FSUE Khrunichev. Khrunichev. Roskosmos. Khrunichev State Research na Production Space Center

Federal ala unitary enterprise Khrunichev. Khrunichev, kere 1993, mmakọ nke abụọ na isi ụlọ ọrụ na mba na aerospace ụlọ ọrụ - KB "Salyut" na igwe-ụlọ na osisi aha mgbe Khrunichev, ọ dị mkpa ọ bụghị nanị na ịnọgide na-enwe ma na-ewusi ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na nkà na ụzụ nwere na kpamkpam dị iche iche na ọnọdụ nke aku na uba nke mba ahụ, ma na- mma ọrụ arụmọrụ nke mere na ọ bụ omume na-na-abanye ụwa ohere ahịa.

mwekota

A pụrụ iche omume, nke mma ndị ọchịchị nke Russian Federation na-haziri a atụmatụ maka mmepe nke niile na ngalaba nke ohere ụlọ ọrụ, melite na mgbanwe na mmepe nke na-azara ọnụ ụlọ ọrụ na 2001. Ọ bụ dị na ya na-kere ndị kasị ibu integrated Ọdịdị dabeere Khrunichev. Khrunichev - chepụta ma wuo a arọ-klas igba egbe ugbo ala.

The isi ọrụ bụ iwekota ichebe nile dị na nkà mmụta sayensị, oru na ulo oru nwere nke enterprise, inye arụmọrụ nke ọha ị nweta, nke na-enye gọọmenti etiti uwa usoro.

ogbugbu nke iwu

Na 2007, e nwere a president iwu banyere nke a gọọmenti etiti steeti unitary enterprise. Khrunichev. Khrunichev ruo ọnwa iri na-arụ ọrụ na reorganization na mgbakwunye na nke anọ ọzọ alaka dị ka Federal State Unitary Enterprise, ebe na-eduga ọrụ bụ Federal Space Agency na Federal Agency for Federal Property Management.

Ekele iso dị ka mmekọ nke mmepụta mkpakọrịta "Flight" Moscow enterprise maka nnweta nke akụrụngwa, "Ogologo", ndị Voronezh Mechanical Plant, na mgbe e mesịrị Bureau of Chemical Engineering ha. Isayev, a president iwu e rụrụ kpamkpam.

iru-elu

O sina dị, na 2008 Khrunichev. Khrunichev enwetara a ịchịkwa eto na Perm enterprise "Proton-PM". E mepụtara ha Rd-276 - mmiri mmiri rọketi Motors, mee dị ka a ike unit nke mbụ ogbo rọketi "PROTON M" (arọ klas). Na na 2009 na Khrunichev. Khrunichev maka ọzọ president iwu natara mbak nke Chemical Automatics Design Bureau - a ụwa ndú na e kere eke nke rọketi engines, a so nnọọ niile manned ohere omume nke mba anyị.

Nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị oge a, oke onwem nnyocha na mmepụta mkpakọrịta, ike nke na-enye dum okirikiri nke a rọketi engine (mmiri mmiri rọketi engine) maka ozize na maka sayensị na akụ na ụba mba - a Design Bureau of Chemical Automatics. Dị ka akụkụ nke FSUE Khrunichev. M. V. Hrunicheva KBKhA ọ na-emepụta ihe kasị mma engines, mepụtara Rd-0124A eji dị abụọ na nke atọ nkebi nke Kacha ọhụrụ Russian igba egbe ugbo ala. "Angara" ihe atụ, n'ime orbit si cosmodrome Russian ugboelu arọ na klas.

History na ọdịdị ala

Na 2011, o bipụtara a president iwu, si, dị ka nke FSUE Khrunichev. M. V. Hrunicheva nwetara a alaka ọhụrụ - FSUE "UKVZ Kirov". Ugbu a a akụkụ nke mbara center na-agụnye, na mgbakwunye na nke dị n'elu, ọzọ RHM (Kaiser na Space Factory), KB "Salyut" ZERKT (ọrụ ohere engineering osisi), Eq, na n'ji ngwongwo (osisi ọgwụ technology na n'ji ngwongwo).

