Fluoroplastic: nkọwa, GOST

Polyacetal - a sịntetik polima ihe ọtụtụ ndị na-eji na-chemical, eletriki na nri ụlọ ọrụ bụ isi dị ka coatings. Ya uru na-agụnye isi ojiji nke a obosara okpomọkụ nso na a ala ọnụọgụ nke esemokwu.

Definition na Types

Fluorines na-ezo aka ọtụtụ ụdị nke fluorine-nwere plastik. Ọtụtụ mgbe na ulo oru na ezinụlọ na-eji polytetrafluoroethylene. Dabere na emeputa, nke a ihe nwere ike na-akpọ dị iche iche. Ke ọpụrụiche na-echekwa Russia rere gụnyere dị polytetrafluoroethylene. Ihe mere na USA, na-akpọ "Teflo" na England - "Flyuon" na Germany "Gostaflon". Anyị na Russia na ọ na-mara dị ka Teflon-4.

Ọzọ iche ihe a na-adịghị ebe-agbasa, ma ewu nnọọ ewu. Ha bụ:

• Polytrifluorochloroethylene (PTFE-3);
• Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PTFE-2);
• Ọzọ copolymers nke fluorinated ethylene.

usoro nke rụpụta

Na-niile a umu site chemical n'aka. N'eziokwu, ha na-Polymers nke fluorine atọm na-kwukwara. N'ihi ya aha n'aha-ha.

Fluoroplastic-4 na-synthesized dị ka a na-acha ọcha ntụ ntụ wee enwe ma sintered na elu okpomọkụ. Ọzọ ụdị nke a na ihe onwunwe na-abụkarị na-akwadebe site quenching.

Ke imewe nke ọtụtụ ọgbara ọhụrụ ngwaahịa na-eji bụ Teflon. Nkọwa n'ezie dị ebube. Uru nke a na ihe onwunwe na-agụnye:

• High chemical eguzogide. PTFE-4 anaghị igbari ọbụna na esi aqua regia.
• Inertness na ala porosity.
• The nnọọ ala esemokwu ọnụọgụ. Nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ na PTFE na-anọgide fọrọ nke nta ahụ na niile okpomọkụ.
• Magburu onwe dielectric Njirimara. Nke a insulator ihe onwunwe na-anọgide ọbụna na 200 Celsius c.
• Kwụsie ike. Chemical Njirimara nke fluoroplastic-4 adịghị agbanwe na okpomọkụ ruo -300 c.
• Ire ọkụ na-eguzogide - ọzọ uru nke a na ihe onwunwe dị ka Teflon. Njirimara (a okpomọkụ na-eguzogide polima ji ike onwe-emenyụ) ekwe ka ọ na ya iji na-ebe nke elu ọku ize ndụ.
• Gas tightness.
• Biocompatibility. Nke a na ụdị plastic a na-eji na-eme ka eze.

ọghọm PTFE

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na ihe onwunwe bụ nnọọ elu mma na ọ fọrọ nke nta eluigwe na ala - Teflon. Ọ nwere àgwà dị nnọọ ebube. Ma, n'ezie, o nwere ihe ndọghachi azụ ụfọdụ. Iji ndị na-agụnye:

• High oyi oruru. Nke a ihe onwunwe bụ dịtụ egbochi ndị ojiji nke PTFE na ngwá electronic.
• The ike igbunye emerụ bekee mgbe ewe iwe n'elu 300 c.
• Large tụnyere ndị ọzọ Polymers, na ibu ibu adịghị kwa mma wear eguzogide.

ebe eji

Fluorine plastic na-eji ọtụtụ ebe nke aku na uba. Ọtụtụ mgbe ọ na-eji:

• Na akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ. Ebe ọ bụ na esemokwu ọnụọgụ nke ihe dị nnọọ obere, n'ihi na ọ na-emepụta elu-edu biarin, esemokwu nkeji, support ụkwụ na na. D.
• Na ọkụ na ngwá electronic ọrụ. Insulator Teflon nwekwara bụ magburu onwe. Ya mere, ọ na-nnọọ na-eji ke imewe nke Gịnị, sekit mbadamba, electronic components na na. D.
• Na nkà mmụta ọgwụ. Na mgbakwunye na prostheses na implants mere nke Teflon akpa maka na ịchekwa ọbara na plasma. Mere nke ya na nkwakọ maka ọgwụ.
• Na nri ụlọ ọrụ. Nke a ihe onwunwe nke ọma ruru eru, n'ihi na ihe atụ, n'ichepụta akụ maka inyefe mgwakota eji na bakeries, mmiri ara ehi ekesa mgbapụta, wdg ke n'ime n'elu Teflon pans - .. Ọ na-a ụdị fluoroplastic.
• Mgbe gbakọta mmiri ọkpọkọ na siwa usoro (FUM-teepu).

