Non-carious ọnya ezé: ụdị, na-akpata, ọgwụgwọ

Non-carious ọnya ezé - a Ugboro onu na eze omume. Nke a na-agụnye a dịgasị iche iche nke ọrịa dị iche iche etiology, na-adakarị n'obiọma.

echiche

Non-carious ọnya ezé - a buru ibu otu ọrịa na pathologies. Ndị a gụnyere ndị niile mmebi nke Enamel, eze anụ ahụ ọrịa nke na-abụghị nje okike. Ka njupụta ha ogide nke abụọ ebe mgbe caries. Nke a na ụdị mmerụ nwere ike a dịgasị iche iche nke mgbaàmà na-adakarị picture, dị iche iche site na ha, na-akpata. Ma, ha niile na-congenital ma ọ bụ enwetara.

Nwere ike a dị iche iche nkesa - emetụta onye ma ọ bụ niile nke ezé a n'usoro, na akụkụ ụfọdụ na a kpọmkwem iji. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a ọrịa na-chọpụtara siri ike, dị ka ihe mgbaàmà nke dị iche iche pathologies ndị yiri na-adịkarịghị distinguishable n'aka ibe ha. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ezughi oke ihe ọmụma nke ọrịa, nke sikwuoro ya nchọpụta na enwekwu ihe ize ndụ nke nsogbu. Ke idaha emi, nwere ike inyere nanị ndị kasị mma eze clinics, nke ga-bulie ezi ọgwụgwọ nhọrọ (atụ, "cm-Clinic", nke nwere ọtụtụ alaka Moscow, "Diamed" ma ọ bụ "Dentalux-M").

Nhazi ọkwa nke na-abụghị carious ọnya

N'ihi na nke dịgasị iche iche nke ọrịa ndị metụtara echiche nke "ndị na-abụghị carious ọnya ezé", ha nhazi ọkwa bụghị a n'ozuzu nabatara ọkọlọtọ. Ọ bụrụ na ị tinye elu niile nke data nwere ike generalized nweta a ndepụta ụdị ọnya.

1. Pathology mmepe na- teething :

• The anomaly nke udi, size.
• Fluorosis (mottled ezé).
• Enamel hypoplasia (otito aghara).
• Pathology nke butere n'aka agwa ezé Ọdịdị (odontogenesis, amelodentinogenez).
• Syphilis (congenital).
• Ọzọ daa ọrịa metụtara na mpụga ihe (ọgwụ nje, RH ọrịa).

2. enwe mgbanwe ndị ọrịa ike nha nha anụ ahụ:

• Complete nha nha ọnwụ.
• Ozize.
• The agba mgbanwe mgbe ọkọ.
• The ụba uche nke anụ ahụ.

3. Mgbanwe esịtidem Ọdịdị nke ahụ eze :

• Root mgbaji ọkpụkpụ.
• Na eze nke mgbọrọgwụ.
• Mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke eze okpueze.
• Oghere nke pulp.

Na mba anyị, o yikarịrị ka iji ọzọ nhazi ọkwa chọrọ na 1968 V. K. Patrikeevym. Dị ka ya na-abụghị carious ọnya ezé kewara abụọ iche iche.

1. weere metere tupu ọkọ:

• The anomaly nke ọkọ na mmepe.
• Hypoplasia ezé.
• Hyperplasia.
• Fluorosis.
• Butere n'aka ọrịa.

2. weere ịda mgbe ọkọ:

• Ozize.
• Nkpirikpi ekara nkwarụ.
• Ike anụ ahụ necrosis.
• eze hyperesthesia.
• Ihicha.
• Injury ezé.
• Pigmentation.

hypoplasia

Ya mere na-akpọ daa ọrịa nke eze na anụ ahụ n'oge ya guzobere, ya bụ, ụmụ ruo teething. Ndị dị otú ahụ a iro na-kpatara ezughi oke mineralization nke anụ ahụ. The isi mma - zuru enweghị ihe ngwa ma ọ bụ ihe abnormally obere ya mmepe. hypoplasia nke ezé pụrụ ịbụ ma congenital ma ọ bụ ịzụlite mgbe amuchara nwa. E nwere ọtụtụ ihe:

• nne esemokwu RH-akpata na-na nwa,
• na-efe efe ọrịa ahụhụ site nne n'oge ime, na-efe efe na nwa mgbe na nwa,
• ike ụtụtụ ọrịa na-eso afọ ime,
• prematurity, trauma n'oge nnyefe,
• daa ọrịa nke mmepe nke nwa mgbe amuchara nwa,
• dystrophy, ọrịa nke eriri afọ tract,
• metabolic ọrịa,
• otito aghara nke ụbụrụ ọrụ,
• n'ibu mmebi nke n'agba ọkpụkpụ.

