HCG na ha ọrụ

Homonụ na-raznostrukturnyh organic bekee ike nke na-emetụta ịrụ ọrụ nke ahụ mmadụ. Gonadotropic homonụ emetụta ọrụ nke omumu usoro. Ha na-synthesized na ihu pituitary gland na si n'ebe na-secreted n'ime ọbara.

The homonụ nke ihu pituitary

The pituitary gland na-kewara abụọ n'akụkụ: n'ihu ma n'azụ. Kpọmkwem n'ihu homonụ synthesized na secreted n'ime n'ọbara. The posterior n'ọnụ ọnụ nke pituitary gland, ha si hypothalamus na secreted n'ime ọbara na n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.

Gonadotropic pituitary homonụ na-akpali mmekọahụ glands. Ndị a gụnyere:

• FSH - follicle-akpali akpali hormone. Ọ na-akwalite oogenesis na spermatogenesis. Bụ a mgbagwoju protein (glycoprotein) nke na-emi esịnede amino asịd esonyere carbohydrates.
• LH - luteinizing hormone. Ọ na-akwalite ntọhapụ nke ndị egg si ovary na-emetụta ndị secretion mmekọahụ homonụ (estrogen, progesterone) na ndị ikom na-akpata secretion nke androgens. The ego nke hormone dịgasị n'oge ịhụ nsọ okirikiri, e nwere a proportional na synchronous secretion nke a ụfọdụ ego nke FSH na LH.

hormone mmepụta a rụrụ gonadotropah (basophilic mkpụrụ ndụ) adenohypophysis. Ha na-eme banyere 15% nke niile sel nke ihu n'ọnụ ọnụ.

Pregnancy hormone - HCG

Ọ bụrụ na njikọta spam na nkunye nke ovum na eriri akpa nwa mgbidi a nwanyi ahu ebido na-emepụta kpọmkwem pituitary gonadotropic homonụ ọkọnọ chorionic gonadotropin.

The hormone ọrụ bụ ịnọgide na-enwe corpus luteum ọrụ (nhọrọ nke estrogen na progesterone) zuru maturation nke Plasenta. Ọ na-enye elu luteinizing utịp ke idem, nke n'ụzọ dị ukwuu karịa ndị FSH na LH.

Structural atụmatụ nke homonụ

The ndu ọrụ nke homonụ na-enye a pụrụ iche Ọdịdị nke na-agụnye abụọ subunits. Akpa, a-subunit, nwere fọrọ nke nta ka yiri Ọdịdị na niile gonadotropins, mgbe b-subunit enye a pụrụ iche n'ebe ndị hormone.

N'otu n'otu, ndị a subunits adịghị ibu ọ bụla mmetụta na organism, ma mgbe ha na-ejikọrọ, nyere ha ndu-arụ ọrụ na mmetụta dị oké mkpa Filiks nke ihe organism, akpan akpan nke omumu usoro. N'ihi ya, gonadotropic homonụ nwere otu ihe dị mkpa mmetụta ọ bụghị nanị na-enwe mmekọahụ okirikiri, ma na-na endocrine Filiks na ụkpụrụ nke mmiri ọgwụ itule.

Ka homonụ emetụta ahụ

Kemgbe oge ochie, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwara amụ ndu ọrụ nke homonụ na mmetụta ha na ahụ mmadụ. Gonadotropic homonụ nwere oké mmetụta na usoro nke ahụ mmadụ. Ya mere, na-amụ ihe nke ha usoro nke edinam dị ezigbo mkpa na-akpali ajụjụ. Na-eduzi nnyocha na kpọrọ hormone hụrụ na mkpụrụ ndụ na-enwe ike ịmata ihe ụfọdụ homonụ na-ekekọta naanị kpọmkwem mkpụrụ ndụ.

The usoro nke nkịtị na cell na rụrụ site na-enwe akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ ndụ n'ime protein molekul - ihe nnabata. Intracellular n'ikuku akọ steroid homonụ, dị ka ha na-banye n'ime n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ na mmetụta na ya ọrụ. Akpụkpọ ahụ n'ikuku e ji mara nke protein homonụ na-ekekọta na cell akpụkpọ ahụ mkpuchi.

Nkịtị nke hormone ihe nnabata protein na-akwalite guzobe nke mgbagwoju. A na ogbo na-ewe ebe na-enweghị aka nke enzymes, na bụ reversible. Steroid homonụ tinye cell, jikọtara na ihe nnabata. Mgbe mgbanwe kpụrụ mgbagwoju abatakwa cell ntọala ma na-akwalite e guzobere a kpọmkwem RNA na cytoplasm nke enzymatic njikọ nke ahụ na-eme ka mmetụta nke homonụ na cell.

Gonadotropic homonụ: ọrụ na mmetụta na omumu usoro Filiks

FSH ọrụ esịmde kasị elu na nwanyị. Ọ-akpali uto nke follicular mkpụrụ ndụ ndị na-n'okpuru nduzi nke GSIK ghọọ egosipụta na chara n'onwe tupu ovulation ogbo.

