Fluorescent oriọna - bụ ihe? Types of fluorescent oriọna

Na January nke afọ a, ụlọ ọrụ General Electric (ge) mara ọkwa ndị nchupu nke US ntọhapụ nke kọmpat fluorescent oriọna site na njedebe nke 2016-nke. The ọhụrụ Ikanam technology na-ekpochapụ site na ya ụzọ nwere oge na-aghọ maara fluorescent, dị ka mgbe ọ kwaturu "eze" nke incandescent oriọna, mepụtakwara site nchoputa Thomas Edison ge.

N'ihi ya, ihe a fluorescent oriọna?

Fluorescent oriọna - a mercury orùrù oriọna nke ala nsogbu ngwaọrụ nke na-ahụ anya ìhè radieshon na-eji fluorescence. Eletrik na gas excites mercury Alụlụụ, nke na-amalite emit ìhè na ultraviolet nso nke na-akpata luminescence esịtidem phosphor mkpuchi.

Ndị na-esonụ ụdị nke fluorescent oriọna: oyi cathode na electroluminescent ọkụ mmalite.

na-ekpo ọkụ mmalite

The kasị bụ oriọna na-ekpo ọkụ mmalite. The ìhè isi nke ụdị mejupụtara a iko bọlbụ jupụtara ihe inert gas (a argon) nke ala nsogbu. Na nke ọ bụla n'akụkụ nke bọlbụ bụ a tungsten electrode. The ụgbọ dị arọ nachi ike electrodes. The ochie oriọna e ji agba ọsọ na-Starter. The oge a ojiji nke electronic ballasts.

Ha dịtụ yiri bọlbụ. Mbụ luminescence emepụtara site na a kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ tungsten eriri igwe, ma mgbe ahụ, otu electric orùrù na a ngwakọta nke mercury Alụlụụ na inert gas bụ ultraviolet radieshon. Of akpan akpan mejupụtara nke na-ekpuchi mgbidi karama, amịkọrọ ultraviolet ìhè na-ewepụtarịrị anya ìhè. Ọ na-akpọ a phosphor na a ngwakọta nke site-dabeere ogige. N'ihi ya, ìhè mmepụta ndị a oriọna karịrị ike incandescent ìhè ọtụtụ ugboro. Filament na-aga n'ihu na-egbukepụ egbukepụ na na na njedebe nke mgbanye, ma naanị ịnọgide na-enwe n'ahụ.

Ka ịmepụta electric orùrù mkpa elu voltaji. Colder karịa ndị bọlbụ, na elu na ọnọdụ. Ma n'ihi na elu-etoju nke dị ize ndụ n'aka "na-ekpo ọkụ na-elu-" nke karama iji belata nchegbu e mepụtara.

Otu kpo oku usoro bụ iji a Starter. Mgbe voltaji na-etinyere na-agbapụta n'ahụ oriọna na-udo, heats na bimetal kọntaktị. Ndi ana-akpo na-emechi ya shunt, na ihe eletrik heats na tungsten electrodes, nke, n'aka, bụ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na ionized inert gas. Dajụrụ, na bimetal kọntaktị ga-emepe, udia niile voltaji na ike na electrodes nke trotul. Ọ bụrụ na ndị orùrù anaghị eme eme, mgbe ahụ, usoro a ugboro ugboro. Mgbe oriọna mgbanye Starter ịgbanwee anya, ebe ọ bụ na ya iguzogide nnọọ elu karịa ndị plasma eguzogide.

Na oge a na usoro, ngwa ngwa mmalite electrodes na-ewe iwe nọgidere, na aak na-butere ebe ngosiputa ma ọ bụ ịmalite warara.

Fluorescent oriọna nke oyi cathode

Holodnokatodnye fluorescent oriọna - bụ ngwaọrụ cathode okpomọkụ adịghị nnọọ 150 ° C tụnyere 900 ° C na-ekpo ọkụ-mmalite oriọna. Operating voltaji - 600-900 V, akpalite na - 900-1600 V. The ìhè enwupụta ionized gas, nke dị mkpa iji n'ịwa a elu voltaji. Agbapụta n'ahụ pụtara na mmebi nke mbara n'etiti electrodes. The gas na oriọna na nkịtị ọnọdụ bụ a dielectric, ma na electric ubi, electrons na ion amalite ime. Mgbe a dị elu voltaji electric ubi accelerates ebubo ahụ mere na ha na ikukota na gas ụmụ irighiri, ha akụ aka electrons si. Ọhụrụ kere ion na electrons dị ka na-tinye n'ọrụ na ionization: nnukwu usoro-aghọ.

