Land of ọwụwa anyanwụ - Japan. History of Japan. Akụkọ myths of Japan

Land of ọwụwa anyanwụ, foto nke ga-egosi n'okpuru, a na-ewere otu n'ime ndị mepere emepe nke ụwa. The kasị elu mgbe nke ókèala bụ Ugwu Fuji. Japan - a na obodo na a ọgaranya na omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ke adianade do, nke a na steeti, piously reveres ya omenala. Ọ ga-kwuru na Japan bụghị mgbe niile otú ahụ. E nwere oge nke aku na uba ojuju. Ma, n'agbanyeghị na ihe isi ike, ndị ọchịchị ka jisiri bụghị nanị iji merie nsogbu emee, kamakwa iru ụfọdụ elu dị iche iche na ngalaba nke mmadụ ọrụ. Gosiri na nke a bụ ya ọnọdụ n'ụwa. Gịnị bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Japan? Olee otú mmepe nke ala? Gịnị bụ n'ala ọwụwa anyanwụ taa? Banyere nke a mgbe e mesịrị na isiokwu.

Isi

Country nke esiwanye Sun emi odude ke akipelago, nke bụ a na nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ isuo. 6852. N'ozuzu e nwere banyere 97% nke ókèala ji site anọ kasị ukwuu n'agwaetiti Shikoku, Kyushu, Hokkaido na Honshu. Kasị nke ebe bụ ugwu ugwu, mgbawa ugwu teren.

Land of ọwụwa anyanwụ - Japan - bụ ụwa iri ebiet okwu nke bi. Ya n'ókèala bụ ihe karịrị 127 nde. Man. Greater Tokyo - ebe ahụ na-agụnye, ke akpanikọ, isi obodo na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke dị nso prefectures --atụle ga-kasị ibu n'ụwa agglomeration. Ọ bụ ebe obibi ihe karịrị iri atọ nde mmadụ.

The ala nwere ụkpụrụ dị elu nke ndụ. Na mba ahụ bụ na iri ebiet na index nke mmepe nke ụmụ mmadụ nwere. E nwekwara elu udu nke ndu ndimmadu. Na 2009, afọ na ọ bụ 82,12 afọ. Ke adianade do, bụ nke kasị ala ọnụego nke nwa ọhụrụ na-anwụ. Japan - ụwa naanị obodo megide nke ngwá agha nuklia na-eji.

ibi ndụ

Taa, na-ebili Sun (Japan) bụ na atọ ebe na ụwa site GDP, elu ọnụ na gbakọọ parity n'ji ike. The ala bụ nke anọ kacha ibu ekspootu na ya nke isii mbubata. Ọ bụkwa a akụkụ nke ndị "Big Eight", mgbe nile hoputara ka a nonpermanent so na UN Security Council. N'agbanyeghị ukara agugo nke nri na-ekwusa agha, Japan nwere a buru ibu ma na oge a agha. The agha chebe ala ma na-ekere òkè udo arụmọrụ.

Aha nke ala

Mere Japan - Land of ọwụwa Sun? Iji zaa ajụjụ a, anyị ga-esi na malite aha nke ala. Okwu "Japan", dị ka anyị na-akpọ ya, bụ ihe exonym gabiga si German. Ndị onwe ha na-ezo n'ala nna ha dị ka "Nihon" ma ọ bụ "Nippon". Ma ndị mbụ na nke abụọ n'onwe e dere iji "kanji". "Nippon" - aha nke a ọzọ iwu. Ọ na-emekarị ji na maka ozi stampụ, yen, na aha nke ọ bụla merenụ nke mba dị mkpa. Na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ na ọtụtụ na-eji "Nihon".

Japanese onwe ha na-akpọ "nihondzin" asụsụ, nke a na okwu - "Nihongo". Eze, na steeti a na-akpọ "Nippon Coke" ma ọ bụ "Nihon Coca". Nke ikpeazụ nhọrọ na-n'ụzọ nkịtị sụgharịrị dị ka "ebe omumu / isi iyi nke anyanwụ." Nke a aha mbụ pụtara na mmekorita n'etiti Emperor na ndị nnọchiteanya nke Sui (Chinese usoro ndị eze). "Nihon" a na-sụgharịrị dị ka "Country vshodyaschego anyanwụ." Ifịk ifịk aha a malitere ga-eji na banyere Nara oge. State ruo mgbe oge na-akpọ "Yamato".

History of Japan

N'ihi na oge mbụ akipelago e biri gburugburu nke 40 na narị afọ iri BC. e. The oge ochie Japanese nọ na-achụ nzukọ na ịchụ nta, na-eme ngwaọrụ roughing. N'oge ahụ, e nweghị ihe ọkpụkpụ, na njikọ na nke oge a na-akpọ "oge nke preceramic omenala".

Mgbe oge ya malitere "Jomon". Ọ bụ nke mgbe ochie periodization nke States nke Neolithic na Mesolithic. The e ji mara mma nke na oge bụ ihe e kere eke, n'ezie, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na akipelago. N'oge a, malitere ịpụta na-adị kwa ụbọchị ite ụrọ.

