Dzhordzh Gordon Byron, "Mazeppa": nchịkọta

Byron uri "Mazepa" - a mgbagwoju uri mejupụtara, nke ndị mejupụtara iri abụọ obere isi. English na-ede uri kere a na akụkọ mgbe Ukrainian dike nke Voltaire fragmentary ọmụma banyere Karl XII. French na-ede akwụkwọ, dịcha, maara na akụkọ mgbe Mazepa a surfactant, na ikekwe ya chere banyere onye ahụ dabeere na asịrị na akụkọ na-emeghị. Ikekwe kpomkwem n'ihi na nke ya kpara hụrụ n'anya nke a image na J. Byron. Mazepa - bụ ihe idealized ọgụgụ, nke mere jikwaa mejuputa ya plan.

ya mere eme

Mara Cossack Ataman Hetman Ivan Stepanovich Mazepa (1640-1709) ghọrọ ama maka ya na-alụ maka nnwere onwe nke obodo ha na ya ụlọ ọrụ na site na Russia na Poland. Iji mezuo nke a, ga-eme n'ọdịnihu hetman banye njikọ aka ha na ndị Swedish eze Karl XII, nke nwere maka a ogologo oge hụrụ na Russian Alaeze Ukwu nke onye iro. Na Agha nke Poltava na 1709 Russian agha merie ndị Swedish eze, Charles na Mazepa na-amanye efehe. Karl gara n'ebe ugwu nke Europe, na Mazepa e eche Turkey, ebe ọ hụrụ ya puru enyere Devid aka.

prototype nke dike

E nwere ọtụtụ ihe n'ihi na nke a n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere mmasi Dzhordzh Gordon Byron. Mazepa bụ ọdịdị zuru oke nke Byron-enupụ isi na-achụso ihe nlereanya kwesịrị ekwesị nke na-eje ozi n'ala nna ha. Jiri nlezianya na-amụ "History of Charles XII», e dere site Voltaire, ihunanya English-agụ ihe niile na a maara na France na-ede ọkara kpara akụkọ ihe mere eme agwa. "History" anọwo nnọọ na-ewu ewu na Europe, a na-arụ ọrụ a sụgharịa asụ asụsụ ọzọ, o diri iri na anọ mbipụta n'ụbọchị ya. Nke-ise ngalaba, na-ezo aka ihe ndị mere na Swedish-Russian agha, Voltaire kwuru akụkọ ihe mere eme uru nke hetman omume na Ukraine na niile Europe, na kwukwara a akụkọ ịhụnanya mere na a onyeisi ya nke-ntà afọ. Ọ bụ ndị a na ndetu kpaliri ike a uri site English na-ede uri, na-atụgharị uche na-anya ihe nke European akụkọ ihe mere eme, nke e siworo na-ewere mma-echefu gara aga.

Background mkpoputa

English na-ede uri na ndị oké ozu dere ya uri na Italy, na 1818 ma ọ bụ na 1819. Ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta kweere na akụkọ nke rụrụ arụ n'anya Mazepa na nwunye onye ọzọ - a reinterpretation nke ịhụnanya ya, ejije, nke nwetara Byron. Mazepa di ọku rụrụ arụ ahuhu maka nwunye nke onye agbata obi ya - Teresa, na English na-ede akwụkwọ dara na ịhụnanya na nwunye agụ Guiccioli, nke aha ya bụ otu aha.

Dị ka dike nke uri, Byron a manyere ịhapụ ya ọ hụrụ n'anya, na-enweghị ebe ọ maara na ihe ọ bụla banyere ya ga-eme n'ọdịnihu. Mwute Lyrics nwere ahụmahụ dara were were n'ime ákwà nke edemede proivzedeniya.

Summary: "Mazeppa," Byron

Author nyawaa ya uri na obere cupolas, ọ bụla nke - a iche iche akụkụ nke dum akụkọ. Ná mmalite nke uri na-gwara nke a egwu meriri, nke mere ka Swedes Russian agha n'oge Agha nke Poltava. A obere detachment nke Swedish ichighaazu gbanahụ-achụ ya, na-akwụsị n'etiti oké ọhịa. Na-ede na-akọwa otú Mazepa ịhụnanya na-ezo aka ya kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi ịnyịnya, otú juputara ọcha njikota ụtọ na ya mmasị riri. Ịgbalị ịdọpụ uche eze si eche echiche banyere mmeri, Mazeppa agwa otu n'ime akụkọ nke ndụ ya metụtara na ịnyịnya. Nke bụ eziokwu na ọ bụ a na peeji nke ogige nke Polish King John Casimir, na-eto eto na Ivan Mazepa bụ ezi-na-achọ, na ọtụtụ ndị inyom kwụsịrị ya chere na ya. Ma, obi nke dike ahụ na-adọrọ na-eto eto mma Teresa, bụ onye na iwu kwadoro nwunye a Polish nobleman. Young Ivan otụhọde achọ nzukọ na enweghị mgbagha mma, na n'ikpeazụ, ọ bụ ike iji na-amụnye ọkụ nke ịhụnanya na obi nke ya nwaanyị. Mgbe ọ matara nke nwunye ya efịbe, di iwe nyere iwu Ivan tie na azụ nke a ọhịa ịnyịnya , ka ọ na-aga n'ọhịa. Ntụ ọka, nke nwere onye na-agba, a ole na ole kpọmkwem okwu na-akọwa Byron. Ma eke nke nzukọ Teresa nke uri ekwughị ihe ọ bụla ọzọ. Ọ bụ amaghị ma Mazepa onwe ya maara ihe nọ na-echere ya ọ hụrụ n'anya na-eme n'ọdịnihu ...

