India: sinima ụnyaahụ, taa na echi. The kasị mma nke ochie na ndị ọhụrụ Indian fim

A ụwa ndú na-eme kwa afọ na mmepụta nke dị iche iche na fim bụ India. Cinema na mba - a zuru ụwa ọnụ ụlọ ọrụ, ịmata na Chinese na Hollywood film ụlọ ọrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na-emepụta akụkọ na feature fim. Indian fim na-egosi na meziri iri itoolu mba gburugburu ụwa. Isiokwu a ga-ekwu banyere atụmatụ nke Indian sinima.

ọtụtụ asụsụ Ọdịdị

The Indian film ụlọ ọrụ bụ multi-lingual agwa. Nke bụ eziokwu na mba na-eji abụọ ukara asụsụ: Hindi na English. Ke adianade do, ọ fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla ala nke India nwere ya na eze ghọtara asụsụ. Na na ọtụtụ akụkụ nke mba (Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Kerala, Karnataka, Jammu na Kashmir, Haryana, Assam, Angra Pradesh, Gujarat) ka fim. Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na Indian film ụlọ ọrụ na-ekewa ke asụsụ mgbakwasị. Na Tollywood iji see na Telugu, na Kollivude - on tomilskom asụsụ. Hindi Bollywood arụpụta ama teepu. India malite kwa afo ugwo karịrị 1,000 movies n'asụsụ dị iche iche.

Genres nke Indian sinima

Na Indian sinima e nwere isi ihe abụọ genre.

• "Masala" - bụ a azụmahịa film kere a dum na-ege ntị. Fim nke ụdị na-ji agwakọta ọtụtụ Genres: romance, ejije, ntochi, thriller. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a osise - yi egwú, gbara megide backdrop nke kasị mma ebe ke India. The ibé a etere nwere ike iyi egwu na gaghị eme. Genre aha ya bụ na nsọpụrụ nke Indian ose mix - masala.

• nkiri "Parallel" - bụ Indian art ụlọ. Ọdịnaya nke ndị a osise dị iche iche mkpa na naturalistic. Na nke a direction, na-eduga Bengali sinima na-eduga ndị nduzi na-- Satyajit Ray, Ritwik Ghatak na Mrinal Sen - kpatara n'ụwa nile ude.

Formation nke Indian sinima

Indian fim wee ìhè na 1899, mgbe na-echebe HS Bhatvadekar ma ọ bụ Sava-Dada, duziri ọtụtụ obere fim. The mbụ feature-ogologo nkịtị picture akpọ "Raja Harishchandra" e wepụtara na 1913. Ya kere bụ Dadasaheb Falke, na-eme ịbụ ma a director, na-emeputa, screenwriter, nchịkọta akụkọ, cameraman na nkesa e kere ya. Na 1910, India e filmed n'elu 25 fim, na na 1930 - 200 fim. Na 1931, na March 14, a tọhapụrụ ndị mbụ Indian ụda egosipụta "Ìhè nke Ụwa." Ọ bụ oké ihe ịga nke ọma. N'otu afọ pụtara na obodo ọzọ 27 fim (22 nke ha - na Hindi), nke rụpụtara na a nkiri nke iti bi na India. mbụ "Destiny" British-Indian film gbara ke 1933. Ya mmepụta bụ ihe dị mkpa ịrịba ama na omenala ndụ nke India - na fim bụ a isusu ọnụ idaha na-agụ akụkọ. -Akpali mmasị, mgbe obodo nweela onwe ya na 1952, a e tiri iwu ahụ na film, nke machibidoro isusu ọnụ na ihuenyo dị ka "rụrụ arụ." India mbụ agba film wee si na 1937. Ọ na-akpọ "onye ọrụ ugbo ada" na oké ihe ịga nke ọma na igbe ọrụ e. Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ merụọ Indian sinima: tightened na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nnyocha, enweghị film sitere. Ma ndị India na-abịakwa na cinemas. The film "Destiny" nọrọ na igbe 192 a n'izu na-nwere oké igbe ọrụ.

