Fencing - Gịnị bụ ihe ahụ? All nke fencing dị ka a egwuregwu

Fencing - a magburu onwe ya, mara mma nke ukwuu, mara na ihunanya egwuregwu. Otú ọ dị, oge ochie a mara art bụ ma mara mma na-egbu egbu. Fencing - na ọ bụ a nke ndi-agha odide, nke bụ ejighi oru àgwà jiri obi ịta mmiri na ama. Taa, anyị ga-ele anya na nke a na-akpali akpali egwuregwu nso anya ma chọpụta ihe ndị fencing, nakwa dị ka ebe ọ na-e tụụrụ ime, nke na ọ na e nwere iwu nke ide ekike dị ka asọmpi na-enwe n'ebe ahụ na ihe ịga nke ọma na nke a Russia. Fencing nwere anya mgbọrọgwụ ha na ha na-amalite.

mere uyen

Fencing-atụle ga-na ebe omumu nke Spain. Ọ bụ ebe a mụrụ ihe dị ka a n'oge a art onwunwe nke a mma agha na a rapier. Na Spain, mere ụwa na-ama Toledo pupụtara, nke, ịbụ nnọọ ìhè, nwere magburu onwe ike e ji mara. Ọ bụ ná mba a, ma mgbe e mesịrị na Europe malitere duel na a oyi ngwá agha. Ọ na-kweere na Spain akwụkwọ mbụ, nke e weere fencing e bipụtara. Men mmasị na-alụ ọgụ na oyi na-atụ ígwè, na ndị inyom mụtachara fencing ukwuu mgbe e mesịrị. N'ime oge ahụ, mba ahụ ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ nke fencing. Ọ bụghị kwa anya n'azụ Italy, France na Germany. Na 1470-ies na Germany guzosie ike a ụlọ ọrụ nke ndị nkụzi nke fencing, na England - òtù fencers.

Site na mmalite nke XVIII narị afọ na e nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ n'ụwa nile. Chief n'etiti ha bụ French na Italian akwụkwọ nke swordsmanship. Ọ bụ ha bụ ndị nyere ụwa ama ịṅụ bladed ngwá agha.

Na XIX narị afọ ọ malitere guzobe fencing. Na site na njedebe nke narị afọ a, mbụ mpi, na ha nke oge a na nkọwa e haziri. Na 1913, e kere site International fencing Federation, nke na 1914 nakweere iwu nke ndị agha. N'ihi na ndị a iwu ka mpi now. Ka ụbọchị, ndị International fencing Federation na-agụnye ihe karịrị otu narị mba federations.

Fencing na Russia

The mbụ mmasị na nkà nke fencing pụta na Russia na n'oge na Asaa na narị afọ. Peter m mgbe mere a "rapier sayensị" a na-amanye ịrụ isiokwu maka agha na ndi nkiti na oru. Na 1816 na St. Petersburg meghere a fencing ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ịzụ ndị nkụzi na ọzụzụ. Coach fencing, ẹkesiode mgbidi ya, e weere a na-akwanyere ùgwù mmadụ. Na 1834 na Russia anyị mepụtara a fencing iwu na bayonets. Nke nta nke nta, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ malitere ka a hazie ya na obodo ndị ọzọ.

Site 1899 na 1916 na St. Petersburg egwuregwu obodo ịmụta fencing egwuregwu kwa afọ, nke a na-gara site niile Russia. Russian fencing nna ukwu na mba arena maka oge mbụ mere na 1910. Otu nke Russian na-eme egwuregwu na ndibọhọ atọ ebe ahụ. Mgbe afọ abụọ gachara kwadoro mbụ Olympic Games na Russian fencers ọrụ. Fencing mgbe ahụ malitere ịzụlite na oké ọsọ.

Mgbe e mesịrị, Soviet akwụkwọ nke fencing ga-abụ otu nke kasị mma n'ụwa. Na 21 nke narị afọ nke nna ukwu nke na agụba nke Russian jisiri nweta a ole na ole na iri na abuo gold Ọla na imebi ihe ndekọ nke Soviet mba otu. Taa, e nwere a na ngalaba nke fencing na fọrọ nke nta niile obodo.