Mazepa ẹkenịmde na azụ ọtụtụ oge ịnyịnya. Ọ bụ kwa obi ọjọọ a ntaramahụhụ n'ihi na-eto eto na Ivan, ma Polish agụ chọrọ lyubvnik nwunye ya nwetara a ọtụtụ nhụjuanya n'ihu Smer. Ivan ahụ e excised ọhịa osisi, anụ Oké anyanwụ, mmiri ozuzo freezes. Akwaa circling n'elu ya, na anụ ọhịa wolf ndị na-nzọ ụkwụ nke ịnyịnya ya. Mgbe a ole na ole-egbu mgbu ụbọchị ọduọ emegbu emegbu ịnyịnya dara metụtara Ivan bụ n'okpuru ozu a ịnyịnya. Enye ama kwuru goodbye ndụ mgbe ọ hụrụ Cossacks na-azọpụta site na ụfọdụ ọnwụ, dị ka a kọwara site Byron. Mazepa enyekwara n'ohu ahụ Cossacks, na ọ na-eche ka a kpamkpam dị iche iche akara aka. The protagonist nke akụkọ nsọtụ, na-eyi site na eze na-ehi ụra na-enweghị nụrụ ihe o kwuru.

The oyiyi nke Ivan Mazepa

Akparamagwa nke protagonist bụ na o siri ike pụrụ iche. A ole na ole nke ọma strok sketched agwa Hetman ná mmalite na ọgwụgwụ nke na-arụ ọrụ. Mazepa gosiri a ike, obi ike, persistent onye a siri ike na - na ọ bụ yiri protagonists nke ọzọ poems na e dere site Dzhordzh Bayron. Mazepa na-emezu ihe ya na-achụso na niile nkebi nke ndụ ha, na ịbụ a siri ike di n'uju ndụ, ndị ike gwụrụ na owu na-ama agadi nwoke nke iri asaa. The uri na-egosi a ọma mgbanwe uma nke Ivan Mazepa n'oge niile ndị a afọ. Oge maka mgbanwe nke dike - Ọ na-aghọ maara ihe, bụrụkwa na-emezu ihe o ideals.

feature

Mazeppa Byron - karịsịa a na-enupu isi na-esetịpụ ha onwe ha ihe mgbaru ọsọ ma na-agbalịsi ike iru ha. N'ihi na ụfọdụ, onyinyo nke Ivan Mazepa - bụ ihe e ji mara nke a ihu abụọ na a sabo, na n'ihi na onye ọ - dike. J .. Byron awade onwe-amata ọdịdị na omume nke Mazepa, na-edebe nri ise na-agụ oge Ukrainian ndụ akụkọ. Na ndụ n'ụwa n'ezie prototype nke a edemede agwa nwere a iche myirịta. Ihe kwesịrị ncheta àgwà nke ezigbo Mazepa na uri akpan. Ikekwe na-ede akwụkwọ sere siri ọnwụ iji nweta ya ihe mgbaru ọsọ, nke gawara Hetman Mazepa. Byron jisiri gosi ihe nkiri nke ebibi olileanya na-akọwa onye na-na a otu agha efu ihe niile o nwere.

The atụ na uri "Mazepa"

ugboro ugboro, nke okwu bụ "anụ" na-akpali. ọ bụ "anụ ọhịa" o yiri ka ndị bi na Albion akparaghị ókè Ukrainian steppe. Ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla mberede, o kwughachiri okwu ugboro ugboro. N'ihi ya, Ukraine - bụ a "anụ mba" nke "anụ steppes", "anụ ọhịa". A ole na ole apịpịa ngwaahịa na-aha na "anụ" ịnyịnya Mazeppa, ndi nēbu ya site na oké ọhịa na ahịhịa ogwu bushes na Ukraine - ọ bụ oyiyi nke siri ike agụụ mmekọahụ, onye were obi nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu hetman, na mmetụta nke na-egbu egbu na-ahọrọ, na ihe nnọchiteanya nke ekwe ekwe uche. N'ọgba aghara eruba n'ime mmiri, ike ebili mmiri na-na mberede ifufe mesie mmetụta nke ike ọchịchọ na agụụ na kpochapụ dike akwaa - a nnọchiteanya nke ọnwụ na-echere ya na ọ bụla n'aka, na mgbede oyi, foogu na wraith - a uri image nke mpụga agha na-enye Mazepa nri na-amata uru mgbochi nke ndụ ya.