N'okpuru nduzi nke na-abawanye na uka nke SFS ovaries na testes. Otú ọ dị, ọbụna na iwebata nke wuru sịntetik hormone gaghị ekwe omume ime ka mmepe nke interstitial anụ ahụ, nke na-emetụta ndị secretion nke androgens nke testicular okike.

GSIK maka ovulation na guzobere ovarian corpus luteum. Ọzọkwa na njikọ na follicle na-akpali akpali hormone ọ na-emetụta ndị secretion nke estrogen. N'okpuru nduzi nke hormone na-akpali interstitial mkpụrụ ndụ, e nwere a uto nke akụkụ ahụ maka nke abụọ mmekọahụ mara.

The ndu mmetụta nke LTG

LTG dị yiri nnọọ ibu hormone. Mgbe laabu ule mata na ha bụ ndị na otu molekul, onye ahụ nwere ike ghara họrọ n'otu n'otu, onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a homonụ. The LTG ọrụ gunyere mmiri ara ehi secretion na progesterone. Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na ndị a na Filiks na-mere site na mmekọrịta nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke homonụ, ebe ọ bụ na ikpughe ahụ naanị LTG atụmatụ ndị a adịghị egosi.

Ya mere, n'ihi na oke nke mmiri ara ehi na-achọ ndị na-esonụ homonụ:

• FSH na GSIK - eme ka ndị secretion nke estrogen na ovaries;
• n'okpuru nduzi nke ibu hormone na estrogen bụ a uto nke mmiri ara ehi ducts;
• LTG akpata secretion nke progesterone na corpus luteum;
• Progesterone akpali ntozu nke mammary gland na alveolar-lobed larịị.

Gonadotropic homonụ na-achọ mgbe nile na mmekọrịta iji hụ na zuru ọrụ nke ahu na ya niile na usoro. Ọ bụ ya mere a iche iche mmetụta nke ọ bụla n'ime ha (na ikpe nke ochichi nke sịntetik homonụ) anaghị eme ka ndị na-atụ anya Jeremaya mere.

hypothalamic hormone

The hypothalamus releases gonadotropin atọhapụ n'ime ọbara-hormone. Ọ nwere a polypeptide Ọdịdị na-emetụta secretion nke pituitary homonụ. Ruo n'ókè dị ukwuu ọ na-emetụta ndị luteinizing hormone, na follicle mgbe ahụ. GnRH na-emepụta na a doro anya oge etiti oge, ndị inyom, ha mbio 15 na 45 nkeji (dabere na okirikiri), na na ndị ikom na ndị hormone secreted site ọ bụla 90 nkeji.

Na wuru sịntetik hormone ndinọ site a dropper imebi ọrụ secretion nke homonụ, nke na-dị ka obere ime secretion, na mgbe ahụ na - na a zuru ezu cessation nke mmepụta nke gonadotropins site ihu pituitary.

GnRH ikpughe usoro na organism

GnRH mmalite enye ihu pituitary n'ọnụ ọnụ, nke mkpụrụ ndụ (gonadotropins) nwere GnRH ihe nnabata kpọmkwem maka secretion nke FSH na LH homonụ, nke, n'aka, na-emetụta ọrụ gonads.

Ntuziaka Nne na Nna-akpali maturation nke spam na egg sel, LH emetụta secretion mmekọahụ homonụ (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone). N'okpuru nduzi nke mmekọahụ homonụ mkpụrụ ndụ nke omumu usoro chara n'onwe na ndị dị njikere maka njikọta.

Na ókè ngwa ngwa orùrù-Filiks nke spermatogenesis na oogenesis ekenyela inhibin akpali gonadotropic homonụ nke ihu pituitary gland na-akwalite akwụsịlata na maturation Filiks nke gametes site ihe na follicle na-akpali akpali hormone.

Gịnị mere iji gonadotropic preparations

Esiwanye nkịtị na ọgwụ na ahụ ike na-eme omume site na-ewebata wuru homonụ. Na ụfọdụ endocrine ọrịa ma ọ bụ ọrịa nke omumu usoro nke a onye na-eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe gonadotropins. Ha ochichi ka a ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ na-emetụta mmepụta nke mmekọahụ homonụ na Filiks aa ke idem.

Ọ bụrụ na njikọ nke gonadotrophins nwere ike ịzụlite ụfọdụ endocrine ọrịa (ime na mbụ trimester, mmekọahụ obere nwa, mmekọahụ infantilism, panhypopituitarism na Sheehan si syndrome).

Iji guzogide ihe pathologies, ọbara na-ekenịmde nnyocha na analysis of ya mmiri ọgwụ mejupụtara. Mgbe ahụ prescribers ndị dị mkpa iji weghachi kwesịrị ekwesị itule nke homonụ na, ya mere, ụkpụrụ nke dị mkpa Filiks ke idem.