Delphic eboro na Geology: sayensị, na egosi na akụkọ ifo

The obodo nke Delphi na Greece - njem nleta center ugbu a, ma puku afọ abụọ gbakọrọ n'ebe a abụghị ndị njem nleta, ma ọtụtụ njem ala nsọ. Ha pụtara site na ụgbọ mmiri, na rịgoro n'ugwu, ebe, n'etiti ihe dị nsọ olive n'ọdọ guzo a ebe nsọ a raara nye anyanwụ chi Apollo. Dị ka akụkọ mgbe ochie, na ebe a nwa Zeus gburu dragon Python, nke na-eche nche na mkpịwa, na-enye ndị mmadụ onyinye nke ibu amuma. Kemgbe ahụ, ndị pụrụ iche nchụàjà - aha mgbe dragon Pifiyami - amuma akara aka nke ha ndị mmadụ na-aza ajụjụ banyere ọdịnihu. Otú ahụ ka ebe nsọ na Gris oge ochie e nwere ọtụtụ ndị, ma ndị kasị asọpụrụ bụ ụlọ nsọ ahụ nke Apollo na Delphi.

Ọ na-emi odude na ụkwụ nke Ugwu Parnassus. Ebe ọ bụ na ebe a na-asọpụrụ si atọ na narị afọ iri BC 4 na narị afọ AD, e nwere ọtụtụ ebe e kwuru banyere ya na-eme ihe mgbagwoju oracular amụma iji. All ndị chroniclers na-ekwu na ụlọ nsọ nke Apollo guzo n'elu mkpịwa, ebe ebili ala, haruru. Priestesses nabatara naanị ụmụ agbọghọ ndị nwere onyinye nke amụma. Ezie na ha rụrụ ha ọrụ Pythia, mgbe ahụ, na-enwe nkwa nke ịdị ọcha, na na mgbe ahụ, na-ahapụ ọrụ, di na nwunye.

Visitors wetara onyinye n'ụlọ nsọ na jụrụ ajụjụ, bụ nke e dere na a wax mbadamba. Hụrụ na a buru ibu na nke dị iche iche ugboro, ha na-ekwu na ndị njem ala nsọ nwere mmasị na otu nsogbu: ma nwunye na-agbanwe, ma na-adabere na otu ma ọ bụ onye ọzọ ma abamuru nke a ma ọ bụ na trading nwere ike mee. Iha mbụ saa ala adyton - ala ulo n'okpuru isi nke temple - na-anọdụ ala a tripod. Ọ imi na-asọpụta na trans. Ya rambling okwu ekwu Delphic eboro - a pụrụ iche nchụàjà chepụtara na a iju mutterings eboro priestess nke ndị bụ chi.

Ma mgbe ochie gwupụtara, na-aga n'ihu n'ebe a si XIX narị afọ., Ndi ịhụ ihe ọ bụla cracks n'okpuru temple. Ọkà mmụta sayensị na Adolf Oppe na Pierre Amandri na ha akwụkwọ kwuru na Pythia, amụma ahụ na ibu eboro nke Delphi - dịghị ihe karịrị a nnukwu, na-adịgide adịgide ọtụtụ narị afọ ojoro, nke rụpụtara ke temple-nchu-àjà rite uru na ọcha njem ala nsọ. Otú ọ dị, n'ihe banyere ụlọ nsọ nke Apollo na Delphi enwere a obere ọnọdụ mgbe oge a ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-agọ, ma enen echiche ụgha nke na ọrụ ebube ahụ mere na ebe nsọ ahụ.

Na 1980s, na-amụ ugwu mgbawa formations e duziri, na-ewere ọnọdụ na a na ọnọdụ. Ọ hụrụ na-anaghị emezi emezi nke nwere ike ebili site ngwaahịa nke magmatic ọrụ, na-agba ọsọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, ogologo ebe Pythia ọdụ, na ebe-aza ajụjụ Delphic eboro. adyton ụlọ bụ 2-3 mita n'okpuru ala ozo, ka ọ e mere enwetaghị ma jide gas na-abịa site crevices. Ma gịnị bụ ihe a umi ọṅụṅụ na-egbu priestess na-ewebata ya n'ime ọhụụ?

Plutarch kwuru na "pneuma", nke ume nke Pythia, nwere ihe ísì utọ. Ọbụna na afọ 20 nke iri abụọ na narị afọ Himik Izabella Herb hụrụ na a 20% ngwọta nke ethylene-eduga ná mmadụ forgetfulness, na a na-adịghị ike dose akpata ọhụụ. Ọkà mmụta ihe ochie Higgins na 1996 tụrụ aro na olu chi, nke kpọpụrụ na Pythia na kwusara Delphic afa, mmụọ nsọ site na abụọ nke ethylene weere na carbon dioxide. Nke a bụ ọgwụgwụ nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kewapụrụ ọmụmụ nke ọzọ temple nke Apollo na Gierayolise (Malaya Aziya), ebe ngwakọta ka ọkọkpọhi nke ala n'ígwé ka elu. Na Delphi, mgbe ọtụtụ isi ala ọma jijiji, mkpịwa bụ mechiri emechi na "isi iyi nke mkpughe" akpọnwụwo.