Karl Benz: biography na-akpali eziokwu. Olee ihe mbụ ụgbọ ala na ụwa?

Na nkera nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke 19, ajụjụ banyere ihe ga-abụ ndị mbụ ụgbọ ala ama e kpebiri. Naanị nọgidere edoghị bụ onye ga-akpa ya mepụtara. Multiple ọhụrụ na-arụ ọrụ a. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha jisiri nweta nchọpụta Kemịkalụ maka ha mepụtara n'otu afọ. Onye na-atụle eze ghọtara Okike nke ụgbọala ahụ? Gụọ isiokwu ga-abụ ihe Karl Benz.

Benz - a butere n'aka railwayman

The nchepụta nke agbụrụ e nwere ọtụtụ butere n'aka blacksmiths. Na narị afọ gara aga, a na ọrụ na-achọ ọ bụghị nanị na-ike metal ngwaahịa, ma na-enwe ike chepụta ha, ya bụ ịbụ ma a omenkà na-arụ ụgbọ, nakwa dị ka injinia na Technologists.

Karl Benz bụ nwa otu n'ime ndị a blacksmiths. Na ekele mmepe nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè na German ala Johann Georg Benz ghọrọ a locomotive engineer. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-adịghị anya mere ka ọnwụ ya. Ọnwa anọ tupu a mụọ Charles, nna ya ike na-ejide a oyi n'ime ụlọ na windo na-emeghe, n'ihi ihe ahụ ọ nwụrụ nke oyi baa. Education of n'ọdịnihu nchepụta si mesoo a nne bụ onye a French onye iji.

The mbụ na klas

Na mgbe ihe na nna ya obi ụtọ, obi na nne nwere ike gaghị ewetali ka ya na nwa, Karl Bents, ejikọrọ ndụ ya na ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Ọ hụrụ ya na onye ọchịchị a. Ma nwa okorobịa ahụ na-adọrọ mmasị na Usoro. Ya mere, na ndị Lyceum o nwere mmasị ọmụmụ nke physics na onwu, mgbe mgbe nwayọọ mgbe klas na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ lab.

Craze emewo ka na-arụ nke foto, nke nyere ya ohere na-enweta ụzọ ụgwọ chọrọ ezinụlọ ya. nche idozi ọzọ na-arụ. N'ime oge ahụ, nne ya kwere ya iji kwadebe a studio na n'uko.

technical Training

All omume ntụrụndụ nwa kwenyere nne ya na ọnọdụ nke ihe ukara - adịghị mma na-arụ ya. Na ya ikike Karl Bents banyere Ecole Polytechnique. Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ bụ a na nkà mmụta sayensị engineering center na Germany. E nwere ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-achọta a ọhụrụ engine. Ọ e kwesịrị ịbụ ihe ọzọ na-uzuoku engine.

All echiche na e jikọtara ya na e kere eke nke a dị ike na kọmpat engine, butere na Karl Benz.

Malite azụmahịa nke gị

Mgbe m gụsịrị na Ecole Polytechnique, bụ nke enwetara ọnọdụ nke University, a ọsụ ụzọ biri na Machinery Plant. N'oge ahụ e chere na ọ na mmebe ga-akpa na-arụ ọrụ dị ka a na-arụ ụgbọ maka "quenching".

Karl Benz, onye biography a na-ewere, wee na-arụ ọrụ awa iri na abụọ ndị na-agba ọchịchịrị shop. Mgbe afọ abụọ nke na-agwụ ike ọrụ, ọ nweela ndị dị mkpa ahụmahụ, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm. Mgbe afọ ise gachara Charles bụ a draftsman, mmebe na engineering ụlọ ọrụ. N'oge a ọ na-anakọtara ego maka ha onwe ha azụmahịa. Benz nwere a nrọ ike a onwe-propelled ajụjụ.

A ịrịba mgbanwe ná ndụ ya bụ ọnwụ nke nne na familiarity na-eto eto na Bertha Ringer. Ọ bụ site na a n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya nke a anamusọ eto, nwere nti mmetụta na ha mmepe azụmahịa.

Ya studio engineer kere na mmekota na A. Ritter na Mannheim. The nrọ nke na-eke ụgbọala ya na-ahapụ Benz maka oge, ma nchegbu maka ego ọdịmma nke ezinụlọ, nke toro, chọrọ iji belata ego maka engineering development.

The mbụ Mmeri

N'ihi ihe ịga nke ọma nke onwe ha oru Benz okowụt na hụrụ onwe ya n'ọnọdụ siri ike n'ụzọ ego. Ozugbo ọ fọrọ nke nta na-efunahụ nke ha onwe ha azụmahịa na ala. Iji dozie nsogbu nile ọ dị mkpa ka ike ihe bara uru. Di na Nwunye mmepụta hụrụ na mepụtara, esịtidem combustion engine.

Otú ọ dị, nke a echiche dịwo anya na ikuku, na n'obi nke ọtụtụ ndị injinia na echepụta, otú ọ dịghị ihe ijuanya na eziokwu na N. Otto patented na engine n'ihu. Otú ọ dị, ọ bịara anọ na-strok engine, ka nwunye-ya zigara ndị agha ike a abụọ ọrịa strok engine. Benz ụgbọala nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na-eme ihe banyere ihe mmanụ gas.