Sport fencing

Nke a egwuregwu na-agwakọta atọ ọzụzụ. Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti ha bụ ụdị ngwá agha mee. Ngere nwere ike ịbụ a mma-agha, rapier na saber. Ebumnobi bụ isi nke sparring - akpatara ima ma na-echebe onwe gị site na ya gbaa. The eto eto bụ onye ga-enwe ike na-emefu a ụfọdụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mbụ ọgụ ma ọ bụ iji nweta ihe kacha mma na-arụpụta maka ụfọdụ oge.

ngwá agha

Fencing ngwá agha mejupụtara ndị ọcha:

1. Agụba.
2. Garda.
3. Ịtọ.
4. Aka.
5. Aku.

Na nsọtụ nke agụba bụ a pụrụ iche n'ọnụ. Ngwá agha nwere ike kpaliri na nkịtị. Ọdụdọ ogwe ejikọrọ na wiring na ngwá, nke were gbaa. The waya ẹkenịmde n'okpuru uwe nke na-eme egwuregwu. The n'ọnụ nke ngwá agha nwere a pụrụ iche button.

Mma agha nke ngụkọta ogologo adịghị nnọọ 110 cm na ibu - Agụba 770 nwere ogologo 90 cm n'obosara bụ kacha nche 13.5cm Agha na-ezo aka ịkpọpu ... A mgbanwe agụba ígwè nwere trihedral cross-ngalaba.

Rapier iche na mma agha site kwa dị ka ibu - 500 g; nche n'obosara - 12 cm - ngalaba na Klenk - The square. Ọ na-enye mfe fencing.

Sabre nwere ogologo karịa 105 cm Mgbe a esịmde a kacha agụba ogologo 88 cm saber. Arọ -. 0,5 n'arọ. Sabre akọ a Idupu na ịcha na ogwe aka na nwere a na-agbanwe agụba ígwè na a agbanwe trapezoidal cross ngalaba. Anyị nwere nche saber shackle, nke ejikọ ya na ahụ. NDỤMỌDỤ mma-agha abụghị.

otụk ebe

Na a duel ji mma agha gua injections mere ka n'ọnụ nke agụba ọ bụla nke na-iro ahu. Dị nnọọ ike-eti na azụ, unprotected nkpuchi.

Ugbu a, ka anyị tụlee a duel na rapiers. Na usoro nke iwu bụ ihe ọkaibe fencing. Rapier na-aka nke ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-achọ ihe ziri ezi. The rapier sparring jabs atụle naanị na toso nke onye iro, ma n'ihu ma n'azụ. Efega isi, aka na ụkwụ na-egbu. Ọ bụrụ na ndị foil fencer kpataara ima n'èzí kwere mpaghara, ndị agha na-kwụsịrị, na niile na-efega nke a merenụ na-adịghị ẹsịn.

Na a duel na sabers na-ekwe ka eme gbaa na-efega n'ebe ọ bụla nke ozu, bụ nke dị n'elu n'úkwù, ma e wezụga n'ihi olu. Ọ bụrụ na ndị fencer dị ná mpụga ebe a, ọ na-adịghị na-a hit / prick ihe, ma ọgụ na-aga.

The sparring fencers na rapiristov mgbe ụfọdụ gụọ ọgwụ / ịfụ gburu na-ekwe gbalaga. Nke a na-eme mgbe ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-na-echebe site na ụma mechie etiwapụ akụkụ nke aru nke unaffected. Ka ihe atụ, na ụkwụ na pụrụ mgbe mgbe chọta achọ unprofessional fencing. Regulations nwekwara gbochie kpọmkwem metụtara ngwá conductive ebupụta, gụnyere ndị ya uwe, n'ihi na ọ na-akpata a ụgha mma eletriki usoro.

ekike

Anyị na-anọgide na-amụ fencing. Gịnị bụ ejiji fencer? Nke a na-acha ọcha uwe esịnede a jaket na trouzas ruo ikpere na suspenders. Jacket akpọ a uwe. Uwe fencer ka nke ndị na-akpa ákwà nwere ike idi ihe ịtụnanya ruo 800 newtons ike. Ndị a ekike na-eji mba asọmpi. N'ihi na mfe arụsi bụ ezuru ákwà pụrụ iguzogide mmetụta ike nke 350 Newtons.