Oriọna na-ekpo ọkụ mmalite agbapụta n'ahụ bụ ihe aak, na oyi na-atụ n'ahụ isi mmalite nke ìhè - egbukepụ egbukepụ. Mercury nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbanwe site na a mmiri mmiri ka a gaseous ala. The electrons ikukota na mercury atọm, ebute ntọhapụ nke ike ma na-ufiop radieshon na ultraviolet mpaghara. Light enwupụta na phosphor ntekwasa n'ime bọlbụ. Mercury ewepụtarịrị photons nke ejikere site atọm, ịba ụba ya ike electrons. Mgbe electrons laghachi mbụ ala nke site atọm radiate ìhè ike.

electroluminescent oriọna

Light emission na electroluminescent oriọna bụ n'ihi na Itie ihe ọkụ ugbu a kpọmkwem site na a site-nwere ihe na mmetụta nke ndị na-abụghị kwes n'ịtụgharị eletrik n'ime ìhè. Nke a pụrụ isi kwuo ya na-eji na ìhè-emitting diodes (ikanam) na organic ìhè emitting diode (OLED). Electroluminescent oriọna dị iche iche si ìhè-emitting diodes na ke akpatre ìhè-enwupụta na pn nkwụsị - nkwụsị n'etiti abụọ Semiconductors, na na mbu ìhè-enwupụta n'elu oyi akwa nke activator.

The elu voltaji nwetụ eletriki ugbu a na-gabiga a mkpa oyi akwa site ma ọ bụ okporo ọkụ, nke utịp ke ìhè emission ha. Abụọ n'ígwé nke solids, otu onye nke bụ uzo, ime ihe dị ka electrodes, na phosphor ntụ ntụ ma ọ na-eduzi ya therebetween glows mgbe electrons gabiga ya.

arụmụka

• Ndị a ọkụ ngwaọrụ nwere ike na-eje ozi ọtụtụ iri ugboro aba karịa incandescent oriọna nyere a kwụsiri ike ọkọnọ enweghị ịrịba voltaji fluctuations na ịmachi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke inclusions. Mgbe electrodes isure ma crumble pụrụ iche mejupụtara nke na-echebe tungsten filament ekpo oke ọkụ na-enye ihe n'ahụ kwụsie ike, nke na-ebelata ndụ nke ìhè isi. bọlbụ na-agwụ daa mbà n'obi, na oriọna blinks.
• The ìhè mmepụta nke fluorescent oriọna kwa watt odika 3-4 ugboro aba karịa incandescent bulbs.
• Ha ịdị iche iche na agba, ha emission ụdịdị dị iche iche bụ nso ka anyanwụ.
• Gbasasịa ìhè si ofụri elu nke bọlbụ, kama a tungsten filament.

cons

• The dịtụ elu na-eri.
• Fluorescent oriọna - a nwere isi iyi nke ihe ize ndụ, ebe ọ bụ na onye ọ bụla bọlbụ nwere 5 mg nke mercury, nke dị na-egbu egbu na ike na-emebi ahụ ike na gburugburu ebe obibi.
• Agbapụta n'ahụ oriọna ndị chọrọ nlezianya ka ala na elu okpomọkụ. Ike na-arụ ọrụ na okpomọkụ n'okpuru -20 ° C na n'elu +50 Celsius C.
• Chebaara iru mmiri.
• On oge, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-ewe oge na-emesapụrụ oriọna.
• Ọhụrụ n'ihi na ụdịdị dị iche iche nke ìhè, n'ihi na a distortion nke agba. Ọkụ na a ugboro ugboro abụọ mains ugboro.

ibiere nhọrọ

1. The ụdị na akụkụ. Glass karama na cartridges dị nnọọ iche na ndị a kwa. A nkịtị ụdị fluorescent oriọna bụ ogologo tube. Ya dayameta bụ a otutu nke onye-asatọ nke ihe inch. N'ihi ya, na nke nke oriọna 1 inch n'obosara - T8. Size àmà site T2 ka T17. Kọmpat fluorescent oriọna, dị ka a na-achị, nke dị n'ụdị ihe a Na-ekara na gburugburu. N'ezie, ọdịdị nwere dịghị mmetụta oriọna ọrụ, ma ndị gburugburu ihe nakawa etu esi na-a bit ọzọ dị oké ọnụ n'ihi na ha bụ ihe siri ike Nlụpụta.

2. Malite. Ekwe Omume Starter, electronic ma ọ bụ akpa dị arọ.

3. Ike. Ọ na-àmà si 3 85 watts. The luminous agbanwe oge nke incandescent oriọna site 3-4 ugboro ala karịa nke fluorescent, otú họrọ ndị dị mkpa ike ga-dabere na chọrọ ihie. Fluorescent oriọna onye ike bụ hà 25-30 W, dochie obychngye 100W eletriki. Iji dochie 75 watt ezu ike ịzọpụta ìhè isi 9 watts. A fluorescent oriọna onye ike bụ 15 W, nwere ike dochie ihe incandescent oriọna nke 60 watts.

