụgụ nke cycles, na site n'ọgbọ ruo n'ọgbọ, nke a oke nwere ike iche budata. Ọ bụ site na nke a ugbu a processor na a elu ọnụ ugboro ole nke 2,0 GHz ahapụ anya n'azụ ndú afọ asaa gara aga na a elekere ugboro ole nke 3,8 GHz. Ke adianade do, processor ọsọ, dị ka e kwuru n'elu, na-emetụta ndị size nke cache (elu ya bụ, obere mgbe ahụ CPU ga-atụgharị a dịtụ ngwa ngwa ebe nchekwa), na ugboro nke processor ụgbọ ala (elu ya bụ, ngwa ngwa ndị data nyefe n'etiti "a na oké nkume" na RAM), na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, na-erughị anya, ma ha na-adịghị obere mkpa, e ji mara.

Na nso nso-ewu ewu na-amalite tinye ihe dị otú ahụ dị ka ndị kacha ugboro nke processor.

Nke nta nke nta, na Intel, AMD ma mejuputa na ha na ngwaahịa na ọrụ dị ka avtorazgon. The technology bụ nnoo otu onye emeputa akpọ Turbo agbam ume, ndị ọzọ na - Turbo Core, kama na ya kachasi mkpa na-anọgide n'otu: processor elekere ọsọ ike dynamically gbanwere, na-akpaghị aka, na-enweghị ọrụ aka. The mkpa iji dị otú ahụ na nkà na ụzụ n'ihi na eziokwu na multi-isi processors taa ama ibu na, n'eziokwu, na-ahụkarị, ma ndị nke oge a multi-threaded ngwa, dị mwute ikwu na, na-abụghị. The sistemụ, ịhụ onye ahụ nke processor cores kwajuru ukwu siri ike karịa ndị ọzọ, onwe enwekwu ugboro nke isi, na n'otu oge ahụ na-agbalị ịnọgide na processor n'ime ya "nwa afọ" teplopaketa (ie, usoro na-agba mbọ oke megide ngwá ekpo oke ọkụ). Ọzọkwa, dabere na processor nlereanya na kpọmkwem ọnọdụ, dị ugboro nwere ike ịgbanwe na-amụba site na 100 na 600-700 MHz, na nke a bụ na-ekweta, a ịrịba ama mmụba na ha ịrụ ọrụ. Nke a technology na-akwado site na ọtụtụ ndị ọhụrụ processors si ma Nsukka. Intel nwere ya, akpan akpan, niile CPU lineup Core i5 na Core i7, si AMD - niile processors na anya AM3 +, processors FM1 anya (ma e wezụga n'ihi processors na nkwarụ ndịna isi), nakwa dị ka ụfọdụ "nkume" na AM3 n'elu ikpo okwu (isii-isi Tuban na quad Zosma). Ọzọkwa, maka Intel processors, dabeere na njikọ Socket 1155, ndị dị otú ahụ avtorazgon karịsịa mkpa ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-echebara na n'ihi ihe ụfọdụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ atụmatụ full "osooso" site na ịba ụba nke processor ụgbọ ala ugboro bụ fọrọ nke nta agaghị ekwe omume. Otú ọ dị, okwu a bụ nnọọ ihe ọzọ isiokwu ...