E nwere ihe abụọ na ụdị hypoplasia - systemic na obodo. The mbụ e ji ọnya nke ezé, ala Enamel ọkpụrụkpụ ma ọ bụ ya na-anọghị. Nwere odo tụrụ. Obodo dị nnọọ iche-emeri ma ọ bụ abụọ na ozu. E na-hụrụ dịghị Enamel (ele mmadụ anya n'ihu ma ọ bụ full), bughi ntụpọ nke ezé - ha nwere ike nkwarụ. Ndị a na-anaghị ekwe ka ihe mgbu. Hypoplasia oké ụdị akpata ụba abrasion ezé, anụ ahụ mbibi ma ọ bụ ngụkọta ọnwụ nke ahụ ahụ, mmepe nke malocclusion. hypoplasia ọgwụgwọ mejupụtara bleaching ezé (n'oge ogbo) na ndochi ma ọ bụ prosthesis (oké ọrịa). N'out oge rụrụ Enamel remineralization ọgwụ preparations (e.g., calcium gluconate ngwọta). Iji gbochie omume hypoplasia na ụmụ ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime na-ume kwesịrị isi nri nwere vitamin nha nha (D, C, A, B), na calcium Fluoride, nakwa dị ka ịgbasochi ka onu ọcha na ịdị ọcha.

hyperplasia

Hyperplasia - na-abụghị carious ọnya ezé jikọtara oké guzobere nke eze arọ. Ha dị bụ n'ihi ihe nhata nke epithelial sel, Enamel na dentin. Ọ puta ìhè n'ụdị "tụlee", nke a na-akpọ "Enamel ib." Ha nwere ike iru 5 mm n'obosara. Isi nke ebe orunótu - n'olu nke ezé. Dị otú ahụ dobe mejupụtara Enamel, dentin n'ime nwere ike juu ma ọ bụ connective anụ ahụ, yiri a pulp. E nwere ise ụdị ndị dị otú ahụ ụlọ ọrụ na ha mebere atumatu:

• ezi-Enamel - iso naanị nke Enamel,
• Enamel-dentine - Enamel dentine n'ime shei mejupụtara,
• Enamel-dentine tụlee na pulp - bụ n'ime connective anụ ahụ,
• Rodriguez tụlee - Ponty - Enamel guzobere na periodontal n'etiti mgbọrọgwụ na alveoli,
• vnutridentinnye - odude miri emi na dentin.

Hyperplasia anụ ahụ nke ezé clinically anaghị egosipụta onwe, ọ dịghị eme ka ihe mgbu, mbufụt, ma ọ bụ ọ bụla erughị ala. Anyị nwere ike na-egosi aesthetic akpata, ma ọ bụrụ na ihe anomaly emetụta n'ihu ezé.

Na nke a, a na-egwe na n'elu leveling. N'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa adịghị ewute, ọ dịghị ọgwụgwọ. Mgbochi na-echebe nwa ọhụrụ ezé si ezé ure, n'ihi na mbibi ha nwere ike ime ka disruptions na mgbe niile na mmepe.

fluorosis

Fluorosis emee n'oge guzobere nke eze na anụ ahụ ruru oké oriri nke fluorine. Ọ gbanwere ziri ezi Ọdịdị nke ahụ Enamel na ime ka ya na mpụga ntụpọ - ọdịdị tụrụ, n'ọnyá, n'ahịrị n'ahịrị, ọchịchịrị specks. Na mmepe nke a daa ọrịa na-ekere òkè ọ bụghị naanị ihe overabundance nke Fluoride, ma a enweghị calcium. Na ụmụ, Fluoride accumulates ọzọ na ndị ọzọ ngwa ngwa karịa ndị okenye, ọ bịarutere na nri na mmiri. Igbunye dị iche-iche nke eze na fluorosis:

• kụriri - egosipụta ọdịdị ọcha n'ọnyá enweghị a doro anya ụzọ;
• Uke - ji acha tụrụ na a ezigbo elu;
• chalky-agwa - Mat ma ọ bụ onwunwu tụrụ enwe ọcha, aja aja ma ọ bụ odo agba (nwere ike imetụta niile ezé);
• erosive - multiple ozize nke Enamel elu;
• ebibi (gbawara n'etiti ezé ma ọ n'ụzọ zuru ezu osụhọ) - deleterious usoro metụtara fluorosis.