Isiokwu mmekọrịta luminous agbanwe oge na ike oriri nke dị iche iche nke oriọna ga-enyere ịghọta niile nuances.

4. Cap. Common ụdị ndị:

• bayoneeti B;
• ịghasa (Edison) socle E;
• otu-kwadoro abụọ-biri G.

The nọmba mgbe letters egosi a dayameta nke okpu ụdị B ma ọ bụ E, ma ọ bụ na-anya n'etiti kọntaktsị na mm oghere pịnye G.

Ihu ọma na Chandeliers na oriọna iji a kọmpat fluorescent oriọna na ihe E27 isi n'obosara nke 27 mm na EPS E14 dayameta nke 14 mm.

5. Ìhè agba. Ọ kwekọrọ na okpomọkụ nke a nwa ahu radiating na a ụfọdụ chromaticity. Na-amụba okpomọkụ, acha anụnụ anụnụ na akụkụ nke ụdịdị dị iche iche na-abawanye, na mbelata red. Hà na kelvins. The nke onye mmetụta nke a onye na-ele anya ìhè a na-agba, na-akpọ a na agba sensashion. Isi agba nke ìhè na kwekọrọ ekwekọ agba nghọta:

• 2700 K - sverhtoply ọcha;
• 3000 K - Ọkụ White ìhè;
• 3,500 K - ọcha ìhè;
• 4000K - oyi ọcha ìhè;
• 5000 K na ndị ọzọ - ìhè.

6. The agba rendition. Na-egosi otú obi anya gburugburu akpọkwa ke lamplight. Hà ọnụọgụ Ra agba. Light isi mmalite na hà chromaticity nwere ike dị iche iche na agba mmeputakwa ruru ka a dị iche iche ụdịdị dị iche iche nke ìhè-enwupụta. N'ihi na ìhè anyanwụ na-akpata bụ 100.

marking

Manufacturers nke luminaires akara ngwaahịa na ụzọ dị iche iche.

Amerịka fluorescent oriọna na-emekarị akara template FxxTy, ebe F egosi ụdị (Engl fluorescent, luminescent.), The mbụ nọmba XX - ma ọ bụ wattage ma ọ bụ ogologo na sentimita asatọ, T -form (Engl tubular, tubular.) Ma ikpeazụ y nọmba - dayameta nke 1/8 inch (3.175 mm).

Ndị na-esonụ bụ akwụkwọ ozi nke agba:

• WW - Ọkụ White, Ọkụ White.
• CW - Jụụ White, Cool White.
• N - Iche, na-anọpụ iche.
• D - Ìhè, ìhè.
• WWX - Deluxe Ọkụ White, na-ekpo ọkụ na-acha ọcha na-elu agba nsụgharị.
• CWX - Deluxe Jụụ White, jụụ na-acha ọcha na a elu agba nsụgharị.
• BLB - Blacklight, ultraviolet.

Ná ngwụsị nke na-akanye ẹkedọhọde atụmatụ nke ngwaọrụ:

• RS - Rapid Malite, a ngwa ngwa mmalite.
• BỤ - ntabi Malite, ozugbo mmalite.
• HO - High mmepụta, elu arụmọrụ.

Ihe e ji mara nke fluorescent oriọna

Ji achọ ìhè General Electric kandụl T2 9W atara na okpu E14 na E27, a elu ọnụ luminous agbanwe oge nke 405 lumen, ọkụ na-acha ọcha na ìhè agba okpomọkụ (2700 K na 6500 K), 82 na agba nsụgharị index Ra. Ọ na-eji na Chandeliers na ndị ọzọ na ọkụ fixtures na a anya bọlbụ na ụlọ, corridors na lobbies nke azụmahịa Ụlọ Nzukọ, hotels, ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, ebe obibi.

Philips ngwaahịa

Master TL-D 90 De Luxe - fluorescent oriọna G13, T8, 93 na a na agba nsụgharị index Ra8, a na agba okpomọkụ nke 65000 K - jụụ ìhè. Dị na atọ nsụgharị:

• 18W / 965 1SL - 18 W fluorescent oriọna na a elu ọnụ luminous agbanwe oge nke 1150 lumens na elu ọnụ luminous nrụpụta ọrụ nke 63,9 LM / W;
• 58W / 965 1SL - 58-watt ìhè na isi mmalite na a elu ọnụ luminous agbanwe oge nke 4550 lumens na elu ọnụ luminous nrụpụta ọrụ nke 77,8 LM / W;
• 36W / 965 1SL - 36 W fluorescent oriọna na a elu ọnụ luminous agbanwe oge nke 2800 lumens na elu ọnụ luminous nrụpụta ọrụ nke 77,8 LM / W.

