Mgbawa decompression mgbe elu nke ihe na-eme mmadụ, ndị na-esi

Ugbua maara dị ka a ala nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta ndị mmadụ. Ma, olee otú ọtụtụ ndị maara ihe ụdị ihe ize ndụ bụ a na-agbawa agbawa decompression na elu? Ole na ole sekọnd ebibi kpam kpam site ìhè, ọ tụlee ka ala ịgba nke ọbara mgbali, nke na-akpata ụfọdụ ọnwụ.

Gịnị bụ Decompression

Decompression - a ọnọdụ nke ikuku mgbali tụlee sharply. Nke a na-eme mgbe agbajikwa na-atụghị anya ntapu na-efe efe ngwa n'oge ngwa ngwa nrigo ma ọ bụ na-egwu mmiri na mmiri n'elu. Mgbe ndị mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ na gburugburu ebe mgbali n'elu ikuku na ọtụtụ ugboro, site inhalation, haruru na-abịakọrọ, na-eme ha mgbasa na nsụkọrọ na ọbara na unacceptably nnukwu ichekwa. Ọ bụrụ na ọ na mberede tụlee, gas asụ Ụfụfụ emee, si otú na-akwụsị ije ọbara site na arịa.

Mgbe ụgbọelu ma ọ bụ spaceship agaa kụọ a meteorite ma ọ bụ ida ụfọdụ oké egwu na usoro, na-agbawa agbawa decompression emee ka a n'ihi nke mberede. Nke a na onu na-eme mgbe na-efe efe n'ebe ịdị elu nke ihe karịrị itoolu puku mita.

decompression ọrịa

Mgbe decompression ọrịa mebiri emee bụghị naanị conductivity na obere arịa, ma ọbara rheology, dị ka thrombotic pụta na-kpụrụ n'elu nke egosipụta na-akpọ aerotrombozom.

akwụsị mmekọrịta ikuku mgbali iyi kwa abụọ ebelata site karịa ugboro abụọ. E hara nhata mmiri vepo nsogbu a barometric na carbon dioxide. Nke a bụ ihe mere na ọdịnaya nke oxygen na nsụkọrọ na-abịaru ná efu, na ọ bụghị ihe mmadụ ume na-aghọ oxygen, na nitrogen.

The adakarị picture kpebisiri ike site decompression ọrịa embolism gas ọbara usoro, nke ndị mejupụtara atọ ụdị:

1. Ọbara ọrịa dị ka rịaworo na myocardial infarction, a ọchịchọ na-etolite egbochi mkpụkọ nke ọbara.
2. Siri ike itching, muscle na nkwonkwo mgbu na-agwụ ike agwa, subcutaneous emphysema.
3. Ọdịda nke Central ụjọ usoro: ọgbụgbọ, vomiting, okwu aghara, ụfụ, mkpọnwụ.
4. Nnukwu obi ọdịda dị ka a n'ihi nke ìgwè, haruru na cavities nke obi.

Mmetụta nke decompression na ozu

Mgbawa decompression ka decompression na n'ozuzu nwere a nnukwu mmetụta ahụ mmadụ. Ọ ga-kwuru, ụfọdụ nke ya atụmatụ. Ukwuu edinam bụ nke mgbali dobe na ugbo elu, nakwa dị ka elu gabiga ókè ụjọ erughị ala ruru ka ihe mberede ọnọdụ. Mgbawa decompression a na-ewere a mkpali dị ike, nke bụ ike-emetụta a onye.

Na omume dị otú ahụ ọnọdụ, pilot ruo oge ụfọdụ na-enwe egwu na mgbagwoju anya, n'ihi na irreparable ekweta emehie, emerụ ndụ ndị njem na ha onwe ha.

Mkpa pathogenetic ihe na-agbawa agbawa decompression

N'ebe ịdị elu nke ihe karịrị iri na isi kilomita organism na-gụrụ a dum nso nke pathogenic ihe. Ndị a gụnyere: enweghị oxygen, ike ultraviolet radieshon, ala ikuku nsogbu na oyi na-atụ.

Emetụta ọdachi na-gụrụ n'out oge ma ọ bụ na usoro nke na-esonụ ihe: na ujo na ike bufee, àmụmà headwind na n'ume-efegharị efegharị, kwes na mmetụta nke ikuku ọkụ eletrik, mmerụ si rụrụ akpọkwa, n'ikwe, vibration.

Shock mmetụta: ma ọ bụrụ na a onye ga-nso ulo na a nnukwu onu, o nwere ike inwe mwute, ma ọ bụ ka njọ, na-atụba n'ime mmiri. N'ezie, onye na pushing site na onu - a obere ikpe.

Hypoxia: Dị ka anyị maara, ikuku na-emi esịnede 79,02% nitrogen, 20,95% oxygen na naanị 0.03% nke ọzọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha - carbon dioxide. Mmiri vepo ruo 5%. Na elu iru mmiri ego nke nitrogen ma oxygen 1-2% na-aghọ nta.

Ịrịba Ama Mbelata ikuku na-akpatakarị hypoxia. Ọbụna na ala elu (ihe dị ka otu na ọkara puku mita), a onye a chọrọ na-enweta a nta ọnụ ke uche ìhè. A atụ kasịnụ nke mgbanwe site a na-egbuke egbuke ka a gbara ọchịchịrị n'ime ụlọ dimly udo isiokwu a na-ewere ike.

Ihe kacha mkpa pathogenetic akpata pụta ụwa na-agbawa agbawa decompression - a siri ike jụrụ nke aru nke pilot. Nke a karịsịa na-emetụta ndị na-erughị ala akụkụ ahụ: aka, ụkwụ, na ihu, ebe ọ bụ na ikuku na a okpomọkụ nke 56 degrees bụ ya zuru ezu ngwa kefriza.