Around 500 BC. e. Malite Time "Yayoi." Oge a e ji ọdịdị mmiri osikapa cultivation, na ekwe na wiil ọkpụite, malite nhazi nke ọla (ígwè, ọla, ọla kọpa), na erection echebe mounds. All ndị a innovations nwere pụtara ekele ọbịa si Korea na China. N'ihi na oge mbụ, "na-esiwanye Sun" kwuru ke ọzọ Chinese akukonsinooge - "Hanshu". More "ala Wa" (ndị na-akpọ Chinese akipelago) a kọwara na "History nke atọ na-achị Alaeze". Dị ka akụkọ, ndị kasị dị ike na narị afọ nke atọ, ndị ihe gbasara onye isi Yamatay. Ọ na-gawa onye na-achị Himiko.

State na usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị

Land of ọwụwa anyanwụ - Japan - bụ a n'usoro iwu ochichi obodo Omeiwu akwado ọchịchị ya. Dị ka Basic Iwu nke State si 1947, Eze Ukwu bụ a "nnọchianya nke ịdị n'otu nke ndị mmadụ na steeti." All mkpebi na emek na-nabatara na emejuputa atumatu oru site na ọ dị na ihe yiri nke Cabinet. Emperor na diplomatic nzukọ na-eje ozi dị ka Isi nke State. Board kemgbe 1989, bụ afọ bụ na-aka nke Akihito.

Dị ka ndị kasị elu ngwa nke steeti ike na ọbụ omebe iwu Ọdịdị guzo nzuko omeiwu. Ọ na-agụnye abụọ ulo nile: ndị nnọchiteanya na ndị ndụmọdụ. Emelitere ikpeazụ ọ bụla 3 afọ site 50%. Na House of Representatives nke 480 nnọchiteanya ugbu a. Ha na-hoputara n'ihi na 4 afọ. House of councilors na-emi esịnede 242 nnọchiteanya hoputara maka 6 afọ. N'okpuru oruru, nzuko omeiwu na-nyere zuru omebe iwu ike ma nwere nanị nri jikwaa ego.

All bi onye ruru afọ iri abụọ nwere ike akụkụ na ntuli aka. Ntuli aka nke nnọchiteanya na Chamber a rụrụ site na nzuzo vootu. Na Japan, abụọ isi ọzọ. Na 2009, Democratic Party dochie na Social Liberals na nzuko omeiwu nke na-emesapụ aka-onye kwuo uche mgbanwe mkpakọrịta, nri afọ 54, ndibọhọ ọtụtụ ndị votes.

Culture of Japan

Ebe ọ bụ na ọgwụgwụ nke puku afọ mbụ AD ọ ghọrọ ifịk ifịk imepe akwụkwọ. The mbụ odide na-akpa si Japanese ukwe 9-10 nke ọtụtụ narị afọ. Chebere ụfọdụ ihe ncheta nke ije na sere nke mmalite nke puku afọ abụọ. N'oge guzobere Japanese omenala oké mmetụta dọgburu ya, China, na mgbe ahụ ka Western Europe.

Kemgbe ụwa, epos bara ọgaranya na a dịgasị iche iche nke akụkọ banyere nnukwu anụ, ghosts, iju kere eke. The kasị ewu ewu bụ "Ecay". Onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a na-agụ akụkọ nwere pụrụ iche ihe mgbaru ọsọ na e ji mara na e jikọtara ha ọnwụ. Na usoro nke nke ọha mmadụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ihe oyiyi na-"ada ruo ụbọchị." Na Japan, e nwere a pụtara na-ewu ewu akụkọ. Legend of mposi Hanako bụ oge a na version nke myths banyere "yūrei". Mgbe na-eduzi a nnyocha e mere na nke ndị bi na nke oge a na Japan bụ ike na-anakọta ihe karịrị otu narị dị iche iche akụkọ banyere nnukwu anụ. Common niile "yūrei" atụmatụ dị iche deformities. Ka ihe atụ, zoro n'azụ ntutu ọnụ, na enweghị ala ọkara nke ahụ, dị ka a chipped Reiko Kashima ịkwaga ugbu a na elbows na oblique mgbutu ndị mmadụ.

sere

Ezi nkà nke Japan - bụ isi a ọmarịcha ihe osise mere na akwụkwọ, na-egosipụta mgbidi obí eze, akwa, meziri, Fans na egwuregwu masks. The n'oge ọrụ na-agụnye ihe atụ maka akwụkwọ ọgụgụ, na akụkọ ifo, akụkọ. Ha na ha azụ 8-12 ọtụtụ narị afọ. The nkà oge ochie nke ọwụwa anyanwụ - bụ isi a ụtụ ahụ mara mma, eke, eke. Na narị afọ nke 14 odida obodo sere penetrated Usoro nke egosipụta na ink. Japanese nka ruru a n'ezie na-enwetụbeghị ụdị larịị nke nkà ya. Site n'enyemaka nke nwa agba, ha ike n'ezie masterpieces gabiga a ntịme nke na agba nke okike. Otu n'ime ndị a na-ese bụ Sassi. O kere eke anya nnọọ na; na eke. Na foto n'ụzọ zuru okè na-enye ọnọdụ nke na-ese.

