Nature Eurasia (foto). Description of ọdịdị nke Eurasia

Eurasia - kasị kọntinent nke ụwa, ka anya nọgidere dịghị ihe ọzọ enyoba. Ọ na-asa site na mmiri nke anọ oké osimiri, niile ihu igwe zones na-hụrụ na ókèala ya. Nature Eurasia bụ otú iche iche na ọ dị mfe ịchọta a kpam kpam na-abụghị na okwu nke ebe. Kama nke Afrika ruru ya ọdịdị ala, ogologo na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke guzobere.

Obodo ọnọdụ

Continent saa site Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific na Indian osimiri. Kacha nso agbata obi na Eurasia - Africa na North America. Na-akpa Chile ejikọrọ via Sinai. North America na Eurasia mbak dịtụ obere Bering Strait.

Afrika na-kewara abụọ n'akụkụ: Europe na Asia. Ókè-ala n'etiti ha na-agba ọsọ n'ebe ọwụwa ụkwụ nke Ural Mountains, n'okpuru ihe ndina nke osimiri Emba, ugwu nke ụsọ oké osimiri nke Caspian Sea, na Kuma-Manych Iduọ Ndutịm Uforo, tinyere ndị edoghi nke nzukọ mmiri nke Oké Osimiri Ojii na Azov Sea na, n'ikpeazụ, na ihe isi ike ijikọ Black Sea na Mediterranean.

The coastline nke Afrika bụ nnọọ indented. Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, ọ na-egosi Scandinavian Peninsula, n'ebe ndịda - Arabia na Indian n'ógbè buru ibu. East Coast nwekwara nsị ihe usụhọde ka mmiri nke Pacific Ocean. Ebe i nwere ike izute na dum yinye agwaetiti: Kamchatka, Greater Sunda na na. North nke Afrika na-ebipụ na-erughị. Ebe ala, karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ pụrụ iche na oké osimiri - na ọ bụ Taimyr Peninsula Kola na Chukchi.

Nature of Eurasia dị ka a dum na-ekpebisi ike site na mmetụta nke oké osimiri mmiri naanị a obere ókè. Ihe kpatara nke a bukwanu ogologo nke Afrika na peculiarities nke ya efe. The n'ókèala sara nke Eurasia ogologo oge nọgidere-agụghị oké ghọtara. Special onyinye mmepe nke Asian n'ókèala mere Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shan na Nikolai Mikhailovich Przewalski.

enyemaka

Natural ebube nke Eurasia - bụ, n'elu ihe nile, ya iche. N'ọtụtụ ụzọ, ọ bụ n'ihi na peculiarities nke enyemaka nke Afrika. Eurasia n'elu niile ọzọ na-. Ebe a na-ugwu na gafere na size yiri guzobe Africa, Australia na Amerịka. The kasị ama elu nke Afrika - Ugwu Everest ma ọ bụ Qomolangma. Ọ bụ kasị elu mgbe nke mbara ala - 8848 mita n'elu oké osimiri.

N'Ọzara ogide buru ibu ebe nke Eurasia. Ha bụ ihe ndị ọzọ karịa ndị ọzọ na-enye. Ozugbo bụ ebe kasị ala mgbe na mbara ala ala - a na ịda mbà n'obi nke Oké Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ. Dị iche n'etiti ya na Everest bụ mkpokọta 9 kilomita.

guzobere

Ihe kpatara nke a di iche iche nke teren n'elu idu ke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ya guzobere. Na obi nke Afrika ụgha Yurop lithospheric efere, esịnede akpa nkata nke dị iche iche afọ. Ọtụtụ "ochie" ebe - a South China, East European, Siberia na Sino-Korean n'elu ikpo okwu. Ha na-esonyere mesịrị nkume formations. Ka guzobe nke Afrika ka ndị a nyiwe e kwukwara iberibe nke oge ochie Gondwana, nke na-edina taa ke obi nke Indian n'ógbè buru ibu na Arabian Peninsula.

The n'ebe ndịda onu nke Yurop efere - a mpaghara nke elu seismic ọrụ. E nwere ugwu ụlọ Filiks. N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Afrika n'okpuru Yurop efere ekpe ihu Pacific, guzobere n'ihi nke miri emi Ikuku na ọtụtụ agwaetiti arcs. Ala Ọma Jijiji na yiri ọdachi - bụghị ihe ọhụrụ n'ihi na a na mpaghara.

A na-akpọ ọkụ mgbanaka Pacific na-emi odude na a nnukwu ego nke eruptions. The kasị elu nke na-arụ ọrụ na ókèala Eurasia - bụ Kluchevskoy (4750 m n'elu oké osimiri larịị).

