Gamete bayoloji - ọ bụ ... Ihe kachasi mkpa nke echiche nke

Gamete - bụ ahụ ndu mmekọahụ mkpụrụ ndụ na-ebu otu set of chromosomes. Gametes ekere òkè bụ isi na njikọta spam na nwa ebu n'afọ na mmepe. Tụlee ahụ mmadụ, ọ bụla somatic (na-abụghị omumu) cell na bụ 46 chromosomes, ya bụ diploid. Naanị na izizi sel, gametes, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke chromosomes bụ 23. Mgbe ndị a na mkpụrụ ndụ a gwakọta, a zaigọtụ a kpụrụ na a zuru set nke chromosomes.

Usoro a ga-atụle ihe zuru ezu n'okpuru. Na mbụ nyochaa n'ụzọ zuru ezu, ihe bụ gamete usoro ndu. Nke a izizi mkpụrụ ndụ dị mkpa maka amụba. Ma ihe bụ nke ya Ọdịdị na Mmebe? Ka anyị na-amụ ajụjụ a n'ụzọ zuru ezu.

gametogenesis

Gametogenesis - gamete maturation usoro ke idem. Ọ na-ezo aka spermatogenesis (na ụmụ nwoke) na oogenesis (na nwanyị). Gametogenesis bụ ugbu ke ndụ okirikiri nke multicellular anumanu na osisi: algae, dịkwa ka usoro ha, ụmụ ahụhụ, ụmụ nnụnụ, amphibians, mollusks, mammals.

Mmebe nke gametes

Female gamete bayoloji - bụ egg. Ọ na-guzobere n'ihi nke oogenesis. Nwere egg ọkọnọ nke nri dị mkpa maka mmepe nke zaigọtụ mgbe njikọta. Ha na-kwụụrụ na budata (banyere 100,000 ugboro) Excel size nwoke mmekọahụ mkpụrụ ndụ.

Nwoke gamete bayoloji - a spam. Ndị a na mkpụrụ ndụ bụ nnọọ obere karịa nke nne gamete. Ha nwere flagella na-eme ka spam motility na-eme ka nkwalite nke nwanyi izizi mkpụrụ ndụ. Na ụmụ ahụhụ spam nwere flagella, ma ọ bụ kama isịneke na-achị.

The foto dị n'okpuru ebe na-egosi na ihe oyiyi nke nwoke na nwaanyị gametes - àkwá na spam.

The ndu ọrụ

Gịnị bụ gamete bayoloji? Definition na ọrụ ama na e kwuru, anyị ga-emeso ha ndu ọrụ. Gametes ekere òkè bụ isi na amụba. Merging, nwoke na nwanyị gamete na-etolite a zaigọtụ - onu na a full diploid chromosomes. The mmadụ egg bụ nanị otu ụdị nke chromosome - X. Ebe ụmụ nwoke nwere na X- na Y-chromosome spam bụ akụkụ X na akụkụ - Y chromosome. Dabere na ihe ụdị spam ka ifatilaiza ihe egg na-adabere na mmekọahụ nke nwa. XX chromosomes encode nwanyị, XY - nwoke.

Ozugbo njikọta, na zaigọtụ amalite itolite na ike. Inside a ịmụpụta egg bụ a na ngwaahịa nke nri n'ụdị egg nkochi ime akwa. Zaigọtụ bụ a oge ga-ke-adịghị ejekwa ozi na steeti, na-eke ihe na adịghị ịzụlite tupu mmalite nke mma. Nke a na ụdị na mmepe bụ ihe e ji mara ụfọdụ osisi.

Site na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke egg nri na-ekewa n'ime aletsitalnye (na-enweghị nkochi ime akwa) oligoletsitalnye (na a obere ego nke nri), mezoletsitalnye (nkezi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nri), poliletsitalnye (na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nkochi ime akwa). Ọ nwere ike kwubiri na gamete bayoloji - a mmekọahụ cell, na-enweghị amụba n'etiti ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu nke a nyere umu.