Mkpebi siri ike nke akpa ume ala. Ókè nke akpa ume na-nkịtị (Isiokwu)

Mkpebi siri ike nke akpa ume ókè dị mkpa maka nchoputa nke ọtụtụ enweghị nchịkwa ọnọdụ. Ikike mata percussion obi Ndahie na ma direction na-enye ohere ugbua n'oge ule nke onye ọrịa n'ejighị ọzọ usoro (akpan akpan, X-ray) chee ọnụnọ nke a akpan akpan ọrịa.

Olee tụọ ìhè nke ókè-ala?

N'ezie, i nwere ike iji instrumental ụzọ nke nchoputa, ime ka onye na X-ray na ya na-amata otú dị dịtụ ìhè ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ obi. Otú ọ dị, nke a na-kacha mma mere na-enweghị n'inwe ndidi radieshon. Mkpebi siri ike nke akpa ume ókè-ala na-rụrụ ke nzọụkwụ nnyocha usoro topographic percussion. Gịnị ka ọ bụ? Percussion - a ọmụmụ dabeere na nchọpụta nke ụda nke a tapping n'elu nke ahu. Ụda dịgasị dabere na nke otu ebe nke nnyocha na-aga. On parenchymal akụkụ (imeju) na uru ahụ, o amama a ntị chiri n'elu oghere akụkụ (eriri afọ) - tympanic, na n'elu ikuku-jupụta akpa ume enweta pụrụ iche (akpa ume percussion ụda).

Nke a na-amụ na-rụrụ dị ka ndị a. Otu aka-etinye na nkwụ nke ebe nnyocha, abụọ ma ọ bụ otu mkpịsị aka nke abụọ n'aka see n'etiti mkpịsị aka mbu (plessimetru) ka a hama na ihe igwe anvil. N'ihi ya, i nwere ike ịnụ otu n'ime variants nke percussion ụda, nke ugbua na e kwuru n'elu.

Percussion na-comparative (ụda mere atụmatụ na symmetrical ebe nke obi) na topographic. Nke ikpeazụ a na-kpomkwem bu n'obi kọwaa ókè nke akpa ume.

Olee na-eduzi a topographical percussion?

Aka-plessimetr atọrọ ka a mgbe na nke ọmụmụ na-amalite (e.g., mgbe akọwapụta elu ókè nke n'ihu elu nke a ìhè ọ na-amalite n'elu n'etiti akụkụ nke clavicle), na mgbe ahụ na-akpali na a ebe a ndika akụkụ ga-akwụsị. Ókè kọwaa a region ebe a akpa ume percussion ụda aghọ dull. Aka-plessimetr n'ihi na mma nke na-amụ ga-edina yiri chọrọ ókè. Nzọụkwụ Ndahie bụ mkpokọta 1 cm. Topographic percussion, n'adịghị ka comparative, nwayọọ rụrụ (jụụ), na ịme ọpịpị.

elu ịgba

Ọnọdụ ìhè n'elu inwale ma n'ihu ma n'azụ. Na n'ihu elu nke obi dị ịrịba ama na-eje ozi clavicle na azụ - nke asaa cervical vertebra (ya nwere ogologo spinous usoro nke na ọ pụrụ ịbụ mfe na-akwanyere ùgwù na ndị ọzọ na vertebrae).

The elu ókè nke ngụgụ-emi odude ke norm dị ka ndị a:

• Front larịị n'elu clavicle 30-40 mm.
• Behind n'ozuzu iwepụ na asaa cervical vertebra.

The ọmụmụ a ga-rụrụ dị ka ndị a:

1. Front-plessimetr mkpịsị aka na-etinye n'elu olu (banyere n'etiti nke ntule), na mgbe ahụ na-akpali elu na n'ime, mgbe percussion ụda ga-dull.
2. Behind ọmụmụ na-amalite site n'etiti agụba spain, na mgbe mkpịsị aka-plessimetr gbanwere gaba n'iru ya ka o wee na n'akụkụ nke asaa cervical vertebra. Percussion a rụrụ ruo mgbe a thud.