Total Khrunichev State Research na Production Space Center nwere itoolu alaka na asaa dị iche iche ebe, na-ekpuchi dum mba - Moscow na mpaghara - Moscow, Vladimir, Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Arkhangelsk, Voronezh, na ugbu a na Crimea.

VRP na n'ji ngwongwo

Nke a factory e guzobere n'oge nineties na a na-akpọ na-arụ ọrụ na ihe e kere eke nke elu technology n'ihi na mmepụta nke elu-tech elu-edu ngwaahịa nke Biomedical engineering, ebe mkpa bụ ígwè na akụrụngwa maka ọzụzụ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-elekọta ngalaba nke hyperbaric oxygenation na hypoxia. Dị ka ihe atụ, e nwere otu oxygen mgbali ulo, pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, dị ka ndị fọdụrụ nke rọketi na ohere technology. Kpamkpam pụrụ iche technology isi na-aga nke ọma na ahụmahụ nke ukwuu ruru eru mkpara na mpaghara ebe a-ekwe na nke kasị nso-ekwe omume oge ịzụlite, hazie mmepụta na ntọhapụ nke a usoro nke pụrụ iche ngwaọrụ ahụike, dị ka barosistemy BLKS-307 BLKS-303MK, BLKS-301M.

Ejikwara site iche iche engineering Eq na n'ji ngwongwo ndị agha n'ụlọ ọgwụ: na Burdenko, Vishnevsky, na Interior Ministry na Federal Security Service nke Russian Federation, Institute of Sklifosovsky, NC nke Surgery, Emmanuel Sechenov, ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ike oru. High ntụkwasị obi nke ngwaahịa na-enweta site ma technology na akara usoro, nke dị oké mkpa na mmepụta nke ohere technology. A osisi a dị na: Moscow, Novozavodskaya n'okporo ámá, 18.

ZERKT

Nso bụ ọrụ ebe aku na ime nke rọketi na ohere technology. Isi ebe n'ịrụ ọrụ ndị na-esonụ:

1. Akwadebe igba egbe rọketi (igba egbe ụgbọala) na igba egbe na saịtị.
2. Ebe ị na-ewu na-arụ ọrụ na ndị spaceport okụre maka ILV (Space akụ ụta ebe) "Rokot" na "Proton".
3. Osisi ọrụ ga na-ahazi ọrụ na-ekere òkè na ha overhaul na nwughari nke UK (igba egbe ụlọ ọrụ) na Baikonur Russia ( "Rokot" na "Proton").
4. Ebe a bụ ihe e kere eke na ime ihe nke AAC (ohere rọketi mgbagwoju) "Angara".

The osisi management na osisi management na Moscow (Novozavodskaya Street), na ókèala nke Khrunichev. Na Kazakhstan na Baikonur "cosmodrome" dabeere ụgbọ elu-ule isi. Ọzọkwa na Arkhangelsk region agba nke abụọ ụgbọ elu-ule isi na cosmodrome "Plesetsk".

RHM

Enterprise "Roscosmos" ga-enwe ike na-arụ ọrụ na zuru enweghị ndị dị otú ahụ a elu-tech factory, dị ka a ohere rọketi. Technology kacha elu na ihe ọmụma-kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, jikọrọ mmepụta.

Ọrụ dị na mmepụta nke: Steel, mpempe akwụkwọ-ígwè, na ide, machining, ngwá ọrụ, nzukọ a na ịgbado ọkụ, nchịkọta-nzukọ, electro-chemical, kwes na agba coatings, chemical akụkụ-egwe ọka, roba na ngwaahịa, ọtụtụ ndị mejupụtara ihe na plastsmass, Gịnị, pneumatic agụụ ule na nile di iche iche na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ihe. Ndị dị otú ahụ a dịgasị iche iche nke ọrụ na-enye a obodo, ebe ụlọ ọrụ ndị sonyere na ndị ọzọ "Roscosmos".

All mmepụta na-gbaara na-ekwe ka ngwaahịa ga-esi kachasi ọkwa nke pụrụ ịdabere na àgwà. Nke a factory bụghị nanị na-emepụta ngwá ahịa maka njikere mere Eserese, ma ịzụlite okwu nke akwụkwọ, na oru ngo onwe gị niile oru ngwá ọrụ nke ẹdude mmepụta n'ibu.

