Igor Stravinsky: biography na foto

Igor Stravinsky, bụ onye akụkọ ya dị n'isiokwu a, bụ onye edemede Russia, onye pianist na onye nduzi. Ọ bụ onye nnọchianya nke modernism music. Igor Fedorovich bụ otu n'ime ndị nnọchianya kachasị elu nke nkà ụwa.

Biography

N'afọ 1882, na June 17, a mụrụ Igor Stravinsky. Nkọwa dị mkpirikpi nke nne na nna dere ya na-enye echiche nke ebe nwa okoro ahụ nwere ọchịchọ dị otú a maka egwu. Nna ya - Fedor Ignatievich - bụ onye na-akpọ opera, soloist nke Mariinsky Theatre, Onye Na-asọpụrụ Ya nke Russia. Mama Anna Kirillovna bụ mama pianist. O weere òkè n'egwuregwu nke di ya dị ka onye na-eso egwuregwu. Ezinụlọ ahụ kwadoro ndị na-ese ihe, ndị na-agụ egwú na ndị na-ede akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ha. Onye na-agakarị Stravinsky bụ FM Dostoyevsky. Kemgbe nwata, Igor Stravinsky na-etinyekwa aka n'egwú. Edere foto nke nne na nna na-edeba aha na isiokwu a.

Mgbe ọ dị afọ 9, onye na-ede ihe n'ọdịnihu malitere ịkụzi ihe piano. Mgbe Igor Fyodorovich gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, nne na nna ya siri ọnwụ na ya ga-enweta ọzụzụ iwu. Onye na-ede akwụkwọ n'ọdịnihu a na-amụ na Mahadum St Petersburg na nke yiri nke a, na-amụ akwụkwọ banyere egwu na usoro mmụta. Nanị ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agụ akwụkwọ ya bụ ihe ọmụmụ nke onwe ya, nke Igor Fyodorovich si na Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov si. N'okpuru ndu nke nnukwu nwoke a. Stravinsky dere akwụkwọ mbụ. N'afọ 1914, Igor Fyodorovich hapụrụ ezinụlọ ya na Switzerland. N'oge na-adịghị anya, Agha Ụwa Mbụ malitere, n'ihi na Stravinsky adịghị laghachi Russia. Otu afọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, onye dere ya kwagara France. Kemgbe afọ 1936, Igor Fedorovich malitere njem na United States na njem. Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ malitere, ọ kwagara n'otu ebe obibi na America. Na 1944, M. Stravinsky mere ndokwa pụrụ iche nke ụda US ma rụọ ọrụ na egwu. N'ihi nke a, e jidere ya. E ji ya ụgwọ maka ịgbagha abụ. Onye na-ede ihe n'onwe ya achọghị ịkọwa ihe merenụ ma kwuo na n'eziokwu, ọ dịghị ihe yiri nke a. N'afọ 1945, onye edemede ahụ nwetara amaala America. Igor Fyodorovich nwụrụ n'afọ 1971. Ihe kpatara ọnwụ bụ nkwụsị obi. E liri onye na-ede egwú na Russia nke ebe a na-eli ozu San Michele na Venice.

Ụzọ okike

Dịka m kwuworo n'elu, n'okpuru nduzi nke Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov dere akwụkwọ mbụ ya, Igor Stravinsky. Dere weta ha ka ọha na eze, na otu n'ime ndị a arụmọrụ e gara site Sergei Diaghilev. O toro otuto nke Igor Stravinsky. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọmarịcha ihe ngosi ahụ nyere Igor Fedorovich nkwado. O nyere ya iwu idere egwu maka ballet maka "oge Russia" na Paris. I. Stravinsky jikọrọ aka na S. Diaghilev ruo afọ atọ ma dee oge maka ụlọ ọrụ ya ụlọ ọrụ atọ nke mere ka ama ama ya: "Spring Spring", "Petrushka" na "Firebird". N'afọ 1924 Igor Fyodorovich mere ka ọ bụrụ onye pianist. Ọrụ nke ya - Concerto maka pianoforte na band ọla - Igor Stravinsky mere na onyonyo. Onye nduzi ahụ gosipụtara ya n'ihu nke ahụ. N'ime ikike a, o kwuru site na 1915 rue 1926. Ọ na-ejikarị aka ya arụ ọrụ ya. Ọ dị nnọọ egwu banyere ndị egwu. N'afọ 50-60, e dekọrọ ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya. N'afọ 1962, Stravinsky bịara na USSR.