Dechapụ elu akpa ume ala

Dechapụ ókè emekar ruru ka oké lightness akpa ume anụ ahụ. Ndị dị otú ahụ a ọnọdụ e ji mara nke emphysema - a ọria nke na alveoli mgbidi hyperextension, mgbe ụfọdụ, ha na-eweda ha ala na guzobere cavities (ehi). Mgbanwe ndị na-akpa ume na emphysema bụ irreversible, alveoli zaa ike dara ada efu ekwedo mbelata n'ike n'ike.

Ókè nke ụmụ mmadụ na akpa ume (na nke a ókè n'elu) na ike ga-obibi ala. Nke a bụ n'ihi na a ọnụ na airiness nke akpa ume anụ ahụ, a ọnọdụ bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mbufụt ma ọ bụ mmetụta ya (uto nke connective anụ ahụ na n'ichihịa nke akpa ume). Ókè nke akpa ume (elu) emi odude n'okpuru nkịtị larịị, - achọpụta ọrịa feature pathologies dị ka ụkwara nta, ka oyi baa, akpa ume fibrosis.

ala ịgba

Tụọ ọ dị mkpa iji mara na isi topographic edoghi nke obi. The usoro a dabeere na displacement nke kwuru na ogwe aka na-eme nchọpụta chọpụtara si n'elu na ala tupu mgbanwe akpa ume percussion uda obtuse. Ọ ga-abụ maara na n'ihu ókè-ala nke ekpe akpa ume bụghị symmetrical nri site ọnụnọ nke n'akpa uwe n'ihi na obi. Front ala akpa ume ókè kpebisiri ike site a akara inyịme tinyere mpụta elu nke sternum, na akara arịdata si n'etiti clavicle.

Akụkụ dị mkpa pointers bụ atọ axillary akara - na n'ihu, n'etiti na azụ, nke na-amalite site n'ihu onu, center na azụ n'ọnụ karị axilla. N'azụ ìhè region kpebisiri ike ikwu na akara si agụba akụkụ na akara dị n'akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ.

Dechapụ ala akpa ume ókè

Ọ ga-kwuru na na usoro nke respiration olu nke ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. Ya mere, ala ókè nke ala nkịtị akpa ume obibi 20-40 mm na ala. Persistent mgbanwe ọnọdụ nke ókè-ala na-egosi na ọrịa usoro ke obi ma ọ bụ afo. Light oké mmụba na emphysema, nke utịp ke a bilateral ókè Ndahie ala. Ndị ọzọ na-akpata nwere ike ịbụ a diaphragm hypotension na akara ptosis abdominal akụkụ. The ala ókè na-gbanwere n'ala na otu akụkụ na ikpe nke compensatory mmụba nke ike akpa ume, mgbe nke abụọ bụ na-ehi ụra na steeti dị ka a n'ihi nke, n'ihi na ihe atụ, ngụkọta pneumothorax, hydrothorax, etc ..

Amụnye ókè-ala na-akpụ akpụ na-ejikarị ruru shrinkage nke ikpeazụ (akpa ume fibrosis), nkezi nke ire ere dị ka a n'ihi nke bronchial mgbochi, ìgwè ọmụmụ na pleural oghere (eme ka akpa ume collapses na na-abụchaghị eziokwu na mgbọrọgwụ). Enweghị nchịkwa ọnọdụ abdominal oghere nwekwara ike chụpụ ndị akpa ume ala upwardly atụ, ìgwè ọmụmụ (ascites) ma ọ bụ ikuku (mgbe oghere ngwa perforation).

Ókè nke akpa ume na-nkịtị: table

Location nke elu akpa ume ókè kọwara n'elu.

Gbanwee na morphology

Na astenikov akpa ume na-agbatị na longitudinal direction, ya mere, ha na-ada ubé n'okpuru ndị n'ozuzu nabatara norm, agwụcha bụghị n'ọnụ ma na intercostal oghere. N'ihi hypersthenics, site iche, e ji a n'ọkwá ka elu nke ala ókè. Akpa ume nwere sara mbara ma esisịt udi.