Agachoputa ihe onyinye Afrika ọdịdị ala mere na glaciation n'oge ochie nwere n'ebe ugwu nke Afrika.

N'Ọzara na ugwu ukwu, agadi na-eto eto

Nature Eurasia agbanweela ọtụtụ mgbanwe. Sara mbara West Siberia Plain, nke enyene otu n'ime ndị mbụ ebe na square na ụwa, bụ otu ugboro na ala nke oké osimiri. Taa anya gara aga yiri a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke sedimentary nkume na-erukwa na ebe a.

Chile ugwu bụghị mgbe nile ka ha na-egosi taa. Ihe odide kasị ochie nke ha - na Altai, na Urals, na Tien-Shan, Scandinavian. ugwu ụlọ usoro ebe a ka ogologo biri, na oge fọdụrụ na ha ya akara. Arrays ebe merụsịrị mebiri emebi. N'ebe ụfọdụ, Otú ọ dị, wee ebe na mgbe e mesịrị na-ewelite.

"Young" ridges ụdị abụọ eriri na n'ebe ndịda na ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Afrika. Na otu onye n'ime ha, ndị Alpine-Himalaya na-agụnye Pamir, Caucasus, na Himalayas, na Alps, na Carpathians, ndị Pyrenees. Ụfọdụ ndị ridges belt converge, akpụ a dị larịị. The kasị ibu nke ha - nke a bụ Pamir, na kasị elu - Tibet.

Nke abụọ mpaghara, na Pacific, ndinyanade mbịne si Kamchatka na Greater Sunda Islands. Ọtụtụ nke ugwu dị ebe a, na-nwuchapu ma ọ bụ agbọpụta ọkụ.

akụ na ụba nke Afrika

Atụmatụ na-agụnye ọdịdị nke Eurasia na pụrụ iche na ya di iche iche nke mineral. Na ókèala nke Chile wepụ dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ, ma obere tungsten na tin. Ha na ubi na-emi odude ke n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Afrika.

Na Eurasia na mined gold na diamonds, rubies na nkume safaya. The Afrika bụ ọgaranya ígwè ore ego na ya. Ebe a, na a ukwuu nke na-amị mmanụ na gas. On mee nke a minerals Eurasia n'ihu niile ọzọ na-. The kasị ibu ego na na-dị na Western Siberia, na Arabian Peninsula. Natural gas na mmanụ na-na-na na ala nke North Oké Osimiri.

Eurasia bụ ma ama na coal ego na ya. On Afrika nwekwara bauxites mined, table na potassium nnu.

ihu igwe

Yurop di iche iche nke uwa bụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi peculiarities nke Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe. Chile ama maka ha mara mma mgbanwe mberede site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda na ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Isi atụmatụ ọdịdị nke Eurasia na Indochina Peninsula na Indian n'ógbè buru ibu a kpụrụ n'okpuru nduzi nke mmiri udu. Part nke afọ ha ịfụ site na oké osimiri ma na-ewetara a nnukwu ego nke mmiri ozuzo. Na oyi mmiri udu-abịa site Afrika. N'oge okpomọkụ n'elu ewe iwe ala kpụrụ ala nsogbu mpaghara, na ebe a na-abịa site na oké osimiri Equatorial ikuku pụta.

Karịsịa ọdịdị nke Eurasia ke akụkụ ebe ndịda nke Afrika na-metụtara elu ugwu, ndinyanade mbịne site n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. The Alps, na Caucasus, na Himalayas. Ha na-adịghị ka oyi ikuku si n'ebe ugwu na n'otu oge ahụ adịghị egbochi banye n'ime miri n'ime ooh pụta ọbịbịa si Atlantic Ocean.

The kasị dịrị mmiri mmiri ebe Afrika bụ ndị ebe monsoons ime site na oké osimiri na ridges. N'ihi ya, a nnukwu ego nke ọdịda na ndịda mkpọda nke Western Caucasus. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị dịrị mmiri mmiri ebe na mbara ala na-dị na India, na ụkwụ nke South-Eastern Himalayas. Ebe a na-emi odude obodo Cherrapunji.

onodu ubochi zones

Nature Eurasia mgbanwe dị ka anyị na-aga site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Ọ bụghị dịghị ihe ọzọ ọrụ a na-egwuri site onodu ubochi zones. The n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Afrika, gụnyere Arctic agwaetiti - bụ ala kpọrọ nkụ nke na oyi na-atụ mpaghara. Na-adịkwaghị ala okpomọkụ, ikuku tọọ elu dị ole na ole na n'oge okpomọkụ. N'oge oyi, ndị Arctic Climate ji oké frosts.