Na ụkwụ nke ndị fencer na-ewepụta na a ogologo ọcha sọks na pụrụ iche akpụkpọ ụkwụ. Site a mfe egwuregwu akpụkpọ ụkwụ, ọ dị iche a ewepụghị naanị na a mesikwuru ụkwụ na n'ikiri ụkwụ. E nwere ala na elu ụdị. Nke abụọ a na-eji mgbe ọ dị mkpa na nkwonkwo ụkwụ mkpọchi.

Nkpuchi - bụ ihe ọzọ dị mkpa àgwà, na-enweghị nke na ọ gaghị ekwe omume iche fencing. Gịnị bụ ihu nchebe? Nke a bụ nnọọ akụkụ dị mkpa na ndị dị otú ahụ a mara mma ma dị aka ike egwuregwu. Echebe nkpuchi kwesịrị ọ bụghị nanị ekpuchi iru-otiti, ma anaghị egbochi ndị na-eme egwuregwu ọma ịhụ onye iro. Ya mere, anya mpaghara nkpuchi nwere a metal okporo. A pụrụ iche metal olu akwa na-echebe ndị n'olu.

N'ihi fencers metal okporo a dịpụrụ adịpụ na plastic ujo na-eguzogide machite na abụọ. A olu akwa mere si a ihe nwere ike idi mmetụta ike nke 1600 Newtons. N'ihi na ọzụzụ, na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ bụ 350 Newton.

Rapiristov eji otu masks, naanị na ihe electric olu akwa. Ọ niile na-adabere ụdị efega na-enye ohere a akpan akpan fencing.

Sabre, dị ka ekwuola, nwere ike iti ndị ihu, otú ahụ nkpuchi maka saber bụ uninsulated okporo, na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik. Ma n'ezie dum saber mkpu na olu akwa, mere nke ihe electrically conductive ihe onwunwe.

On n'aka-ejide ngwá agha, na-eyi uwe. N'ihe banyere saber fencing ọ bụ electrically conductive cuffs.

N'okpuru uwe, dị ka akọwara n'elu, na-etinye nabochniki nke nwekwara iguzogide ujo ike 350 ma ọ bụ 800 Newtons. Iji zere ichifịa n'okpuru nabochniki adianade nko na plastic nchebe.

Ebe ọ bụ na fencers infestation nke otụk elu nke dum na-kọwara na-echebe ha ezuru. Rapiristov n'ihu na-etinye na a vest jaket mere nke a conductive ihe onwunwe. Ọ na-egosiputa a elu na ya gbuo. Na saber, Ọzọkwa, na jikọọ na vest nkpuchi.

Deba aha iku

Mgbe etinyere na mgbapu ma ọ bụ igbu (maka saber), na ndekọ ngwa enye ịma banyere ya na-atụgharị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ìhè. Ọ bụrụ na ndị agha e rụrụ site niile iwu, mgbe ahụ, ọ na-guru na wakpoo ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-akawanye a na-ekwu. Ọ bụrụ na ntụmadị / ima e mere n'èzí kwere mpaghara ìhè nwuo ọcha ìhè. Mgbe mụnyere n'otu oge green na-acha ọcha na ìhè bulbs, mgbe ahụ, abụọ etiwapụ mee, na mbụ n'ime ha bụ ghara ịdị irè. N'ihi ya, nke abụọ hit anaghị gụọ. Ebe ọ bụ na fencing epee na-enye ohere ọ bụla punches, ọ dịghị ọcha ìhè bulbs. Ọ bụrụ na ndị bọlb mụnyere n'out oge na abụọ, na isi ihe natara site ọ bụla player.

fencer uwe nwere ike jikọọ na a na ndekọ na ngwaọrụ dị ka a Wired ma ọ bụ wireless n'ụzọ. Iji ọkụ usoro mata ngafe, arrowhead mgbali kwesịrị iru dịkarịa ala 4.9 Newtons ma ọ bụ 0,5 n'arọ maka gripper na 7,35 newtons ma ọ bụ 0,75 kg - n'ihi na mma agha. Ma mmetụta mma agha, a ga-akpọrọ ya nkwubi okwu ezi uche. Simple aka ebe a adịghị eweta ihe.