The Golden Age of Indian sinima

Golden afọ akpọ heyday nke sinima, nke e ji mara na 1940- 1960 si India. Fim, pụtara na oge a, na-ochie nke genre. The film "Mama India" (1957), gwara site Mehboob Khan natara ọtụtụ enọ na mba film ememme na-na-nominated n'ihi na "Oscar" kacha mma picture na a asụsụ mba ọzọ. The kasị ama nduzi nke oge bụ: Kamal Amrohi, Vijay Bhatt, Bimal Roy, K. Asif, Mehboob Khan. Mezie "Akwụkwọ Okooko osisi" na "Akpịrị Ịkpọ Nkụ", iwere Guru Dutt, esịne ke ndepụta "100 kacha mma na fim niile oge" dị ka a maara nke ọma Western akwụkwọ. Eduga-eme ihe nkiri na-eme ihe nkiri, mmasị nke dum India, bụ: Guru Dutt, Radzh Kapur, Dilip Kumar, Nrụpụta Anand, Mala Sinha, Waheeda Rehman, Madhubala, Nutan, Meena Kumari, Nargis.

Radzh Kapur - a ìgwè mmadụ mmasị

Radzh Kapur mara bụghị nanị dị ka a magburu onwe omee, ma bụkwa ihe pụrụ iche director bụ onye na-kacha mma Indian fim. Ya eserese nwere a ufọk ufene azụmahịa ihe ịga nke ọma. Mezie "tramp" (1951) na "Shree 420" (1955) na-agwa akụkọ nke nkịtị mepere emepe ọrụ India. Ihe nzuzo nke ọma Radzhi Kapura nkiri dị mfe. Ha na-egosi na ndụ na ahụmahụ dị iche iche ndi nke bi dị ka ha. N'otu shot na genre nke ntochi etere merie ya nchekwube na ntatido. A okwu si lyrics ka "Shree 420" n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-akọwa isi agwa nke sere: "Abụ m na sọks of American, British ejiji traụza na nnukwu Russian okpu, na na Indian mkpụrụ obi." Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya, na-ege ntị ike kewapụta si silver ihuenyo. Ya kacha mma ọrụ na-egwuri site Radzh Kapur na ya onwe ya na fim ma nwee mbara ewu ewu ma n'ụlọ na mba ọzọ. Ọ natara ọtụtụ ebu isi nicknames. Ọ na-akpọ "nna nke Indian sinima", "-acha anụnụ anụnụ-eyed isi nke East" na "Indian Charlie Chaplin." Old Indian sinima Raj Kapoor ka na-eme ka-agaghị echefu echefu echiche na-ege ntị.

"Parallel" sinima

N'ụzọ dị iche na azụmahịa film ụlọ ọrụ na India, e nwere a "yiri" sinima. Isi ọrụ e egwuri site Bengali sinima. Best Indian sinima na a genre anya Chetan Anand ( "City na Ndagwurugwu"), The ritvik Gatak (Nagarik) na Bimal Roy ( "Abụọ bigha ala"). Ndị a nduzi atọwo ntọ-ala nke neo-nsiridi na India. Mgbe ahụ Satyajit Ray kere a "trilogy nke Apu" (1955-1959), nke na-enwe mmetụta na ụwa nile sinima. Ya mbụ akụkụ, "The Song nke ụzọ" (1955), bụ nke na-eto eto nke ọtụtụ mba film ememme. N'ihi na ihe ịga nke ọma nke trilogy "yiri" sinima guzosie ike na Indian sinima. Mba ọzọ nduzi (Buddadev Dasgupta, Ego Number, Adoor Gopalakrishnan, Mrinal Sen) malitere agbapụ arthouse fim. Satyajit Ray na ya ndụ nweela n'ụwa nile ude na ọtụtụ film enọ. The akụkụ nke abụọ nke "trilogy nke Apu", wepụtara na 1956, ihe nkiri "Invictus", ndibọhọ na-agbata n'ọsọ "Golden Lion" ke Venice Film Festival na "Golden Bear" na abụọ "Silver Bear" - na Berlin. Indian director Guru Dutt, Ritwik Ghatak na Satyajit Ray atụle kasị ukwuu auteur theorists narị afọ nke 20.