High agba nsụgharị index-enye gị ohere ahụ ọgaranya, luscious na eke na agba, nke na-eme ka oriọna oké mkpa n'ụlọ ọgwụ, na-ebipụta ụlọ ahịa, mma salons, ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, n'ọfịs dọkịta ezé na-echekwa. Oriọna dị iche elu àgwà phosphor mkpuchi iji a atọ-gbalaga phosphor na fọrọ nke nta ezu enweghị mbenata ìhè larịị.

Master TL-D Xtreme 36W / 840 1SL - Fluorescent Oriọna 36 watt ike, abụọ-pin, jụụ-acha ọcha na agba na a na agba nsụgharị index nke 85 Ra8, a elu ọnụ luminous agbanwe oge nke 3250 lumen ìhè mmepụta iru 90 LM / W. Ya mma bụ na ụba ọrụ ndụ nke 66 000 awa, nke dị mkpa maka ebe ndị dị elu na-eri nke nnọchi oriọna ruru ka elu nke ụlọ, interrupting ọrụ, ma ọ bụ ebe na ìhè na mgbe niile na - na tunnels, mmanụ rigs, na-aga n'ihu mmepụta.

Master pl-C 18W / 830 / 2P 1CT - abụọ-biri fluorescent oriọna 18-watt ike na G24d-2-anya, na-ekpo ọkụ na-acha ọcha na agba nke 3000 K, a na agba nsụgharị index nke 82 Ra8, a elu ọnụ luminous agbanwe oge nke 1200 lumen, gosiri luminous arụmọrụ 67 LM / W. Ezubere maka general efefe ọkụ ke ntụrụndụ iche, retail na ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ. Fluorescent oriọna Philips Master pl-C eji mbụ akwa technology na-emesi obi ezigbo ịrụ ọrụ, oti mkpuchi ka mma na elu arụmọrụ. A abụọ-nlereanya nwere a mbughari isi na a na-eji na EMPRA.

Energy-oru oma ìhè na isi mmalite si Osram

Osram arụpụta kọmpat fluorescent oriọna 18 W DSST FCY 18 W / 825 E27 ọkụ na agba 2500 K, a na agba nsụgharị index nke 80, a luminous agbanwe oge nke 1050 lumens na katrij E27. The ngwaọrụ bụ ike idi a nnọọ ukwuu nke na-amalite cycles - tupu 1 Mill.

Osram Lumilux T9 C - 29 mm na a katrij ihe annular oriọna G10Q, gosiri ike 22 W, agba okpomọkụ 2700 K, agba nsụgharị index nke 80-89, a elu ọnụ luminous agbanwe oge nke 1350 lumens na elu ọnụ ìhè mmepụta 61 LM / W. Ọ e mere maka ụlọ ọha, ụlọ nri, ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ ahịa, Ahịa, hotels. Ọ e ji arụmọrụ, ezi mma nke ìhè magburu onwe ìhè mmepụta, ọbụna ọkụ enweghị onyinyo. Hapụrụ ihie ukpụhọde.

L 36 W / 840-1 - 1 linear mita oriọna, fluorescent, 36W, anya G13 isi, na agba okpomọkụ nke 4000 K, a elu ọnụ luminous agbanwe oge nke 3100 lumens, 80 agba nsụgharị index Ra, elu ọnụ luminous arụmọrụ 86 LM / W. Ezubere maka na ọkụ nke ọha iga.

Endura 70 W / 830 - electrodeless ìhè isi Osram 70W, a gosiri luminous agbanwe oge nke 6200 lumens ọkụ na-acha ọcha na agba okpomọkụ 3000 K, agba nsụgharị index na luminous 80-90 Ra 80 LM / W. Ọ na-eji maka ọwara ọkụ, osisi, n'okporo ámá, egwuregwu mgbakwasị. Ji elu anwụ ngwa ngwa (ruo 100 000 h.), Arụmọrụ, elu lumen mmepụta, ozugbo mmalite-elu.

Electrodeless fluorescent oriọna - a ngwaọrụ nke orùrù pụtara na elu ugboro akpa ubi N'ịbụ magnetik cores na karama. Magnetik play ọrụ nke a bụ isi asọfe nke transformer, na gas orùrù - abụọ. Njirimara fluorescent oriọna nke ụdị na-ebelata ka sledyuschemu: ngwaọrụ ndị anụ, ha na-a ogologo oge ruru ka enweghị ebube electrodes.

DSST mmetụta cl A 15 W / 827 E27 - fluorescent oriọna ike nke 15 W, na luminous agbanwe oge nke 870 lumen, ọkụ na-acha ọcha na ìhè okpomọkụ nke 2700 K. Nwere elu arụmọrụ n'ihi akpaka nkwụsị ke uwemeyo. Ọ na-zubere maka mpụga were naanị.