Ndụ onwe onye

N'afọ 1906, onye dere ya lụrụ nwanne nna - Catherine Nosenko. Ọ bụ alụmdi na nwunye nke ịhụnanya dị ukwuu. Stravinsky anọ nwere ụmụ anọ: Milena, Lyudmila, Svyatoslav na Fedor. Ụmụ wee ghọọ ndị omenkà a ma ama. Fedor bụ onye na-ese ihe, Svyatoslav bụ onye pianist na onye na-ede egwú. Nwa nwanyị Lyudmila bụ nwunye onye edemede bụ Yuri Mandelstam. N'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na Catherine tara ahụhụ, Stravinsky hapụrụ maka oyi na Switzerland, ikuku mmiri nke Petersburg nwere mmetụta dị njọ n'ahụ ahụ ike ya. N'afọ 1914, Igor Fedorovich na ezinụlọ ya ga - anọ na Switzerland ruo ogologo oge, ha enweghị ike ịlaghachi na Rọshịa n'ihi ntiwapụ nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ, bụ nke gbanwee. Ihe onwunwe ha niile na ego ha fọdụrụ na Russia, ezinụlọ ahụ furu efu. Ihe Igwe Stravinsky chere na nke a bụ ọdachi. Ezigbo ndị na-ede uri buru ibu, ha nile dịkwa mkpa ka e nye ha nri. Na mgbakwunye na nwunye ya na ụmụ anọ, e nwekwara nwanne, ụmụnne na nne. I. Stravinsky n'oge a akwụsịla ịnweta ụgwọ maka mkpochapụ ọrụ ya na Russia. O mere n'ihi na ọ kwagara. A kwadoro ọrụ ya niile e bipụtara na mba anyị ka ọ rụọ ọrụ n'enweghị ego ọ ga-akwụ onye dere ya. Iji mezie ọnọdụ ego, Igor Stravinsky mere mbipụta ọhụrụ nke ọrụ ya. Ndụ onwe onye nke onye na-ede akwụkwọ abụbeghị akụkọ ifo. A na-ekwu na ya na Coco Chanel nwere mmekọrịta. Mgbe m. Stravinsky fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ ọ bụla, Mademoiselle nyeere ya aka. Ọ kpọrọ onye dere ya na ezinụlọ ya ka ha biri n'obodo ya. Igor Fedorovich biri Mademoiselle Chanel afọ abụọ. Ọ na-akwado nzukọ nke ihe nkiri Mbụ. Stravinsky ma debe ezinụlọ ya. Mgbe onye na-ede akwụkwọ agaghịzi ebi n'ime ụlọ ya, maka afọ 13 ọzọ, Koko nyere ya ego kwa ọnwa. Ihe a niile ma mee ka ha gụọ akụkọ ha. E wezụga nke ahụ, Coco bụ nwanyị na-ahụ n'anya. Ma okwu ndị a enweghi ike idozi eziokwu. I. Stravinsky bụ naanị mmasị ego nke onye France.

N'afọ 1939 nwunye Igor Fedorovich nwụrụ. Mgbe nwa oge gasịrị, Stravinsky lụrụ ọzọ. Nwunye ya nke abuo bu onye maara ihe nke oge ochie - Vera Arturovna Sudeikina.

Oge Russian na creativity

Igor Stravinsky, onye foto ya n'isiokwu a, na nke mbụ nke ọganihu ọrụ ya - ọ bụ 1908-1923 afọ - o dere ọtụtụ ballets na operas. Oge a nke ọrụ okike ya bụ "Russian". Ọrụ niile ọ dere n'oge a nwere ọtụtụ ihe. N'ihe niile, e nwere ebumnobi na agbụrụ nke akụkọ akụkọ Russia. The ballet "Firebird" na-egosi n'ụzọ doro anya atụmatụ ndị dị n'ime ọrụ nke NA Rimsky-Korsakov.

Oge Neoclassical na creativity

Nke a bụ ọhụụ na-esote ọganihu nke onye dere ihe. Ọ nọgidere na 1954. Opera "Mavra" malitere ya. Ihe ndabere nke oge a bụ ịtụgharị uche n'ụdị na usoro na egwu nke narị afọ nke 18. Na njedebe nke oge a, na mmepe nke ọrụ ya, onye na-ede akwụkwọ na-agbanwe n'oge ochie, na akụkọ ifo ndị Gris oge ochie. A na-ede ballet "Orpheus" na opera "Persephone". Ihe nke ikpeazụ nke m. Stravinsky, nke metụtara nchịkọta anụ ahụ, bụ "Rake". Opra a dabeere na ihe osise nke W. Hogarth.

Oge ntanetị na creativity

Na Igwe Igwe Stravinsky nke 50 malitere iji ụkpụrụ nke seriality. Usoro mgbanwe nke oge a bụ Cantata, nke e dere na amaokwu ndị na-amaghị Bekee. Ọ na-egosi ngụkọta polyphony na egwu. Ọrụ ndị na-esote oge a bụ usoro nchebe zuru ezu, n'ime ha onye dere ya hapụrụ ya kpamkpam. "Ákwà nke Jeremaịa Jeremaịa" bụ ihe ngwakọta zuru ezu nke dodecaphonic.