Ọgwụgwọ fluorosis iche iche dabere n'ụdị nke ọrịa. N'ihi ya, mgbe a hụrụ ụdị rụrụ bleaching na remineralization, ma ọ dị mkpa - elu oyi akwa nke Enamel Mbelata kwesịrị. Ma erosive ụdị ndị dị otú ahụ ụzọ adịghị agwọ, e nwere mkpa ka weghachi ezé veneers ma ọ bụ okpueze. The n'ozuzu ụzọ nke ọgwụgwọ na-agụnye remineralization, mweghachi nke na udi ma na agba n'ahụ, obodo na mmetụta na-ahụ, na-achịkwa ha retara fluorine.

ozize

Carious ọnya na-agụnye ndị dị otú ahụ mebiri Enamel ozize. Ya guzobere-apụta na a mgbanwe nke agba, aesthetic mmebi nke ezé, nakwa dị ka nnukwu uche. Achọpụtara site visual nnyocha. Ozize eze ji a nwayọọ nwayọọ na-mbibi nke Enamel na dentine, maka ala ala ọrịa, ọ ga-ewe ogologo oge. The akpata ọrịa nwere ike n'ibu agwa, n'ihi na ihe atụ, na-eji scrubbing ma ọ bụ pastes na abrasive ahụ. Ọzọkwa, ozize nwere ike mere site na a chemical ihe na Enamel mgbe ewe nri na ihe ọṅụṅụ na na acidity (pickles, citrus mkpụrụ osisi na ihe ndị ọzọ). Ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ metụtara mgbe nile inhalation nke na-emerụ bekee, mgbe mgbe, na-ata ahụhụ si dị otú ahụ ọnya ezé. The ojiji nke ọgwụ ụfọdụ nwere ike na-eme ka ọrịa (e.g., a nnukwu ego nke ascorbic acid dị njọ na-emetụta Enamel).

Akpata mbibi nke ezé nwekwara ike ịbụ a malfunction nke afo (ụba acidity nke ya gburugburu) ma ọ bụ thyroid. Iji mata ọrịa na nzọụkwụ mbụ kpamkpam, dị ka ọ na-egosi na ọnwụ nke ìhè na a otu obere nke ebe nha nha. The n'ihu N'ezie nke ọrịa na-arụpụta na gradual nēfedakwasi Enamel na dentin. Ọ anya dị ka a eyi ezé, ihe ka ọtụtụ na ala. Ọgwụgwọ dabeere nkwụsị mbibi nke nha nha anụ ahụ. Ọ na-agụnye itinye appliqués na calcium na fluorine ọdịnaya nke banyere ụbọchị 20, ọzọ otụk ebe kpuchie ftorlakom. Ikekwe iji veneers ma ọ bụ okpueze iji weghachi aesthetic anya. The jikọtara ọgwụ gụnyere calcium preparations na site, na vitamin maka ezé. Ọ bụrụ na ekpe untreated ozize, ọ pụrụ ime ka hypersensitivity nke ezé.

hyperesthesia

Hyperesthesia nha nha Enamel Egosipụta ụba uche na ọtụtụ ikpe bụ concomitant mgbaàmà nke ọzọ na-abụghị carious ọrịa. Njupụta nke ọrịa a dị elu: banyere 70% nke ndị bi na-ata ahụhụ hyperesthesia, mgbe mgbe, ọ na-emetụta ụmụ nwanyị. Ediyarade - nkọ, oké ihe mgbu na-ewe ihe karịrị iri atọ sekọnd na-egosi n'elu n'ebe mpụga ihe Enamel. Hypersensitivity kewara ụdị dị ka ọtụtụ ibiere:

1. Nkesa:

• mmachi ụdị - na-emetụta onye ọ bụ karịa ezé;
• generalized - e ji uche nke niile akụkụ.

2. Mmalite:

• ụdị hyperesthesia jikọtara ọnwụ nke nha nha anụ ahụ;
• metụtara ọnwụ, n'ihi na izugbe ala nke organism.

3. The adakarị picture:

• mgbu ime ka a nzaghachi mpụga stimuli okpomọkụ (oyi na-atụ mmiri);
• ezé-eme chemical stimuli (ụtọ ma ọ bụ acidic oriri);
• nzaghachi niile stimuli, gụnyere tactile.

hypersensitivity ọgwụgwọ ọkachamara kenyere dabere na ihe na-akpata ya omume, na mgbagwoju anya nke nsogbu na iche-iche nke ọrịa. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọ dị mkpa ka ịwa ahụ (e.g., na-enweghị nchịkwa na ẹsụhọde goms na ezé na-gụrụ cervical mpaghara), na mgbe ụfọdụ nwere ike na-akụzi ọgwụgwọ usoro, dị ka na-ebikwasị fluorinated ngwa na mebiri emebi ebe. Orthodontic ọgwụgwọ nwere ike a chọrọ ma ọ bụrụ na hypersensitivity n'ihi ụba abrasion ezé. Mgbochi - dietary oriri nke nile dị oké mkpa mineral na vitamin na-eme ka eze anụ ahụ, mgbe na ezi na ojiji nke ọnụ na edebe ihe ọcha, nakwa dị ka afọ ule site a dọkịta eze.