Ọ bụ ike were, ma e nwere otu oge mgbe etiwapụ e dere nanị anya. Nke a dị mkpa ozi e nyere anọ referees onye gbara ya gburugburu agha si n'akụkụ niile. Na 1936, ndị mbụ natara site na-achị, dị ka nke injections fencers malitere ofu na-enyemaka nke eletriki ngwa. Na 1957 a usoro malitere mpi fencing na-eme egwuregwu, na na 1988 na saber fencers.

pistes

Sparring-ewe ebe na pistes. Ogologo ya dị 14 mita, mgbe obosara nwere ike ịdị iche iche n'etiti 1.5-2 mita. Dị ka ihe ọ bụla ọzọ egwuregwu, n'ọgbọ agha nwere a nkè. Na nke a, ọ na-anọchi anya 5 edoghi, perpendicular na track. First akara - center. Na a anya nke 2 mita si ya na abụọ nke ndị agha dị. Abụọ ọzọ edoghi asaa mita efep center ma n'azụ edoghi na-akpọ ala.

N'ihi ya, na mmalite nke na-agha, mgbe ndị agha, ndị na-eme egwuregwu nwere 5 mita 9 mita na ichighaazu maka agha. On abụọ nke track na-ekenyela a 2 mita etiti oge, nke na-enye ohere na-eme egwuregwu na-ekpebi kpọmkwem otú ihe o hapụrụ ụlọ maka ichighaazu, bụghị ichigharị.

Olee otú agha

Anyị na-ama mara n'ozuzu okwu ihe fencing. Gịnị bụ a fencing uwe na ihe ndị nkè bụ n'ọgbọ agha, anyị na-mara. Ya mere, ọ bụ oge ịga na na na fun akụkụ - agha usoro.

Ya mere, na nmalite nke agha ndị iro na akara amalite ọnọdụ n'akụkụ ọ bụla ọzọ. Na nke a, otu ụkwụ obe akara. Ngwá agha zigara onye iro, na free n'aka a na-etinye n'azụ. The duel amalite na-agwụ mgbe refirii enye ihe kwesịrị ekwesị iwu. Otú ọ dị, na njedebe nke n'obi nwekwara ike ime ma ọ bụrụ na-ekesa ihe mgbaàmà ịgwa na a gburugburu emebiela.

Kemgbe ụwa, ndị na-ekpe ikpe a rụrụ na French. Tupu mmalite nke agha, refirii enye iwu "An Nche!", Nke sụgharịta ka "agha!". Ọ jụrụ ndị na-eme egwuregwu ajụjụ a: "ey vu tupu" ịchọpụta ma ha dị njikere. Mgbe ma fencers bụ ọrụ, ọkàikpe na-enye iwu "Alla!". Ọ bụrụ na ị chọrọ ịkwụsị agha, ọ na-ekwu okwu "Viola!", Nke sụgharịta ka "Kwụsị!". Na awarding isi ka a akpan akpan onye agha, onye-ikpe kwuru, sị: "A Droite", "A gauche" ma ọ bụ "Ku abụọ." Nke a pụtara: "nri," "ekpe" na "ma", karị. Mgbe ndebanye ghara ịdị irè iku onyeikpe kwuru, sị: "Pa Conti" - "M na-agaghị na-atụle." Mgbe isi na-emegide azụ ha mbụ ọnọdụ, na agha na-aga n'ihu. Ma ọ bụrụ na ndị agha nọ na-akwụsị na-enweghị na-award, ọ maliteghachiri na otu ebe ebe o bi.

