Croup na ụmụ. Mgbaàmà na ọgwụgwọ nke croup na ụmụ

Akụkụ okuku ume na ọrịa, nke pụtara dị ka a n'ihi nke stenosis nke eji ekwu okwu na na sayensị ọgwụ maara dị ka croup. Ọrịa a na-esonyere ndị na-esonụ mgbaàmà: ụzụ ume isi ike, hoarseness, "barking" ụkwara, mkpụmkpụ nke ume. Croup bụ a nwa - a obere onu bụghị. Dị ka a na-achị, ya emee megide backdrop nke dị iche iche ọrịa. N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-atụle isi ihe okwu ndị dị otú ahụ na nsogbu dị ka croup na ụmụ.

ihe

Ọtụtụ mgbe kwuru na ọrịa na-amalite na dị iche iche ọrịa ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka Measles, influenza, chikinpoksi, kịtịkpa, ụkwara nta, ịba ahụ ọkụ, syphilis. Ọbụna banal Ari pụrụ ịkpasu a daa ọrịa. Ọka-abụkarị ka a sikwuoro nke diphtheria. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọrịa nwere ike ime ka a nkịtị herpes. Nke a, tinyere ọzịza nke mucous akpụkpọ ahụ nke ogwooro na hyperemia nwere ike ime ka rashes. First ọ ga chọpụta kpọmkwem papules wee - ozize ntekwasa odo-ọcha mkpa film. Ghara ego na ihe ndị dị ka ọjọọ gburugburu, meteozavisimost, nakwa dị ka ọnọdụ ihu igwe. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị ọrịa na-chọpụtara na ụmụaka ndị bi na ulo oru (mmeru) ebe nakwa dị ka nso rụrụ arụ okporo ụzọ awara awara. A nnukwu ọrụ na-eme daa ọrịa ejije ịgbanwe ahụ nwatakịrị ahụ reactivity. Ihe kpatara nke a bụ iche iche na ụdị parameters na nri, encephalopathy, rickets, lymphoidotoxemia, exudative diathesis, oyi baa na akwara ozi daa ọrịa. Ụfọdụ ụmụaka na-ata ahụhụ site croup, a akụkọ ihe mere eme na-depụtara ọgwụ ma ọ bụ nri allergies, uche, ụkwara ume ọkụ.

Ònye bụ na n'ihe ize ndụ?

The akacha chọpụtara malitere ịrịa croup na ụmụaka ruo afọ atọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na anatomical na n'ahụ Ọdịdị nke akụkụ okuku ume na usoro nke ụmụ. Children zoro aka lumen nke ogwooro na ọgbọ bụ ihe mkpafa, na cartilage ọzọ pliable na softer karịa nke okenye. The akwara ụda olu na-mkpụmkpụ. Submucosal oyi akwa mejupụtara a kama rụrụ connective anụ ahụ. Ọ bụ ya mere mgbe ụfọdụ mbufụt nke akụkụ okuku ume na tract bụ mgbe edema, na-eduga na ibelata nke lumen nke ogwooro.

pathogenesis

The nkọlọ na ahu nke nwa-arụ olu na-akpụ, akụkụ okuku ume na echebe ọrụ. Ọ bụla ibelata ya nwere ike ime ka emeghasịkwa nke patency nke elu airway, nakwa dị ka anoxia dị oké mkpa akụkụ (obi, ụbụrụ, akụrụ, na na. D.). Croup a nwa bụ n'ihi mbufụt. Sores, ọzịza, necrosis, elu elu ozize, etisa mucous akpụkpọ ahụ, na-eme a mpiaji spasm nke uru ahụ nke ogwooro. Stenosis mgbe amalite oxygen erughi, mkpọchị mode ikuku ventilashion nke elu akụkụ okuku ume na tract. Mgbe ahụ, e metabolic na akụkụ okuku ume acidosis, hypoxemia, ọrịa ụbụrụ edema. Nke a na ụdị nke aghara nsogbu maka stenosis.

Croup na ụmụ: Mgbaàmà

The mbụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa na-adị n'abalị. Ha dị bụ n'ihi na anatomical na n'ahụ ihe: n'oge a na e nwere a elu ụda olu nke parasympathetic ụjọ usoro, na a kehoraizin ọnọdụ, na-emekarị akpa ume drainage-adị njọ. Abụkarị ọka na nwata gbagowe na okpomọkụ (ruo 39 degrees). Ọzọkwa, e nwere a runny imi. N'oge iri na abụọ - na iri anọ na awa asatọ e nwere a "barking" ụkwara, ike ike, na-echetara nke hawking. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ na-esonyere ngwa iku ume, retractions intercostal oghere, stridor. N'otu oge ahụ n'oge mkpu arịrị ụkwara naanị Noa. On ule, dọkịta na-ekwu na ibelata nke ogwooro na oghere eji ekunye ume. Nke a na-enye ịrị elu a na-akpọ oké ụzụ respiration, nke nwa ọhụrụ bụ ike zuru ezu na-a ume na hoarseness, na hoarseness. Mgbe ị na-na-na oyi na-atụ ikuku na a gwara ewedatara mgbaàmà.