The sere na mgbidi

Ya heyday, a art ụdị ruru na 12-13 nke ọtụtụ narị afọ. Ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka mgbidi nke obí eze e kpuchie ebube yi osise. Dị ka a na-achị, ha gosiri lyric odide akụkọ, na-ewu ewu n'oge ahụ. Ekele egosipụta mgbidi obí eze, na nkà nke Japan banyere ndị dị otú ahụ a na Usoro dị ka tụrụ - woodcuts. Ndị a masterpieces kere bụghị naanị nka, ma onye-nwe-, bee pụrụ iche ebi akwụkwọ efere, nakwa dị ka a na ngwa nbipute, na-arụ ọrụ na Mbipụta.

Narị afọ nke 13 na mmepụta nke oyiyi na ọgwụ nchebe. Ma, ọ ga-kwuru na dị ka otu nọọrọ onwe ha art ụdị xylography ghọtara na na narị afọ nke 17. Up ruo mgbe narị afọ nke 18 Mbipụta ndị nwa na-acha ọcha. "Ukiyo-e" - a ọhụrụ style of woodcuts e guzobere 17-19 ọtụtụ narị afọ. Ịsụgharị aha a nwere ike ịbụ dị ka "ihe atụ nke a sere n'elu ụwa". Nke a na ụdị osise a na-ewere otu nke ebe nke "Edo" - nkà, isiokwu bụ isi nke nke bụ a ezumike na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ nke ụmụ amaala.

oké nwe

Japanese Mbipụta bụ ebube nọmba nke ndị nka. Otu n'ime ha na akpa ebe kwesịrị ekenyela Tosyusyaya Sharaku. Osise nwe gosiri kabuki-eme ihe nkiri, o doro anya na-akọwa na dịtụ ekwubigaghị okwu ókè àgwà nke ọ bụla n'ime ha. Ọzọ na-ede akwụkwọ - Kitagava Utamaro - n'ọrụ ya gosiri inyom mara mma. Katsushika Hokusai kere "36 Echiche nke Ugwu Fuji".

Ọ ga-kwuru ebe a na ojiji nke na agba na woodcuts si China. First, nna ukwu eji a ole na ole nke na agba. Site nke 18 centenary nke agba igwe emewo a na-eduga ọrụ ke woodcuts. N'oge ahụ, nkà bụ ukwuu n'ime-elekwasị anya otú ahụ Genres dị ka "yakusya-e" na "bidzinga". Isiokwu bụ isi nke ikpeazụ ígwè charmer onye bi na "green agbata" (ụtọ ụlọ).

Ọ ga-kwuru na agba nke Mbipụta bụghị naanị nka, ma ihe ọmụma na ngwá ọrụ. Akụkọ gosiri bi na obodo nta, ejiji ndị ọhụrụ, dị iche iche ntụziaka na ndụ na isi obodo, na-eme nke omenkà na ndị ahịa na ndị ezinụlọ ha. Artworks style 'yakusya-e "nwere ike ekewet mgbasa ozi iyi. Ha bụ ndị yiri nnọọ ka akwụkwọ ịma ọkwa na-egosi na-eme egwuregwu na ndị a ma ama ihe nkiri na ndị na-ewu ewu na ọha na eze.

sayensị

Land of ọwụwa anyanwụ - Japan - a na-ewere otu n'ime ndị ndú na ubi nke sayensị, robotics, biomedicine. Dị iche iche na-eme nnyocha na-eme aka banyere 700 puku ọkachamara. Japan bụ na atọ ebe na-enweghị ego na-nọrọ na mmepe nke sayensị. Na ojiji na mmepụta nke ígwè ọrụ na steeti onye ndú. Na isi sayensị, Japan na-nwere a na-eduga ọnọdụ. Na steeti 13 mmụta bụ Nobel Laureates na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, onwu na physics. N'ime obodo na-eji ihe karịrị ọkara nke ndị mepụtara na enyere site na ígwè ọrụ robot.

ohere Exploration

Aviation, mbara na ohere ngagharị na-enye ohere gị n'ụlọnga. Mkpara ya na-ekerekwa ke imewe nke Satellites na Tammy. The Agency nwere ohere na-ebu egbe nke keakamere satellite-agba ya gburugburu na Earth, interplanetary ụgbọ akpaka ụdị. Ke adianade do, research owuwu a na-ekerechi òkè mba na mba uwa mmemme. Ya mere, na 2010, ndị satellite bụ na-amụ planet Venus na oru. Ke adianade do, ifịk ifịk na-akwadebe maka ọmụmụ ihe nke Mercury, ndokwa maka 2030 ewu nke isi na Ọnwa. Japan, o doro anya, na-eduzi nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arụ ọrụ na-amụ cosmos. Na 2007, ọ nọ na-agba ọsọ 2nd wuru satellite. Ọrụ ya bụ iji na-achịkọta ozi na mbido na mmepe nke Ọnwa.