Ndị na-esonụ ugboro na-ji obere oké ọnọdụ. Subarctic idụhe ke Eurasia adịkwaghị a obere ebe, a warara ndinyanade mbịne site n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Ọ na-agụnye n'àgwàetiti Iceland.

The kasị dị ịrịba ama size na-adịdebeghị mmiri n'ókèala enyene edem edere ọnọdụ mpaghara. Ọ e ji a jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na mgbanwe nke ihu igwe na ụdị dị ka anyị na-esi n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Yurop region n'ókè nke Atlantic Ocean, ihe e ji mara nwayọọ na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi na Ugboro mmiri ozuzo na foogu (okpomọkụ anaghị dobe n'okpuru 0º), jụụ urukpuru okpomọkụ (nkezi 10-18º) na elu iru mmiri (ebe a dara 1000 mm ọdịda). Otú ahụ na atụmatụ ndị e ji mara nke ọnọdụ Maritime idụhe.

N'ebe mmetụta nke ọdịda anyanwụ nke ụsọ oké osimiri Atlantic Ocean na-eme. Ọ gbatịrị na Ural Mountains ọnọdụ continental idụhe. Nke a na ebe e ji ọkụ summers na oyi na-atụ oyi. Behind na Ural Mountains nke Eurasia uwa mere ka continental ọnọdụ ihu igwe. Na Middle na Central Asia ọ bụ nnọọ na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge okpomọkụ na oyi na-atụ n'oge oyi. Okpomọkụ n'okpuru 50º ntu oyi. N'ihi na obere ego nke snow n'ala na-oyi kpọnwụrụ ezu oké omimi.

N'ikpeazụ, na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ọnọdụ mpaghara mmiri udu ihu igwe na-aghọ. Ya isi dị iche - a doro anya mgbanwe nke n'oge a kara ikuku pụta.

Site Iberia na Pacific Ocean erukwa subtropical idụhe. Ọ na-ekewa zones. Galik Mediterranean ihu igwe e ji ọkụ, ezo winters na-ekpo ọkụ akọrọ summers. Ka anyị na-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ iru mmiri ebelata. Central belt ebe - na continental subtropical ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ summers, oyi, ala mmiri na-ezo.

East n'ụsọ oké osimiri, n'ókè nke Pacific Ocean, nwere nnukwu iru mmiri. Air pụta abịa ebe a ke ndaeyo, kwafuru-adịghị agwụ agwụ mmiri ozuzo na-eme ka iju mmiri osimiri. Na oyi subtropical mmiri udu ihu igwe dị iche iche okpomọkụ ka 0º.

The iche iche nke uwa Eurasia eke ebe

Ihu Igwe zones nke Afrika enye ịpụ iche nke ya mgbanwe nke ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi. Ebe a na-niile eke ebe, nke na-hụrụ na mbara ala. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ike ịgbanwe a nwoke. Karịsịa ya nchegbu na ebe kwesịrị ekwesị n'ihi na ugbo, na ebe maka a nke ọma na ọnụnọ. Wildlife nke Eurasia, Otú ọ dị, ikpe ẹnịm, na taa na-etinyere ọ bụla mgbalị na mgbe a ogologo oge ndị mmadụ maara ihe bụ na mbụ gburugburu ya.

The ebube nke ọdịdị na kọntinent nke Eurasia bụghị ihe ọhụrụ. E nwere osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ ahụghị ebe ọ bụla ọzọ. Yurop di iche iche nke uwa ka ike a n'ebe were were, na mgbe ụfọdụ nnọọ mberede mgbanwe nke igwe na abukari zones.

aka ike ugwu

A warara nke n'ókèala Eurasia ndinyanade mbịne mpaghara arctic desert, tundra na ọhịa tundra. N'ihi na nke ihu igwe siri ike e nwere obere ihe ọkụkụ. Sara Mbara ebe nke ala afọ-gburugburu ịnọgide "gba ọtọ". The ụmụ anụmanụ ebe ị pụrụ ịchọta polar bea, reindeer, Arctic nkịta ọhịa. N'ihi na teren e ji a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke anụ ufe ọ bịarutere na-ekpo ọkụ oge.

Tundra karịsịa efekarị na nnukwu omimi nke permafrost. Atụmatụ ndị a iduga a ji mara ndị na guzobere ebe swamps.

apịtị

South nke tundra bogs na-hụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu. Apịtị, emi odude ebe a, a na-ekewa European na Asian. The mbụ na-adịkwaghị conifers dị ka pine na spruce. Na ha nade birch, Rowan na Aspen. Ka anyị na-ahụ n'ebe ndịda na ahụkarị maples na osisi oak na ash osisi. Asian apịtị - na ebe omumu nke cedar na fir. Ebe a, na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nkịtị na larch - osisi ẹduọk ha epupụta na oyi.