Olee otú ókè nke akpa ume na a nwa?

N'ezie, ndị akpa ume ókè ụmụ nta-ederịta akwụkwọ ozi ndị nke okenye. The n'elu ahụ na ụmụ, na-erubeghị akwụkwọ afọ, na-adịghị kọwaa. Ha e mesịrị mara na n'ihu 20-40 mm n'elu midpoint nke clavicle, n'azụ - n'ogo nke asaa cervical vertebra.

Location nke ala ókè atụle n'isiokwu na-table n'okpuru.

Na-akpata Ndahie akpa ume ókè na ụmụ elu ma ọ bụ ala na ikwu na nkịtị ụkpụrụ ndị ahụ dị ka okenye.

Olee otú iji chọpụta na agagharị nke ala onu nke ahụ?

Anyị na-ama kwuru na mgbe na-eku ume ala ókè na gbanwere ikwu nkịtị udu n'ihi mmụba nke akpa ume ka eloda na-elo Mbelata. Nọmalị, dị a mgbanwe bụ omume na nso 20-40 mm elu site na ala ókè na otu downwardly.

Mkpebi Siri Ike agagharị na-arụ na atọ isi edoghi malite n'etiti clavicle, n'etiti axilla na agụba n'akuku. E duziri ọmụmụ dị ka ndị a. Mbụ, chọpụta ọnọdụ nke ala ịgba na-eme ka a akara na akpụkpọ (ike ijikwa). Mgbe onye ọrịa na-jụrụ eloda miri na jide gị ume, na mgbe ahụ, ọzọ chọta a ala agbụ, na-eme ka a akara. N'ikpeazụ chọpụta ọnọdụ nke a ìhè na kacha ume e kupụrụ ekupụ. Ugbu a, na-elekwasị anya akara, ị nwere ike ikpe otú ìhè Nkea ikwu ya ala ịgba.

Na ụfọdụ ọrịa na nke akpa ume na-budata belata agagharị. Ka ihe atụ, a na-adị mgbe a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke spikes ma ọ bụ ndị exudate na pleural uji eze, ọnwụ nke ekwedo nke ngụgụ na emphysema na ndị ọzọ.

Ihe isi ike na-eduzi topographic percussion

Nke a na usoro nke nnyocha bụghị dị mfe ma na-achọ ụfọdụ nkà, kama - na ọbụna ahụmahụ. Isi ike ịda n'oge ya eji, na-ejikọta ya na-ezighị ezi, mmejuputa iwu nke Usoro. Banyere anatomical atụmatụ na ike ịmepụta nsogbu na-eme nchọpụta, tumadi na oké ibu. Ke ofụri ofụri, ndị kacha ịrụ on percussion astenik. Ụda doro anya na oké. Gịnị ga-eme iji chọpụta ókè nke akpa ume na-enweghị ike?

1. Maara kpọmkwem ebe ọ bụ na ihe ọ bụ gị mkpa ka anya ná mba ọzọ. Good n'ọnụ ọzụzụ - isi ihe na-aga nke ọma.
2. Bugharịa si a doo anya ụda nzuzu.
3. Aka-plessimetr ga-edina yiri ka kọwaa ókè, ọ kwesịrị ime perpendicular ya.
4. Gị na ogwe aka ga-ala. Percussion adịghị achọ mgbalị.

Na, n'ezie, dị nnọọ mkpa na ahụmahụ. Practice enye obi ike.

Iji ichikota

Percussion - nnọọ mkpa na okwu nke na-achọpụta ọrịa usoro nnyocha. Ọ-enye gị ohere na-enyo ọtụtụ enweghị nchịkwa ọnọdụ nke obi. Ndiiche nke ìhè si ókè nke nkịtị ụkpụrụ, mkpọchị agagharị nke ala ọnu - mgbaàmà nke ụfọdụ oké njọ nke ọrịa, na-adọ nchoputa nke nke dị mkpa maka irè ọgwụgwọ.