Strong adjectives ịmepụta otu obi, ufiop image nke Ukraine, nke bụ free, undeveloped ala. O doro anya na na n'azụ Mpaghara ọ na-emegide ndị manicured English ubi na tụrụ ndụ nke compatriots "anụ" wilderness, nke edinam nekpughe ihe.

eke image

-Adịghị ahụ anya na eri nke niile dike nke agha anọgidewokwa na-anyụ site ọjọọ chioma. Fate chigharia imegide Swedish agha na a na-agbawa obi agha na Poltava, si King Charles XII, dooming ya agbahapụ na mmeri. Fate me-eto eto Ivan na mara mma Teresa, bụ onye nyere ndị ga-eme n'ọdịnihu hetman ịhụnanya. Ma otu akara aka, na kewapu ha - mgbe niile, Ivan ahụghị ihe mere ya ọ hụrụ n'anya mgbe a nkewa. Fate azoputala ya, na-eduga Ukraine welie ya karịa ndị ọzọ nke Cossacks, ma Mmetụta ya nile olileanya na atụmanya, na-ahapụ adalata afọ nke ya owu, gbahapụrụ niile dike.

The oyiyi nke ịnyịnya

Na ihunanya akwụkwọ nke n'oge narị afọ nke 19 ịnyịnya na - ihe nnọchianya nke eke na chi. Ikekwe, nke ahụ bụ ihe mere ọ na-aghọ doro anya ihe mere Eze nke Sweden efu ịnyịnya ha - na chioma gbakụtara ya ka uri nke a pụta ìhè Byron. Mazeppa, on Kama nke ahụ, na-eme ya ịnyịnya dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke eziokwu ahụ bụ na nkume - na ya n'akụkụ, na ya chioma hapụghị, n'agbanyeghị ejije nke ọnọdụ ahụ. Mazeppa onye na-agba na-anọchi anya a nnọchianya nke obi ike na nri ịchịkwa ha onwe ha a kara aka. Na na na njedebe nke akụkọ, nke e dere site Dzhordzh Bayron, Mazepa anọgide na-enweghị ibe na-enweghị ịnyịnya - si otú ozugbo-emesi owu ọmụma na obi nkoropụ nke protagonist, nke zuru okè kọwara Byron.

"Mazeppa": Plan

Atụmatụ dum ngwaahịa nwere ike na-anọchi anya dị ka ndị a:

1. The mmeri nke Swedish agha.
2. Ivan Mazepa n'etiti ndika Karl XII.
3. Mkparịta Ụka King na isi agwa.
4. Mazepa akụkọ banyere ya na-eto eto:

• ndụ nọ n'obí Eze nke Poland;
• n'anya na nwunye onye ọzọ;
• ntaramahụhụ n'ihi na iwu akwadoghị ịhụnanya;
• na-egbu mgbu na njem na azụ nke a ọhịa ịnyịnya;
• ọnwụ nke ịnyịnya na nzọpụta ha.

chịkọta

Anyị nwere ike sị na dum uri, onye na-ede akwụkwọ bụ ndammana ghọrọ Byron e dere site na nke a obere akụkọ. "Mazeppa" - a dike aka imeri nsogbu n'ikpeazụ merie nsọpụrụ na otuto na a mba ọzọ. The English-ede uri, a nta ndudue, enye Mazepa Polish si na elu-mụrụ aha. Ma ọbụna na nke a njehie ina ya romance. N'ala ọzọ n'agha nwere ike imeri ike, ebube, na nsọpụrụ, na-aghọkwa onye na-achị nke ọtụtụ mba. Na oyiyi nke isi agwa, dị ka a dobe nke mmiri, egosipụta ọchịchọ nke Byron - mgbe niile, na ọ ghọrọ Italian Carbonaro, na-ekpechite ọnụ ha onwe ha ala si French mwakpo, na mgbe e mesịrị na-agbalị na-aga Peru na ubu na kpara Bolívar na agha nke nnwere onwe nke mba a.

The oyiyi nke dike nke uri dere n'ike mmụọ nsọ oké Vernier, onye na-ese a na foto nke ngwaahịa nke Byron. E nwere ihe àmà nke ọtụtụ egwuregwu nwetara na-etinye na uri a, na n'oge anyị, a magburu onwe film e mere.

Akụkọ mgbe ochie na-ndabere maka a akwụkwọ onye cover e dere. J. Byron. "Mazeppa." The ederede nke ngwaahịa a dị mfe na-agụ ma na-echeta. Anyị nwere olileanya na a nkenke analysis of ọrụ nke Byron, ga-enyere ịghọta ọdịdị na agwa nke Ukrainian dike.