N'ihi ya, ihe bụ a nnọọ elu ina, na ụfọdụ nanị irreplaceable - Teflon. Njirimara (ya applicability bụ nnọọ sara mbara), nyere maka ọbịa, anyị na-atụle n'okpuru.

esemokwu ọnụọgụ

Nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ na PTFE bụ nnọọ obere. The kinetic na static ọnụọgụ nke esemokwu na ígwè na ọ bụ naanị 0,04. Otú ọ dị, dị ka ekwuola, PTFE - ihe adịghị kwa inogide. Ya mere, ọbụna mgbe 100 na-aga n'elu Njirimara iche iche. Na nke a static ọnụọgụ nke esemokwu enwekwu ruo 0,13, na kinetic - ruo 0,08.

Dabara irreversible mgbanwe fluoropolymer elu ma na dị nnọọ elu eji ọsọ. Na nke a, na esemokwu ọnụọgụ na-amụba site 2-3 ugboro. The uru nke a index nwere ike ịdị iche na nke na okpomọkụ fluctuations.

Polytetrafluoroethylene ebelata ọnụọgụ nke esemokwu nwere ike, mgbe ibu na-abawanye. N'ihi ya, ihe atụ, na a nsogbu:

• 20-30 n'arọ / m ^2, uru nke a index - 0,1;
• 150-300 n'arọ / m ² - 0,02.

The ihe onwunwe bụ adụ ezuru - Teflon. E ji mara ya dị otú ahụ na mgbe na-eji maka n'ichepụta ihe atụ, biarin, ọ dị mkpa iji tinye powdered fillers. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ Coke, iko emep uta eri, molybdenum disulfate, na na. D.

ngwa anya Njirimara

The mkpa fim nke Teflon kpamkpam Site n'ibu ìhè, ie uzo. Ọ na-ele ihe ahụ dị ka polyethylene. Na oké fim a ihe a na ìhè.

Egosi fluoroplastic nghọta ka UV ụzarị dị ka dịgasị iche iche nke 2000-4000 A, maka infrared - wavelength sitere na site 2 to 7,5 μ.

N'ebe okpomọkụ

Mgbe ewe iwe n'elu 327 degrees fluoroplastic ya kristal na-ebibi, adịru oge ọ na-aga n'ime amorphous ụdị. Nọmalị oké akụkụ mere nke a na ihe onwunwe bụ opaque. Mgbe ntughari ka ndị amorphous ụdị PTFE amalite unu kpamkpam na-ebunye ìhè. Na nke a, ihe onwunwe abụghị viscous na ukwuu na-agbanwe. Mgbe ewe iwe na 415 degrees C na n'elu ya decomposition usoro amalite. Nke ahụ bụ viscous Teflon anaghị eme eme n'oge ọ bụla okpomọkụ.

Nke a na-emetụta ndị n'ichepụta usoro technology nke ya akụkụ. Polyacetal (Standard nkọwa akowa na kacha ziri ezi) apụghị-eji maka nhazi site ot ụzọ plastik. Dị ka ihe atụ, a ngwaahịa arụpụtara ya nime ya site injection ịkpụzi ma ọ bụ extrusion agaghị ekwe omume. Ịmịpụta akụkụ na mmiri mere site na nke a ihe onwunwe site sintering technology eji "mbadamba" compacted na ala okpomọkụ.

chemical Njirimara

Fluoroplastic-4 bụ a na ya anụ umi. Nke a ihe onwunwe anaghị igbari ọbụna nnọọ ike ike bekee - diluted na ike asịd. Enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla na ya na lekwasị alkaline ngwọta.

