General akụ na ụba na ala ji mara Africa. Njirimara nke eke ebe Africa

The isi ajụjụ nke isiokwu a - ọ bụ ihe e ji mara nke Africa. Ihe mbụ mkpa ka ị mara - Africa akụkọ a ise nke ala uka nke mbara ala anyị. Nke a na-egosi na Afrika bụ nke abụọ kasị ukwuu, nwere nanị ibu Asia.

Africa bụ ndị e ji amata anyị na-atụle si dị iche iche n'akụkụ abụọ, anyị maara na mba, eke ebe, zones, ndi na eke ego. Africa nwere ihe karịrị mba 50, na ndị ọzọ kpọmkwem 55 nabatara kewaa Afrika n'ime ndị na-esonụ na mpaghara:

• North.
• Tropical.
• South Africa.

Ya mere anyị na-enye a akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ, ma ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị e ji amụ agbaso a dịtụ iche nkewa:

• North.
• South.
• West.
• East.
• Central.

Chịrị na ahịa ohu

Africa Njirimara-agaghị ekwe omume na-enweghị aha nke chịrị na ahịa ohu. Chile, tupu anyị, ahụhụ karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ si colonial usoro. Ya disintegration malitere naanị ke fifties, na ndị ikpeazụ ógbè kagburu naanị na 1990, ọ na-aha Namibia.

Africa Njirimara na ezi ntule EGP mba, nwere ike ime ka a dịgasị iche iche nke ibiere, ma anyị na-isi - n'iru ma ọ bụ enweghị ohere na oké osimiri. Ebe ọ bụ na Africa - na ọ bụ a mara mma nnukwu na Afrika, mgbe e nwekwara a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mba ndị na-adịghị landlocked. Ha na-na-erughị mepụtara ugbu a, mgbe ndị na ida nke colonial usoro, na mba niile bụ kwụụrụ. Ma e nwere wezụga, nke rube isi na monarchical ụdị:

• Morocco.
• Lesotho.
• Swaziland.

eke ego

General e ji mara Africa ma na-enye analysis nke eke ego nke Afrika, nke ọ bụ oké ọgaranya. Main Africa akụ na ụba - eke ego. Gịnị na-emepụta nọ n'ókèala a na-akparaghị ókè na Afrika:

• Mmanụ.
• Gas.
• Iron ore.
• Manganese ore.
• Uranium ore.
• Ọla kọpa ore.
• Gold.
• Diamonds.
• Phosphorite.

Ya mere, ihe bụ a n'ozuzu e ji mara nke Africa? N'ihi ya, anya, azịza ya bụ nnọọ ike, na anyị maara na Afrika bụ ọgaranya eke ego na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke mba ndị dị anya site na oké osimiri, nke slows ala mmepe ha. Site n'iru minerals ama karịsịa South Africa, a na-agaghị amịpụtara mmanụ, eke gas na bauxite.

The mmiri na ego nke mba obere mkpa, dị ka e nwere ọdọ, dị ka:

• Victoria.
• Tanganyika.
• Nyasa.

osisi

Forest na Africa esetịpụ ihe karịrị iri percent nke ngụkọta ebe nke obodo. Ọ bụ nke abụọ naanị Latin America na Russia. Ugbu a ndị a Equatorial ọhịa na-ifịk ifịk egbutu, nke na-eduga ná ozara nke ókèala. Njirimara African mba, ya bụ, ndokwa nke Agro-igwe na abukari ego, nwere ike ghara hụrụ n'ụzọ doro anya, n'ihi na a otutu okpomọkụ na mmiri bụ mkpumkpu. ọhịa ebe na-ekpuchi ihe dị 8.3 nde square kilomita. Dị ka ogo na ọdịdị nke oké ọhịa oke na Africa nwere ike kere n'ime mpaghara:

• Northern (subtropics).
• Western (okpomọkụ).
• East (ugwu na ebe okpomọkụ).
• Southern (subtropical).

bi

Na Africa, anyị nwere ike ịgụ banyere narị ise agbụrụ na agbụrụ, bụ isi mma nke ndị bi na nke Afrika. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha emewo n'ime mba, ebe ndị ọzọ ka na-anọgide na-na mba ozo. Kasị nke Afrika na-ekwu, bụ ndị si ọtụtụ mba, ndị ajị ajị ókè n'etiti ha (adịghị iche otu mba ọzọ), na nke a na-eduga ná agbụrụ esemokwu.

Banyere eke ibu ke Africa nwere kasị elu ọmụmụ ọnụego, karịsịa ná mba ụfọdụ:

• Kenya.
• Benin.
• Uganda.
• Nigeria.
• Tanzania.