Animals nke apịtị dịkwa nnọọ iche iche. Ọ bụ ebe obibi aja aja bea, ùrúrù, osa, elk, wolves, nkịta ọhịa na lynx, nakwa dị ka osisi lemming, marten, polecat na weasel. Bird ukwe, - na-emebu ndabere maka ndị a ebe. Ebe i nwere ike ịchọta woodpeckers, ptarmigan, grouse, grouse, ikwiikwii na grouse.

ọhịa ihu

Nature & Animals Eurasia ịdị iche iche na Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe. Na n'ókèala sara nke East European Plain lekwasị nnukwu nke mbuaha ọhịa nke Chile. Na-akpụ akpụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, ha ji nwayọọ nwayọọ taper anya na sinanfiputa na Pacific n'ụsọ oké osimiri.

Na mbuaha ọhịa conifers eto ọnụ, obere-leaved na sara mbara-leaved umu. E nwere ole na ole ala mmiri, ala, sod-podzolic, ọma kwuru na ahihia cover. N'ihi na deciduous ọhịa Atlantic Ala gbara osimiri okirikiri zones na-ji beech na oak. Ke akpatre onu na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na-amalite na-achịkwa. Ọzọkwa ebe a na e nwere hornbeam, maple na Linden. Na Pacific n'ụsọ oké osimiri n'ihi na mmiri udu ihu igwe na oké ọhịa mejupụtara ya bụ nnọọ iche iche.

The fauna na-anọchi anya ebe a site na ọhịa boars, Roe ele, ele, nakwa dị ka ihe fọrọ nke nta niile "bi" nke apịtị. Na Alps na Carpathians izute aja aja bea.

gbanwere mpaghara

N'ebe ndịda ụgha steppe na steppe. Ma zones bụ ike ịgbanwe a nwoke. The ọhịa-steppe - ọ na-nwetụ erukwa nke oké ọhịa na ahịhịa ahịhịa. Steppe mpaghara mejupụtara tumadi nke ọka. Ebe a na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu na-hụrụ òké, gophers, voles, marmots. The eke ahịhịa nke ebe ẹnịm taa naanị na ókèala nke ọdịdị mee.

The ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Gobi ala dị larịị - a mpaghara nke akọrọ steppes. Ebe a na-eto eto ahihia ala, e nwere ebe kpamkpam nke na-enweghị ahịhịa ma ọ bụ saline.

agatụghị adị

ọkara desert na desert zones ogide a akụkụ buru ibu nke Afrika. Ha gbatia si Caspian di ala ala ihe nādighi nke Middle na Central Asia. Isi atụmatụ ọdịdị nke Eurasia ebe a - na fọrọ nke nta ezu enweghị ahịhịa na ogbenye ụmụ anụmanụ. Oké ala oké mmiri ozuzo, akọrọ ikuku, ụrọ na nkume Ona bụ anaghị eme ka ntoputa na ubi, ọbụna herbs. Pụtara ehighị nne ahịhịa na-achọta na aja desat. N'ebe a, "ndụ" wormwood, Astragalus, Haloxylon, Salsola.

The fauna nke n'ọzara, na obere. Otú ọ dị, ebe a ị nwere ike ịhụ ezuru obere fauna dị otú ahụ dị ka anụ-agba anụ ịnyịnya ibu, Przewalski si ịnyịnya. Òké nkịtị a na mpaghara, nakwa dị ka kamel.

subtropics

Na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi na elu mmiri ozuzo na-ekpo ọkụ, akọrọ summers - ọma na ọnọdụ maka sclerophyllous ọhịa na sikrob, nke agbatị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Oké Osimiri Mediterenian. Ebe e nwere ndị okwuchi na Holm oak, fir, nkume pine, ọhịa olive. Nature Eurasia wee agbanweela ọtụtụ mgbanwe ruru mmadụ ọrụ. Oké ọhịa a nke oge a Mediterranean na-fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam egbutu. Ha na-anọchi obere osisi na osisi.

Dịtụ iche anya subtropics nke China na Japanese agwaetiti ndịda. Ebe a na-eto eto mmiri udu ọhịa, e nwere magnolias, nkwụ, camellias, na osisi fig, camphor laurel na achara.