Mgbawa decompression nke ugbo elu

Mgbe elu nke decompression emee n'oge zuru ezu ọnwụ nke na-arụ ọrụ ike nke ndi oru ugbo na a okwu nke sekọnd. Kakoy- a ụda ha nwere ike na-anụ, ma n'oge na-ama na-abịa ọnwụ. Ọ dịghị nsogbu mgbaàmà zigara dispatcher ọ dịghị ekwe omume.

Mgbe e nwere a mbibi nke ndị na ọdụ nke ugbo elu, ọ dịghị ohere nke ndụ nọ, ihe niile gburu otu mgbe. Ọ dịghị ihe ga-enwe ike inyere, dị ka e nwere zuru ezu ọdịda. Ndị dị otú ahụ ga-eme onye na-agbawa agbawa decompression nke ugbo elu.

Ọ bụrụ na ụgbọ elu na-eje ozi na-enye na-etinye na ihe oxygen nkpuchi, ime nke a, dị ka ikuku na elu karị nnọọ ehighị nne. Ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere zuru ezu decompression nke ìhè n'ihi na ike mgbali bụghị iji nye ụbụrụ na oxygen, na-amalite dizziness, na-ada mbà. Nwere ndị na ụgbọelu ida nsụhọ nanị ihe karịrị iri anọ sekọnd.

Isi mgbaàmà nke na-agbawa agbawa decompression

Mgbawa decompression nwere asatọ isi mgbaàmà:

1. Dị ka a N'ihi nke na-amụba na olu nke ikuku nke di na akpa ume, ǹgụ kọwakwuru ozugbo. Ji anya decompression tụnyere a onu na a igbu ka obi.
2. Igbo, haruru eriri afọ na afo, sochiri ọzịza - a na-akpọ elu-elu flatulence.
3. Oké ihe mgbu nke paranasal cavities na ntị.
4. The na-achịkwaghị achịkwa defecation na urination, oké persistent vomiting.
5. An mmetụta emission, haruru si ike, na imi - nke ikuku.
6. Siri ike mgbu nke nkwonkwo na akwara dị ka a n'ihi nke anụ ahụ ischemia mere site gas embolism nke obere arịa - elu mgbu.
7. N'ihi na eziokwu na a nkọ abawanye na nkewa nke ajirija, e nwere mmetụta nke ike ntu oyi.
8. N'ime nkeji abụọ site na mmalite nke na-agbawa agbawa decompression ndị mmadụ ụfụ na amaghị onwe ya.

Barotrauma n'oge mgbawa decompression

akụkụ nke ahụ ahụ mmebi dị ka a n'ihi nke mgbali dị iche n'etiti n'ime na n'èzí na-akpọ barotrauma. Ọ na-adị mgbe mkpọda nke di iche iche na ukwuu omimi, n'oge takeoff na ọdịda. Niile na-eme n'oge na-agbawa agbawa decompression, bụ fraught na oké ihe ize ndụ, nke otu n'ime - barotrauma. Mgbe mgbawa decompression esonụ ozu bụ isiokwu barotrauma:

• The enyemaka ịnụ ntị.
• fechaa.
• oghere ozu.

Mgbe enyemaka ịnụ ntị na-adọwa barotrauma eardrum, na auditory ossicles na-doro mmebi, e nwere hemorrhage n'ime ntị anụ ahụ na tympanum.

Mgbe barotrauma akpa ume airway ugbu mmiri mmiri na ọbara, akpa ume zaa ịgba, akara Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe-agbawa na hemorrhage nke akpa ume anụ ahụ.

N'ihi ya, na-enwekwu olu nke gas na afo na eriri afọ bụ ha agbawa - ngosipụta barotraumas oghere akụkụ.

Na-akpata ọnwụ site na-agbawa agbawa decompression

Ọnwụ mberede si mgbawa decompression, dị ka a kọrọ na akwụkwọ, na-adị ka a n'ihi nke ujo, anụ ahụ emphysema, nke bụ ihe mere e ji a "ramming emetụta", haruru. Hypobarium ma na nke a nwere ihe ọ bụla na-eme na ọdachi. Evidence, ọ bụrụ na e a kpọmkwem mmekọrịta dị n'etiti tolerability na ngwa ngwa hypobarium size of subcutaneous emphysema, bụghị ma a hụrụ.

Big ọrụ ọnwụ ma ọ bụrụ na-agbawa agbawa decompression, doro anya na ọ bụ nke gas embolism, ọ bụ ezie na oké mkpa dị mkpa na ọ nwere.

Ke 1970, ndị na-ede akwụkwọ ka kọwaa isi ihe na-akpata Lukhanin ngwa lethality hypobarium - ya anoxia.

mgbochi

Mgbochi mgbawa decompression na elu mkpa ka a gwara okwu na ike na mkpa, na-etinye ahụ pụta ìhè ọrụ nke na-echebekwa ndụ nke njem na ụgbọ elu crews.

Basic mgbochi:

1. Huu ike n'ezi ihe nke ugbo elu.
2. Ndị ngwangwa fụrụ opi nke ikuku n'ime ụlọ na ya depressurization.
3. Special ụgbọelu ga-eyi akpụkpọ-uko ahu.

I kwesịrị ịma na ebe na ebe ọ bụla ị na-efe efe na a ụgbọelu, e nwere mgbe ihe ize ndụ nke ihe mberede, nke na akpa ebe nke egwu na ndụ uru na-agbawa agbawa decompression. Na ọ na-eduga a aghụghọ ma ịrịba irreversible pụta.