Onye egwuregwu ekewa atọ agba na-adịgide adịgide 1 nkeji. The nkeji n'etiti agba bụkwa nkeji. gburugburu eto eto bụ na-eme egwuregwu bụ onye mbụ scores 15 ihe, ma ọ bụ ga-eduga na akaụntụ n'oge gburugburu nsọtụ. Ọ bụrụ na ọgwụgwụ nke atọ agba site isi n'ihi na a Olee, e kenyere onye ọzọ na-anọ gburugburu. N'otu oge, tupu ọ na-amalite, na-enwe Olee nke-eto eto a họọrọ bụrụ na mmezi nkeji agaghị aka.

Ugbu a, tụlee fencing otu, nke iwu bụ ubé dị iche iche. Ọ bụrụ na ndị otu mpi, onye ọ bụla fencer aghaghị ịlụ ọgụ ọ bụla onye iro otu na-eme egwuregwu. Ebe ọ bụ na otu mejupụtara atọ ndị mmadụ, a egwuregwu n'etiti abụọ ìgwè na-agụnye 9 onye agha. Na nke mbụ a ọgụ na-agwụ mgbe onye nke ọzọ inweta 5 isi, nke abụọ - 10 ihe, na na na 45.

The fencer onye wakpoo mbụ, na-akawanye ọnọdụ nke ebibi na ya onye iro, karị, na-echebe. N'otu oge iku / injections, uru a na-enye agha player. Alternately mkpa edinam na-akpali si na onye na ibe-fencer. Ọ bụrụ na kọmputa usoro dere a hit / shot, ma ọ e mere mebiri nke agha mkpa ihe ga-ọdịda. Mgbe n'ihi ibe refirii eme banyere ọnọdụ ahụ. Igbu / ima kpataara mgbe iwu "Kwụsị!", Bụ gua naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ije malitere iwu.

Nkenke banyere usoro na eme nke ọgụ

Ka anyị lee anya a obere miri n'ime nke a na-akpali akpali egwuregwu dị ka fencing. Gịnị bụ a agha? Nke a na mmekọrịta pupụtara, nke pụtara ibu mkpa, tricky, kwupụtara mmegharị na usoro. Na nke a bụ isi ihe dị iche si fencing duels na-arọ ngwá agha.

Mgbe a na-anwa agaghị ekwe omume, fencer-agba mbọ na neutralize counterattack na counterattack. Na iji kpochapụ ihe iyi egwu, ọ bụchaghị ezere, i nwere ike ịlụ ọgụ na agụba, wee tinye a counter ntụmadị.

Na fencing, ekere òkè dị mkpa na-eduhie eduhie ije. Nke a pụrụ ịbụ: ozuzo, nke na-enyere aka zoo ebumnuche nke na-eme egwuregwu; feint na-anọchite anya na-eyi egwu ngagharị; aka, akpasu ndị iro bụrụkwa, ma ọ bụghị mgbe niile mma-atụle omume, na na.

Modern fencing, dabere na ụdị ngwá agha, nwere ụfọdụ iche na Usoro, si eme na iwu nke si n'ihi na akụkọ nke ngwá agha. Sabre were agụba, nke e ji mee ihe na ndi agha. Ha agha na agha agha, otú mgbutu etiwapụ n'elu belt. Eziokwu a na-gaghị agara nke nke infestation nke otụk n'elu egwuregwu saber fencing.

Mma-agha-ya si malite bụ a dueling ngwá agha. Pụta nke duel ike kọwaa a shot ọ bụla nke ozu. Ya mere, ọ dị oké mkpa ka o buru ụzọ na-echebe onwe gị na omume si lunge. Otu ụkpụrụ ahụ na-rụrụ n'elu n'ime oge a fencing.