On n'ime akụkụ nke Afrika odude subtropical na okpomọkụ desert na ọkara desert. Nke a mpaghara e ji ya kpọrọ nkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ihu igwe, ala mmiri na-ezo. The osisi na-anọchi anya na otú ahụ dị ka ke desat nke ọnọdụ mpaghara. Ke adianade do, e nwere acacia, na oases eto ụbọchị ọbụ aka ya. The fauna bụ obere: Przewalski ịnyịnya, kulan, jerboa, ele, nkịta ọhịa, hyenas, ịnyịnya ibu ọhịa onager, gerbil.

Nso ụwa

Savannah Yurop - a ebe a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke mkpụrụ na-abawanye, na Sal abụba na teak osisi, acacia osisi. Sara Mbara ebe kpuchie na-agbanwe agbanwe mmiri subequatorial n'oké ọhịa. Ha na-emi odude na n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Indian n'ógbè buru ibu na Indochina, ke ala esịmde nke osimiri Ganges na Brahmaputra, nakwa dị ka na ugwu nke Philippine Islands. Nanị ole na ole osisi na-eto eto ebe a, ẹduọk ha epupụta na ọkọchị.

Na subequatorial ọhịa bụ nnọọ iche iche fauna. Ebe e nwere ndị a dịgasị iche iche nke ungulates, enwe, ọdụm na tiger na ọhịa enyí.

Equatorial ọhịa ụdị dịgasị iche iche nke nkwụ. E nwere ihe karịrị narị atọ na iri umu, na-achọta n'etiti ha, na aki oyibo. Na nke a nkebi nwekwara ọtụtụ nke achara.

Ihu Igwe zones nke ugwu ebe

Karịsịa ọdịdị nke Eurasia - na na ọ bụ n'ụzọ doro anya kwesiri ngosi mgbanwe ke ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi na Alps na Himalayas. Ndị a ugwu bụ ndị kasị elu na Europe na Asia, karị. Alps kacha esịmde 4807 mita (Mont Blanc). On ndịda mkpọda na-emi odude na ala na mpaghara nke elu-elu belt. Ọ gbatịrị ruo 800 m, na nwere atụmatụ nke Mediterranean idụhe. Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Alps tumadi dị mbuaha na beech ọhịa. Nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na ala ihu igwe mpaghara drier. Ebe a na-amụbawanye pine na beech ọhịa, interspersed na steppe ala ahịhịa juru. Nke abụọ mpaghara gbatịrị ka larịị nke 1800 m. Ebe a na-emi odude oak na beech ọhịa, e nwere conifers. Ọzọ, sub-Alpine belt (ruo 2300 m) e ji bushes na ahịhịa ahịhịa. N'elu E nwere ihu ọma naanị crustose lichens.

Na ụkwụ nke Eastern Himalayas na-emi odude Terai, apịtị dị ebe. Ebe a nkwụ, achara, Sal. Ezi iche iche fauna nke mpaghara ebe a. Ebe i nwere ike ịhụ agwọ, enyí, tiger, enyí ọhịa, enwe, agụ owuru na na. Territory site na 1500 ruo 2000 m n'elu oké osimiri larịị ogide Evergreen subtropical n'oké ọhịa. N'elu-abawanye na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke deciduous na coniferous umu. Ájị osisi na ahịhịa ahịhịa na-amalite mgbe 3500 m.

N'ihi ọdịdị nke ọdịdị ala, di iche iche nke uwa Eurasia bụ a pụrụ iche nke ụwa anyị. Iche Afrika vigilantly akwalite mmasị na ya na akụkụ nke na-eme nnyocha na ndị njem. Otú ọ dị, nkọwa nke ọdịdị nke Eurasia na akpoturu metụtara nke mmadụ ọrụ bụ dịtụ mma. Dị ka ihe ọ bụla ọzọ na Afrika, n'ógbè agbanweela a ọtụtụ mgbanwe ebe a. A nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na-adịdebeghị mmiri, na-achọ na mmepe nke ugbo, mgbe nile na Ngwuputa. Ya mere, ebe kwesịrị ekwesị n'ihi nzube a dị nnọọ iche si kwuo na nke ha na chi ọbụbọ nke ndi mmadu. Taa Eurasia - a buru ibu na ubi, na isi obodo na hapụrụ obodo nta, nnukwu ulo oru okụre. Save anụ ọhịa mgbe ada ada. Iji zọpụta obere ụdị anụmanụ na osisi kere mee, ma ha adịghị nnọọ ịnagide ọrụ. Ma, echiche banyere mkpa nke ịkpachara anya gasị ụwa na-esiwanye a na-akwado ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị. Olileanya, ekele a magburu onwe ọdịdị nke Eurasia, photos nke dị na peeji nke niile thematic magazin, ga-anọgide na ọ bụghị naanị na foto na-eme n'ọdịnihu.