Mgbaàmà nke diphtheria croup

Isi mgbaàmà - a nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye na stenosis, na-eduga a otu ebe progression nke ogo nke ọnọdụ. E ji mara ihe ịrịba ama bụ na-a "na-egbu egbu" chanwụrụ akpụkpọ, keolu mgbaka, na mgbe ahụ nkịtị ụkwara. Gọzie gị, paresis anya nke soft okpo ọnụ, ọmụmụ nwere ike igba. Croup na ụmụaka, ihe mgbaàmà nke na-nnọọ wetara, e ji guzobe na tonsils awọ unyi e dere ede. N'ihi ya ọnụ na-emekarị wee putrid isi. Ọ ga-kwuru na n'abalị ikekwe ngwangwa arịa ọrịa n'ihi na nnọọ oké ike, ọbụna na-egbu egbu. Ya mere, ị kwesịrị ị na ozugbo kpọọ ụgbọ ihe mberede mgbe ọ na-achọpụta rụọ ịdọ aka ná ntị ịrịba ama.

nchọpụta nsogbu

Iji mata ọrịa, nke bụ isi ihe kpatara nke malitere ịrịa ọrịa na ụmụ nwere ike endoscopic ụzọ. On nnyocha nke ogwooro mucosa anya aza, congested, na mkpa-gbaa ya akpụkpọ. Na ohere podskladkovom kwesiri ngosi aza rollers. The contours nke yiri mgbaaka nke bronchi na oghere eji ekunye ume na-larịị. Muco-purulent exudate, mgbe ụfọdụ, dabere na mkpa, ma karịa na ọ bụ oké na stringy. Ọtụtụ mgbe kpụrụ fibro-necrotic machie. Mgbe mwepụ nke ihe e dere ede na nkedo tracheal lumen aghọ wider. Otú ọ dị, mgbidi ya na-aga n'ihu igba obara. Mkpali edema nke mucosa na-eduga ná eziokwu na ọnụ ọnụ nke bronchi na-slotted, na apụta si omimi nke sputum (purulent).

eneme

Taa, ihe dị oké mkpa ka enwetara usoro nke serological nchoputa nke croup. Ọ dabeere na ojiji nke tent nke-alụso ọrịa ọgụ ụfọdụ nje na nje bacteria. The PCR usoro a na-n'ọtụtụ ebe na (polymerase ihe mkpalite). Otú ọ dị, usoro a bụ irè mgbe mmalite kpọọ biomaterial oropharyngeal (na nnukwu ogbo). Na ọbara ule nwere ike ịchọpụta na-abụghị kpọmkwem mkpali mgbanwe. N'ihi ya, n'ihi na nje croup hụrụ leukocytosis, na malitere ịrịa - leukopenia. N'ihi na ihe ezi nchoputa, kamakwa ikpe nke-enyo enyo omume nke nsogbu na-eji X-ray ụzọ (cervical spain oyiyi, paranasal sinuses, obi na na. D.). Ọzọ usoro - a esi nchoputa. Ebe a, isi ọrụ na-egwuri site adakarị picture nke ọrịa. Ọzọkwa e nwere n'uche ọnụnọ nke preexisting ọrịa, nwere ike ime ka a sikwuoro.

ọgwụ Atụmatụ

Ọ na-atụ aro ka anya dị ka o kwere omume na-egosi na nwa na nke dọkịta. Ọgwụgwọ nke croup na ụmụaka na akpa ebe ga-eduzi ndị na mwepụ nke airway edema. Taa, mmiri ọgwụ ọgwụ ọjọọ na-eji ndị a na nzube. Ọ na-atụ aro na-eri nri ma ọ bụ mmiri na nwa mgbe o kwere omume iji zere akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ. Igba ala okpomọkụ na dochie mgbu nwere ike ịbụ ibuprofen ma ọ bụ paracetamol. Ọ dị mkpa ka nlezianya na-agụ ntụziaka banyere onunu ogwu ma ọ bụ gakwuru nke okwu a na dọkịta gị. I nwekwara ike iji antispasmodics, dị ka "Baralgin", "maksigan", "Snazgan" na na. D. Na nke a, ibe n'ibe na iberibe ka a afọ na-atụ aro na-enye 1/3 mbadamba na kiddies postarshe- 1/2. Decongestants na oyi na-atụ preparations agaghị enyere gwọọ ndị croup na ụmụ, ma nke ukwuu ikwado ala nke a nwa. Ndị a bụ ndị mbụ nzọụkwụ na e nwere ike iwere tupu mbata nke dọkịta. Ị ga-hụ na ọkọnọ nke ụlọ jụụ ọhụrụ ikuku.

Ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụ

Na kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-elekọta na-adọ na-elekwasị anya mweghachi nke airway na Iguzogide toxicity kpatara ọrịa na-efe ọrịa. N'ihi nke a, na usoro nasotracheal intubation. Egosi maka ya iji na-eje ozi dị ka ndị obi na akụkụ okuku ume kpatara stenosis nke nkọlọ 2, 3 na 4 degrees, ma na-amụba hypoxia na hypercapnia. Intubation rụrụ n'okpuru general ná Nkụnwụ. Otú ọ dị, usoro a nwere ya drawbacks. Nke a bụ isi postintubatsionnye hondroperihondrity oghere eji ekunye ume na nkọlọ, na-eduga cicatricial stenosis. ọ na-atụ aro iji a pụrụ iche thermoplastic tube maka mgbochi nke ndị dị otú ahụ nsogbu. Ke adianade do, ọgwụgwọ nke croup na ụmụaka agaghị enweghị ezigbo ogwu mgbochi ọrịa, nke a na-kenyere ndị dibịa dabeere na onye e ji mara nke nwa. Na ọrịa a na-emekarị kenyere mmiri ọgwụ mmadụ na-akwalite ngwa ngwa Mbelata stenosis rata site a nkọ mucosal edema nke ogwooro. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọrịa na-ndinọ glucocorticoid ọgwụ ọjọọ. Ọ bụrụ na ha arụmọrụ na-adịghị ahụrụ, nọgide jiri ihe ndị a ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na-ezighị ke akpa awa abụọ mgbe na-ewere homonụ. Na-alụ na toxemia eji infusion ọgwụ.

Ọgwụgwọ nke ntighari croup

Na ọrịa a itinye bronchodilators, mucolytics, etiotropic na antiinflammatories. Irè dose iri atọ na isii. Akpan akpan ntị ga-akwụ ụgwọ n'ikpochapụ edema, nākpasu apịajighị apịaji. Mucolytic ọgwụ ọjọọ aka weghachi kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ nke akụkụ okuku ume na usoro. Sekretolitiki ( "Ambroxol" na "Bromhexine") na-eme ka liquefaction nke sputum, na-akpali e guzobere akpa ume surfactant. dị ka a mgbochi mkpali ọgwụ, na-eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe cromoglycate. Mgbe enyemaka nke nnukwu ngosipụta nke ọka iji gbochie hypersensitivity bronchi na nkọlọ, ọ dị mkpa na-eji a ogologo (banyere ọnwa abụọ) ọgwụ H1 ihe nnabata blockers (nkwadebe "cetirizine"). Oge nke mgbako họpụtara immunostimulatory ọgwụ ọjọọ. Ha na-ahọrọ na-adabere na nwa afọ, ọnụnọ nke etiotrop pathogen njupụta nke aza. Ngwá ọrụ ndị a na-agụnye "Bronhomunal" ọgwụ ọjọọ na interferon. Na nke a, oge nke ọgwụgwọ mgbe ọgwụ n'ahụ ga-dịkarịa ala otu ọnwa.

Prevention of croup

Isi ntị ga-akwụ ụgwọ iji hardening nke nwa. Ọ bụ mgbe na-ejegharị na nwa nke ọhụrụ ikuku. Nke a ga-nyere aka melite arụmọrụ nke elu akụkụ okuku ume na tract na-ewusi dịghịzi usoro. I nwekwara ike ile quenching akpịrị. Iji mee nke a kwa ụbọchị, itucha ya na oyi mmiri, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata okpomọkụ nke ọmụmụ. Otú ọ dị, na nke a na-ekwesịghị ọsọ ọsọ. The usoro nke Habituation ga-dịkarịa ala ọnwa abụọ. Ke akpatre n'onwe mmiri okpomọkụ bụ banyere 14-15 degrees. N'ihi na okenye ụmụ, dị ka hardening nwere ike ji mee resorption ice. Mmiri bụ kacha mma ifriizi n'ụdị a mma ntupu, tupu agwakọta ya na lemon ihe ọṅụṅụ. N'ụbọchị nke nwa nwere ike e nyere otu cube.

Prevention of malitere ịrịa ọrịa na ụmụ bụ na nnabata na ụkpụrụ nke na nri kwesịrị ekwesị na ojiji vitamin. Nke a ga-enyere ike ahụ ihe nchebe na-eme ka ndị kwesịrị ekwesị na ike mmepe nke nwa. Ọ bụ nnọọ uru iri ọhụrụ mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, na-aṅụ herbal teas na herbal teas. Ha ga-bụghị naanị na-ewusi dịghịzi usoro, ma na-enyere na mgba na abụrụ n'oge na-efe efe na nje. Ọ na-atụ aro ka na-enye nwa oriri nwere vitamin C na A. Ọ bụ ihe dị mma maka ahụ ike ji mmiri ara ehi na ngwaahịa, karịsịa yogot ndụ.

Ọ dị mkpa ka ikuku na ulo bụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ọhụrụ. Nke a kwesịrị a ụfọdụ iru mmiri. Echefula banyere idebe ihe ọcha. A anwụrụ ọkụ nso nwa ahụ na-nditịm ajuru aju. Ọzọkwa na-atụ aro maka ojiji na ụlọ ebe nwata, mkpa mmanụ, kandụl na na. N. Ha nwere ike ime ka oké iyatesịt nke akụkụ okuku ume na tract.