Naanị ihe ọ na-adịghị anabata kọntaktị - bụ ihe ngwọta nke alkali metal na amonia na elemental fluorine na chlorine trifluoride. Ọ na-egosipụta mmetụta nke ndị a ọgwụ na elu okpomọkụ.

mgbasa ruru

On a oke Teflon F4 e ji mara kwa bụ oké. Otú ọ dị, ya ọnụọgụ nke mgbasa dịgasị na okpomọkụ. Dị ka ọ na-ẹwụtde ke okpokoro.

recrystallization

Dị ka ekwuola, otu n'ime drawbacks nwere PTFE (onye nkọwa bụ n'ozuzu mma), a zuru ezu elu ogo oyi oruru. Na omume, nke a na-agbanwe agbanwe na ụdị ngwaahịa mere na ya na dị elu nsogbu. Ọ bụrụ na ha na-eji na-adịghị kwa okpomọkụ - si na 80 100 degrees C, na nke ibu ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe karịrị 10 n'arọ / m ^2. Na a elu nsogbu na ngwaahịa ga-anọgide na-ahụ anya deformation. Na-amụba okpomọkụ ga-belatara na ibu.

Ọ bụrụ na a siri ike nsogbu (100-200 n'arọ / m ²⁾ sample mere nke polytetrafluorethylene, nwere ike anuahade n'ime a efere enwe usen ọkpụrụkpụ 3-5 ugboro dabere na-okpomọkụ. Mgbe deformation nke ihe onwunwe na-ejikarị anaghị eme eme ya cracking na e nweghị ndị ọzọ unan.

Na table n'okpuru otu onye nwere ike ịhụ ihe na nke a fluoroplastic nkọwa (mkpakọ n'okpuru ụfọdụ ibu).

Fotoroplast nwere ike etinyere maka n'ichepụta akụkụ-eji, na na ukwuu karịa 30 n'arọ / m ² nsogbu. Otú ọ dị, na nke a na-ewu pairing nke ọnụ na ngwaahịa kwesịrị dị ka oké. Ọ na-adịghị ekwe ọnụnọ ke ya nke cavities ma ọ bụ ịrịba gaps. Na nke a, na fluoroplastic ga-enweghị ebe ọ bụla agbanahụ. Teflon onwunwe - bụghị kwa-agbanwe. Ya mere, iji nweta a snug kwesịrị ekwesị, ọ na-kwukwara na mmepụta nke roba. Mgbe ụfọdụ nkwụsị ọnụ na-eji pụrụ iche spring compensators.

Fluoroplastic: oru nkọwa

Na mmepụta nke PTFE-4 compulsorily kwetara na ihe ndị a chọrọ nke GOST 10007-80. -Esonụ na tebụl na-egosi ndị kasị mkpa physico-chemical Njirimara nke a ihe onwunwe.

Ebe a bụ ihe dị otú a magburu onwe Teflon-4 nkọwa. Njirimara nke ihe a ekwe ya na ojiji maka imewe nke kasị mma akụkụ.

Brand PTFE-4

Dị ka ekwuola, polytetrafluoroethylene - kacha ewu ewu ụdị nke ụdị Polymers. Ugbu arụpụta ọtụtụ ụdị nke PTFE-4:

• F-4PN. Eji maka imewe nke elu pụrụ ịdabere.
• 4D-F. Eji na mmepụta nke n'ozuzu nzube ngwaahịa.
• F-4D. Of PTFE na-eme ka a ika mkpa-walled tube, mkpuchi maka Gịnị, hoses na FUM teepu.
• F-4D. Nnọọ manufacturable ihe onwunwe na-eji maka imewe kpọmkwem size.

Teflon mpempe akwụkwọ

Ngwaahịa nke ụdị ndị nke ukwuu na ina na oge a na ụlọ ọrụ. N'ihi na mmepụta nke-egbochi ihe, mgbochi esemokwu na oru ngwaahịa dị nnọọ mma polima dị ka Teflon, e ji mara. Akwukwo version of ya n'ichepụta technology na nkewa n'ime:

• ihe akara "C" (sliced);
• akara "P" (enwe).

Sale nke ndị dị otú fluoroplastic apụta enweghị eriri igwe. ya ọkpụrụkpụ a na-kpebisie ike site na steeti ọkọlọtọ na, dabere na obosara nwere ike 2-4 mm.

Teflon, onye ahụ dị dị ukwuu - oge a na ihe onwunwe na-eji maka imewe nke a dịgasị iche iche nke akụkụ na mmiri. Tụnyere ot plastik ya nwere otutu uru. Ma ndị PTFE na isiokwu ya nile, na anya nke na-elu àgwà chọrọ, ga-mere na ike dị GOST.