ihunanya thriller

Ná mmalite afọ ndị 1970 nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ ghọrọ fashionable romance na agha ọcha. Foto ndị a na-e, tumadi na Bollywood. Isi dike nke ndị dị otú ahụ na fim bụ "okwu iwe na nwa okorobịa" (oyiyi gụnyere omee Amitabh Bachchan), bụ onye nanị na-emegide ihe ọjọọ na-emeri niile agha ezinụlọ. Movies, n'ụba ahụmahụ na songs na egwú, na a na-egbuke egbuke na ihunanya akụkụ nke ndị ọcha nke karat meriri bụghị naanị India, ma ndị ọzọ na mba nke ụwa. Indian fim "Zita na Gita ',' Raja Jani", "Mr. India", "Disko Naa", "Dance, Dance" na ndị ọzọ ka na-na-atọ ụtọ akafiakde Fans nke genre. The kasị ama-eme ihe nkiri na oge ahụ na oge ndị Shashi Kapoor, Sandzhiv Kumar, Dharmendra, Rajesh Khanna, Mumtaz na Asha Parekh, Sharmila TAGORE, na - Hema Malini, Jaya Bhaduri, Anil Kapoor na Medhun Chakroborty.

oge a eserese

New Indian sinima natara n'ụwa nile ude. Commercial Indian fim ịnọgide na-enweta a-eduga ọnọdụ. Na 1975, hụ na i meziri na-picture nke Ramesh Sippy 'Sholay'. Ụfọdụ ndị na-akatọ na-ekweta ya kacha mma na Indian film ụlọ ọrụ. The nkiri "The Wall" (1975) Yash Chopra nwekwara akwụ ịja mma reviews si filmmakers gburugburu ụwa. Na 1980 ọ natara award "Golden Camera" na ndị Cannes Film Festival teepu Mira Nair si Salaam Bombay. The film natakwara a nomination maka "Oscar". Na 1980-1990-s e kere site sere "The ikpe" (1988), "Burning Rihanna" (1988), "Ihe niile na ndụ na-eme" (1998), "The Game nke Ọnwụ" (1993), "Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge" (1995 ). Ọtụtụ etere socha eduga Indian-eme ihe nkiri: Salman Aamir Khan Khan na Shah Rukh Khan.

Otu nke na-eduga mba ndị na-amị movies na genre nke "yiri" sinima bụ ka India. Film "Betrayal" (1998), kere site screenwriter Anurag Kashyap na gwara site Ram Gopal Varma, bụ ihe ịga nke ọma na kpọpụrụ na a ọhụrụ genre nke Indian sinima - "Mumbai noir". Mumbai ifo na-ekere ke osise "Ịgba egwú na Edge" (2001), "The price ugwo maka niile" (2002), "Life na okporo ụzọ ìhè" (2007) na na.

Atụmatụ azụmahịa sinima

India-amị ọtụtụ fim kwa afo. Cinema na mba bụ mgbe niile evolving. Schedules mgbe apụta ukwuu Indian ìgwè, na ike dị ịrịba ama storyline, ịtụnanya omee na mbụ creativity obula nke sere. Otú ọ dị, a otutu nke film gbara na a template. Stereotypical Mpaghara, na-adịghị ike na nkedo na na. Akpan akpan anya na-akwụ ụgwọ dị otú ahụ etere musical akụrụngwa. Soundtracks ka gụọ ọha mmasị, na-emepụta ogologo oge tupu ndị na foto nke mgbazinye.

A nnukwu akụkụ nke na-ege ntị na India - ogbenye agba nke ndị bi na, mere mgbe ke azụmahịa ịse agwa akara aka nke a onye na ike naanị na-ekwu ya ebe ke anyanwụ. Ukwuu anya na mpe mpe akwa nke ụdị e nyere na-egbuke egbuke na agba, mara mma ekike, music. Nke a na-enyere ọha na eze ichefu banyere ha kwa ụbọchị nsogbu. Ọtụtụ mgbe eme ihe nkiri na azụmahịa sinima mara mma Indian nlereanya: Ayshvariya Ray, Priyanka Chopra, Lara Dutta.