Rọketi na ohere ụlọ ọrụ

Russian ụlọ ọrụ "Roscosmos", nke akara dum mba ohere ụlọ ọrụ, e guzobere akakabarede Federal Space Agency. Na malitere ya stellar ụzọ Ministry of General Machine Building, mgbe ahụ, e nwere ọtụtụ eke nwughari, mwekota na enterprise na nnyocha òtù, nke bụ ugbu a na ya mejupụtara. Kasị nke uwa nnyocha na daring rụzuru mere n'oge Soviet oge.

Office "Roscosmos" na Moscow, na ụgbọ elu akara center - na Queen ma kwadebe cosmonauts na Star City. Ma obodo ndị na n'okpuru Moscow. "Roskosmos" na-eji atọ cosmodrome "Plesetsk", "East" na "Baikonur". Agafee nkwado na ohere ụlọ ọrụ nke mba ndị ọzọ, rụrụ na-orbit nnyefe nke Satellites, astronauts na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ ọnụ na ISS, na nnyefe nke ndị mba ọzọ na ebe anamde "Roskosmos". The ụlọ ọrụ bụ isiokwu dum aerospace ụlọ ọrụ.

akara

The Soviet oge nke na-arụ ọrụ nke Ministry of General Machine Building bụ n'ezie pụrụ iche. Russia aghọwo a ezigbo ohere ike site mbụ wuru satellite, ulo oru na October 1957, photos nke dimkpa astronauts nkịta Belka na Strelka, na-agbasa n'ụwa nile na November 1957. N'ikpeazụ bịara on April 1961, mgbe nwoke mbụ ama n'ime oghere - Yuri Gagarin. Ọ dịghị obere ọṅụ a hụrụ na 1965 na Alexei Leonov mbụ ije nke ụgbọ mmiri n'ime oghere na ụwa. Na mgbe ahụ anyị gara ogologo ship "Buran" na orbital ebe "Mir".

Na 1991, ndị Ministry e reorganized na njikọ na ida nke USSR na dị ka isi nke Ministry abuana ke kuu. Part nke akpọkwa ohere ụlọ ọrụ bụ na ókèala nke ọzọ na-ekwu. The ego nsogbu na-adịghị ekwe ka mepụta ochie management nlereanya na oyiri ụlọ ọrụ na ngwá. Ministry of General Machine Building kagburu. Na 1992, ndị RSA (na Russian Space Agency, na-akọ ozugbo na Government nke Russian Federation na-amachi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọrụ na abụọ na narị abụọ na iri abụọ na ndị mmadụ na e guzobere.

Space njem

Ego maka ohere research bụ na nnukwu ụkọ, n'ihi na ihe ọzọ na ngwọta nsogbu a chọtara. M na-akwado ohere njem. Na 2001, na a azụmahịa ndabere na ohere nke iri isii e zitere Dennis Tito, wee asa ọzọ dika njem nleta n'etiti oké ọgaranya. Station "Mir" site na mgbe na-arụ ọrụ thrice n'obi ndụ ya na miri dị na South Pacific.

na-ewu nke cosmodrome "East" na oru na 2010, na ọnwa isii mgbe e mesịrị ndị mmadụ malitere iji free map ọrụ - "Roscosmos Geoportal". Site 2015, ndị ọhụrụ kere ụlọ ọrụ ibu nke nsogbu, post-perestroika afọ. Nhazigharị chere onwe si àgwà nineties - opacity ego na management atụmatụ, na ọbụna-onwunwe, e nwere ala site ida Minobschemasha. Ebe nke ọrụ "Roscosmos" amụbawo nke ukwu. Na April 2016, mbụ igba egbe si cosmodrome "East".

isi ihe aga-eme

"Roskosmos" Corporation na-enye mmejuputa iwu nke ala iwu, iwu iwu, na-enye ọrụ na-ejisie ihe onwunwe nke na State na ubi nke ohere na-eme.

Iji nweta mba co-operation, nkwonkwo oru na mmemme, na-arụ ọrụ na ngwá agha metụtara agha na ohere na ngwá agha ọ nke usoro ebe. Otú huu parity na geopolitical uru n'elu emegide.