E a moto igba egbe na New Year Eve nke oku 1878. Serial mmepụta malitere mgbe afọ atọ na osisi na Mannheim. Mgbe a na enterprise innovator ọ bụ nnọọ nta na ha ikike, ka ekpe ya na malitere site ọkọ na ndị ọzọ na-emekọ ihe. Ma ọhụrụ investors na ọ dịghị eme ọsọ ọsọ itinye ego na ihe e kere eke nke a ụgbọ ala.

N'otu oge ahụ na patent e kagburu Nikolaus Otto, na ihe ọhụrụ, otu n'ime ha bụ a Benz, steepụ ha onwe ha oru na e kere eke nke a anọ na-strok engine, mere maka akpakanamde ngwa.

search na-azụ ahịa

Site n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1886 e guzobere na n'ihu ọha nwalee ụgbọ ala, na Onye Okike nke nke bụ Karl Benz. The patent e banyere ọnwa isii tupu ihe omume ahụ wee ọnụ ọgụgụ 37435. The moto-agba na a ngwakọta nke ikuku na mmanụ ụgbọala Alụlụụ. The ụgbọ ala ahụ na-akpụ akpụ na atọ wiil, n'ihi na ọ bụghị nsogbu nke synchronous adiana e kpebiri.

N'agbanyeghị nke ọma mepụtara si a oru ele ihe anya na mma reviews si pịa, na gwongworo na engine bụ a ịga nke ọma na ndị na-achọghị mgbanwe Germany. The nchepụta nwere ịkpọsa ha na ụmụ ha na dị iche iche ihe ngosi, gụnyere na Munich na Paris.

Yana-agbalị iru a sales Karl iso ya mma n'ime ụgbọ ala. Mgbe afọ isii 'motorvagen "gụnyere nke anọ wiil, ọ complemented a abụọ-ogbo nnyefe. E nwere ndị ọhụrụ Benz ika ụdị. Sales eto karịsịa n'ihi France. Mgbe e mesịrị ụgbọala ụlọ ọrụ mụtachara ahịa na Europe, Russia, South America.

Site na narị afọ nke 20 akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụgbọ ala akwụsịghị, ọ malitere iji nweta a ọzọ dị oké njọ n'aka, gbasaa azụmahịa nke Benz.

Innovator nwụrụ na afọ 84 na afọ, na-agafe ya ahịa umu-ndikom, na-ahazi afọ iri isii na Ladenburg.

Nka na ụzụ e ji mara nke mbụ ụgbọ

German injinia ike ụgbọala ha na nzuzo, n'ihi na nke nke nchọpụta Kemịkalụ bụ oké mkpa.

Key Atụmatụ:

• ngụkọta ibu - 263 kg;
• anọ na-strok engine site ibu - 96 n'arọ;
• mmiri mma engine;
• Họrọ otu cylinder, ipigide, na-anọpụ iche na-atụ mbanye ke nnyefe;
• atọ wheel;
• gbalaga breeki;
• yinye drive.

Onye ama ama nke njem Berty Bents na ụmụ

na nchepụta nwunye keere òkè dị mkpa ná ndụ ya. Ọ na-akwado di ya na-agbalịsi ma na ihe onwunwe okwu (ule itinye ego na-emeso engines na aka Bertha ego tupu alụmdi na nwunye), ma n'omume. E nwekwara a akụkọ ihe mere eme (Benz ụgbọ ala) banyere otú a nwaanyị na ụmụ ya gara ileta a nso nke fọrọ nke nta 110 km.

Ọ mere na August 1888. The ụzọ gbatịrị si Mannheim ka Pfrotsgeym, ebe ọ bụ nne Bertha. Ọtụtụ ụbọchị gasịrị, a nwaanyị na a na nwa na otu ụgbọala n'ụlọ.

N'oge njem, e nwere ụfọdụ ihe isi ike nke ndị nwunye ha na ụmụ ga-enwe ike ịnagide na ha onwe ha:

• ibé na a nkpoda ịrị elu merie otú - otu nwa nwetara n'azụ wheel, na nne-ya bu nwa nwoke nke abụọ kewapụrụ ụgbọala si n'azụ;
• na bursting nke akpụkpọ anụ mbanye belt patched nso Bruchsal obodo shoemaker;
• ọrụ eduat mkpuchi maka electric drive rụrụ stocking garter;
• a okporo ụzọ jam na tube na mmanụ ụgbọala na-emezughị ikpochapụ a mfe pin.

The njem bụ ihe magburu onwe mkpọsa, dị ka gbara ka a obi abụọ ọha na ọbụna ndị inyom na ụmụaka ndị nọ n'okpuru ike ụgbọala, na iwepu mkpa maka a obere na ikpe nke breakage. Ọzọkwa, njem achoputala-adịghị emezi emezi na-arụ ọrụ nke ụgbọ ala na idozi ha.

Berta Bents a maara dị ka nwaanyị mbụ na wheel. O meriri nri ụgbọala a ụgbọala n'otu afọ.