Na-arụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ihe nkiri

Ndepụta nke operas, ballets, akụkọ ifo na ebe ndị ọbụ abụ bụ Igor Stravinsky dere, sị:

• "The Wedding Party" (libretto site Igor Stravinsky).
• "Egwuregwu Ballet".
• "Petrushka" (libretto site A. Benoit).
• Agon.
• "Kaadị egwu" (freetto site Igor Stravinsky).
• "Apollo Musaget".
• "Firebird" (freetto site n'aka M. Fokine).
• "Persephone."
• "Ogbugbu nke Fairy" (freetto site Igor Stravinsky).
• "Pulcinella".
• "Mavra" (libretto site na B. Kokhno na uri a site n'aka Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin).
• "Iju mmiri".
• "Azu banyere otu nkịta ọhịa, oké ọkpa, pusi na ebulu" (freetto site na Igor Stravinsky).
• Orpheus.
• "The History of the Soldier" (libretto site Sh.F.Ramyu, dabere na akụkọ ifo nke Russia).
• "Mmiri dị nsọ."
• "The Adventures of the Rake" (libretto nke Charles Collman na W. Auden na eserese nke W. Hogarth).
• "Oedipus Eze".
• "Nightingale" (libretto nke S. Mitusov dere n'akụkọ ifo nke G. Kh. Andersen).

Ndepụta ọrụ maka ndị ọgbọ

• "Abụrụ Funeral."
• Symphony na C.
• Scherzo na ụdị Russian.
• "Dances Concert".
• Ekele maka ya.
• Symphony Es-dur.
• "Oaks Dumbarton."
• Ihe nkiri maka violin na orchestra na D isi.
• "Ọkụ ọkụ".
• "Circus polka maka nwa ehi".
• Ihe ntụrụndụ.
• "Firebird" bụ ụlọ si na ballet.
• Capriccio maka ndị piano na ndị egwú.
• "Echiche anọ nke ndị Norwegian."
• Egwuregwu Basel.
• Ịgba egwu scherzo.
• Ntughari site na ballet "Pulcinella".
• Ọdịiche dị na ebe nchekwa nke Aldous Huxley.
• Ode.
• Ihe nkiri maka piano, band ọla, timpani na okpukpu abụọ.
• "Nkwagharị" maka piano na ọgbọ.
• Symphony na mpaghara atọ.

Maka ọkpụkpọ

Igor Stravinsky dere ọtụtụ ọrụ choral. N'ime ha:

• "Ihe na-eme ka mmadụ cheta ya."
• "Symphony nke Abụ Ọma" (maka ndị egwú na ìgwè egwú).
• "Ákwá nke Jeremaịa Onye Amụma."
• Cantata "Ozizi, Ụgha na Ekpere" (maka viola, tenor, reciter, choir, na orchestra).
• "Ihe ngosi nke okwukwe" (oru choro n'egwusi egwu).
• Cantata maka poems site na K. Balmont "Zvezdolikiy".
• "Nna anyi" (n'ihi na choro n'enweghi egwu egwu).
• "Ịkwa iko."
• "Ekele Mary, ṅụrịrị ọṅụ."
• Cantata "Babilọn" (maka onye na-agụ ya, ndị na-agụ egwú na ndị egwú).
• A na-abụ abụ dị nsọ n'aha St Mark.
• "Nkume" (n'ihi na otu ìgwè ndị na-agwakọta ya na ụda ngwá agha).
• Cantata na uri nke ndi edere edere na England na 15-16.
• "Podlyudnye" - abụ ndị mba ndị Russia na-egwu maka ụmụ nwanyị.
• Mbụ na amaokwu nke T. Eliot.

Ndepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ

• Ebony egwu.
• Elegy maka viola.
• Iberibe ato maka clarinet.
• "Akụkọ Onye Agha ahụ" bụ ihe si na opera maka violin, clarinet na piano.
• Ngwakọta egwu maka ngwá ifufe, raara onwe ya nye K. Debussy.
• Concert duo.
• Iberibe ato maka quartet string.
• Epitaf gaa n'ili nke M. Egon.
• Nkọwa maka otu jazz.
• Concertino maka eriri quartet.
• Ragtime.
• Ugboro abụọ nke ebe nchekwa nke R. Dufy.
• Enwere ike maka ọkpọ abụọ.
• Septet maka Strings, Winds na Pianoforte.
• Lullaby maka ihe ndekọ abụọ.
• Octet maka ngwá ifufe.

Na ebe nchekwa nke onye dere ya

Igor Stravinsky bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu, nke dị na Oranienbaum. N'ịsọpụrụ onye dere ya, e nyere stampụ ozi na mkpụrụ ego. N'obodo French nke Montreux, e nwere ndị na-ege egwú na-akpọ Igor Stravinsky. Na Mercury planet nwere oghere aha ya n'ebube ya. Aha Igor "Igor Stravinsky" na-eyi nke ụgbọ mmiri ụgbọ njem na ụgbọelu Aeroflot A-319. N'ịsọpụrụ nnukwu onye edemede Russia, a na-akpọ okporo ámá ahụ na Amsterdam, isi iyi dị na Paris, okporo mmiri dị na Lausanne, nke dị na Oranienbaum. Na Ukraine (Volyn) a na-emeghe ihe ngosi nka nke Igor Stravinsky. Na ebe ahụ ebe ọ bụ na 1994, ememme egwú mba nile nke aha onye edemede a, a na-eduzi onye na-eduzi na onye na-egwu pianist.