Rapier mbụ mepụtara ka a ọzụzụ ngwá agha. Ya mere, ọnọdụ nke na-alụ na ihe ndị kasị na-agabiga na fencers. Ọ bụ ya na fencing foils amalite. Women ozugbo nwere ikike na-alụ ọgụ na na rapiers. Ebe ọ bụ na ngwá agha bụ ìhè, ọbụna ụmụaka nwere ike ijikwa ya. Itunanya bu na, fencing n'ihi na ụmụ anyị ga-ele anya ka ọ dị ala. Ihe dị otú ahụ dị ka a "kenkwucha izi ezi" nwekwara we si na-egbo mkpa nke ọgụ ọzụzụ, nke bụ iji kwadebe a onye na-ata agha.

Iwu

Ọ bụrụ na onye na-eme egwuregwu na-ebili n'ihi na sideline agha dịkarịa ala otu ụkwụ, ọ na-ọdịda a mma nke 1 mita. Nke a pụtara na ndị agha na-maliteghachiri nsannsan 1 mita si mebiri nke ebe kwupụta dara. N'ihi ya, ọ na-aghọ a mita obere ohere maka ichighaazu. Ọ bụrụ na a fencer ịrịọchitere maka azụ akara, na-iro gbatara n'otu isi ihe. Nke a na-akpọ a "ntaramahụhụ prick." Na fencing adịghị anakwere:

1. Ndị agha na-agba ọsọ.
2. Kpachaara anya aru kọntaktị.
3. Push onye iro.
4. Bugharia azụ onye iro.
5. ịfụ egbe n'ala.
6. Ihe ọ bụla edinam na ya free aka.

Gbaa n'ọnụ na ogwe aka, na-agbalị idozi ya na-ebu ọzọ na-eme na-aju na enweghị ikike nke onye-ikpe. Ịhapụ ubi wepụ nkpuchi enweghị ihe kwesịrị ekwesị iwu bụkwa agaghị ekwe omume. N'ihi na ụma na-eme ihe megidere nke iwu na-eme egwuregwu na-enweta ntaramahụhụ kaadị.

Yellow kaadị nyere ma ọ bụrụ na a fencer ịdọ aka ná ntị a na-agbala. Ọ bụrụ na onye na-eme egwuregwu na-agbasa iwu a ugboro abụọ, e gosiri ya na-acha uhie uhie kaadị. Ọ dịghị mkpa, ọ ugboro ugboro ya iwe ma ọ bụ mere ndị ọzọ. A red card, dị ka megide odo, ọ bụghị nanị na-egbochi, ma-ata site ntaramahụhụ ogwu ogbugba. Na nwa kaadị e nyere na oké imebi nke iwu, unsportsmanlike omume na ọ bụrụ na fencer megharịa mebiri maka nke ọ e ọdịda a red card. Black kaadị egosi disqualification.

Olimpik

Fencing dịwo anya ihe akụkụ nke Olympic Games. The oge a Olympic Games bụ ruo 18 na-eme egwuregwu, na abụọ n'ime egbughị. The otu mejupụtara ma ndị ikom ma ndị inyom. Olympics omume na-agụnye onye na otu asọmpi niile atọ ụdị ngwá agha, nke ka oge a fencing. Women dị ka nke ọma dị ka ndị ikom, ike agha na mma-agha, rapiers na sabers. Ihe omume na-agụnye 10 ụlọ, 6 nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na 4 otu. Ikpeazụ Olympic Games na Rio Russian Fans ji nganga na-ele fencing. Men merie abụọ kwuo, mgbe ndị inyom na - atọ gold, otu ọlaọcha na otu ọla. Na n'ozuzu nrite standings Russian fencing otu bụ na mbụ.

Junior fencing

Fencing maka ụmụaka taa mepụtara na-adịghị ala karịa ndị ọzọ na egwuregwu. The ngalaba na-emekarị iri na ụmụ site 9 afọ. Na ezi na ụlọ akwụkwọ ha na-akụziri bụghị naanị usoro na eme nke ọgụ, ma ndidi kwupụta iro. Ruru Eru ngalaba nke fencing bụ na ọ bụla isi obodo. Enweghị a sparring fencing ga-aghọ a mere Battle pupụtara.