Ebe ọ bụ na elu dị ka ọmụmụ na enwe, mgbe ahụ, ọ nkwenkwe-eto eto afọ Ọdịdị. Peoples biri n'ụzọ na-ekwekọghị, e nwere a kpamkpam n'enweghị onye bi na ebe (na Sahara), ma e nwere ebe a na-lekwasị izugbe bi, dị ka Egypt. N'ihe gbasara mmepe obodo, ọ mbụk mepụtara mere na ọ na-etolite obere ijeụkwụ, ugbu a na Africa, na iri abụọ na pasent nke obodo-millionaires.

mpaghara

Ebe ọ bụ na Afrika nwere dịtụ ewepụghị teren, ma a akụkụ buru ibu na-emi odude n'etiti okpomọkụ, mgbe ahụ na e akpọ zoning. Gịnị bụ ihe e ji mara nke African mpaghara? Nzọụkwụ mbụ bụ na ya kee ihe niile n'ókèala iche. Next ga-nyere nkọwa zuru ezu nke zones nke Africa. N'ihi ya, ntọhapụ belt:

• Equatorial.
• Subequatorial.
• Tropical.

Ọ ga-kwuru Otú ọ dị, na abụọ nke Equatorial ọhịa dị iche alternately agbanwe-iru mmiri ọhịa, savannas, woodlands, ịkpa, ọkara kpọrọ nkụ, subtropical ọhịa, ma ha na ọnọdụ na ikwu na ndịda ma ọ bụ n'ebe ugwu bụ abụghị otu.

Equatorial belt

Nke a bụ a pụtara nnukwu ebe, nke enyene ebe nke na Gulf of Guinea na ịda mbà n'obi na Congo. The iche mma - a isua gburugburu njupụta nke Equatorial ikuku pụta. The okpomọkụ na-nọ n'agbata 24 na 28 degrees, na e nweghị mgbanwe nke a kara aka. Ọdịda emee ezi mgbe na evenly ofụri 365 ụbọchị. Kwa Afọ mmiri ozuzo nke elu 2.5 puku millimeters nke ọdịda.

Weere a zuru ezu akparamagwa nke eke ebe nke Africa bụ-agaghị ekwe omume na-enweghị banyere eziokwu ahụ bụ na a na mpaghara bụ iru mmiri Equatorial n'oké ọhịa. Ọ mere na n'ihi otu ihe ahụ kwa ụbọchị ọdịda. N'ehihie na mpaghara egwu okpomọkụ, nke a na-facilitated site coolness nke mgbede, mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụ oké ifufe.

subequatorial

The n'ihu anyị pụọ ụwa, ndị na-erughị na mmiri zoo n'ebe ahụ. Ke adianade do, subequatorial belt nwere ike n'ụzọ doro anya kewara abụọ a kara aka:

• Ezo.
• Akọrọ.

Ebe ọ bụ na oké mmiri ozuzo dị ezughi oke, ọ pụrụ hụrụ ndị dị otú ahụ a onu - oké ọhịa nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie ụkọ, na ha, n'aka nke ya, na-ghọọ Savannah. Anyị ekwuola na alternates abụọ a kara aka, otu akụkụ na-adịkwaghị mmiri ozuzo mere ka ikuku pụta si ụwa na ndị ọzọ na n'oge a na e nwere a oké ọkọchị, n'ihi na e nwere na-adịkwaghị ikuku pụta si n'ebe okpomọkụ.

okpomọkụ

Ihe e ji mara nke eke ebe Africa nwere na-agụnye a nkọwa nke ebe okpomọkụ belt. A anyị na-ugbu a n'ihu. Dị nnọọ mara na belt nwere ike kewara abụọ zones:

• N'ebe ugwu nke subequatorial.
• South Africa.

A pụrụ iche mma - akọrọ ihu igwe, ala ọdịda. All a na-eme ka e guzobere n'ọzara, na-Savannah. Akọrọ ifufe-enwe ebe a n'ihi na anya si n'oké osimiri, kari na anyị na-aga miri n'ime Afrika, na hotter na drier ikuku na ala.

The kasị desert na okpomọkụ latitudes - ọ bụ Sahara. Ebe ọ bụ na ikuku nwere obere ájá, na nke ehihie na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ adahade n'elu iri anọ degrees, a onye ebe a na-nnọọ ike. All otú ahụ karị, n'abalị okpomọkụ nwere ike idebe dịkarịa ala iri abụọ degrees, ma ọ bụ gaa na-ezighị ezi ọgụgụ.

subtropics

The idụhe ke akụkụ a nke dị iche iche a kara aka, na oge okpomọkụ dị ọkụ, na oyi ọdịda. Ma n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Africa, adịkwaghị a iru mmiri subtropical ihu igwe, ọ na-akwalite edo nkesa nke ọdịda. Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na subtropics na-kewara abụọ zones:

• ndịda;
• n'ebe ugwu.

Gịnị mere e nwere mgbanwe ihu igwe? Summer na-adịkwaghị ikuku pụta si n'ebe okpomọkụ-sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ, na oyi - a agafeghị oke latitudes. Subtropics dị iche na e na-emi odude Evergreen ọhịa. N'ókèala a na-ennobled site ndị ọrụ ugbo, otú ahụ mbụ n'ụdị ndị a latitudes bụ fọrọ nke nta-agaghị ekwe omume na-ahụ.