Nkpirikpi ekara nkwarụ

Nkpirikpi ekara ntụpọ - nha nha ọnwụ, nke isi na-ebibi ya. Atugharị gosipụtara imebi nha nha olu na a nkpirikpi udi. Ọtụtụ mgbe ewekarị ntụpọ fangs. Mgbe mbụ ogbo bụ negligible, ọ bụ ike ịchọpụta. Na ogologo oge N'ezie nke ọrịa na e nwere a darker ndo na lesion. Isi mgbaàmà nke a nkpirikpi ekara ntụpọ - ezé mgbu na-eme ka mmetụta nke okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ oyi, ụtọ oriri, anụ ahụ mmetụta (ihicha). Ihe kpatara nke na-emepe emepe na ọrịa nwere ike ịbụ a enweghị ọcha na ịdị ọcha nke onu uji eze, n'ụzọ ahịhịa - ma ọ bụrụ na ụlọmkposhi na ọkpụkpụ a kpụworo isi bụ nje ihe e dere ede, ọ ga-ebibi ndị Enamel, na-eduga a nkpirikpi nkwarụ. Ọzọkwa, ihe na-akpata nwere ike ịbụ a chịngọm ọrịa ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka gingivitis na periodontitis, mkpọchị thyroid ọrụ, mụbara acidity nke afo, na-eme nrekasi obi. Ọgwụgwọ nkpirikpi nkwarụ na-adabere na ogo nke ihe ọjọọ.

Na ala ezu jide mgbaji ọkpụkpụ Mbelata usoro na-eme ka calcium na Fluoride na Enamel na belata ya uche na mpụga ihe. Na ike mmebi ime na-enweghị echichi nke a akara. ndị dị otú ahụ na akàrà-ada nke-achọghị ka ọnọdụ nke ntụpọ. Kasị eze clinics na-enwe ike idozi nsogbu a site na-egwu ala a oghere a na-udi, nke na-esetịpụ ihe akara, na ojiji nke pụrụ iche na-agbanwe ihe.

Necrosis ike anụ ahụ

Necrosis eze ike anụ ahụ na nzọụkwụ mbụ gosiri na ọnwụ nke Enamel gloss tụrụ pụtara chalky. Na usoro nke-emepe emepe na ọrịa, ha na-aghọ ọchịchịrị aja aja. Na lesion nro anụ ahụ, Enamel adịkwaghị, mgbe onye ọrịa nwere ike mkpesa na ọ gbawaa ezé. Dentin pigmentation emee. Na-emekarị na-emetụta ihe karịrị otu gị n'ụlọnga, ma ọtụtụ. Uche na-ụba na mpụga stimuli. Ọ na-metụtara nanị akụkụ ụfọdụ tumadi na n'olu nke eze, nakwa dị ka V ekara ntụpọ na ozize. Ma, n'agbanyeghị nke yiri mgbaàmà, na otụk ebe, ahụmahụ dọkịta ezé ga-enwe ike na-adị mfe iche na ọrịa ọ bụla ọzọ na-eme ka a ziri ezi nchoputa. Nke a daa ọrịa emee megide a ndabere nke mmiri ọgwụ ahaghị nhata ke idem. Ọgwụgwọ na-eduzi na-ewusi ike na eze na anụ ahụ, iwepu hypersensitivity (hyperesthesia), na n'oké ikpe kenyere orthopedic ọgwụ.

eze trauma

Okwu ahụ bụ "trauma ezé" agwakọta a n'ibu mmebi nke mpụga ma ọ bụ esịtidem akụkụ nke ezé. Ha na-akpata nwere ike na-akpọ ọdịda, ahuwo Nnam ka n'agba ọkpụkpụ n'oge egwuregwu, ịlụ ọgụ, ihe mberede. Na ruo ogologo oge n'ebe eze mba ọzọ ihe ma ọ bụ nri siri ike na-akpa ákwà ya thinner na-kenkuwa. Na nke a, nsogbu nwere ike ime ọbụna mgbe ịta nri.

Dental unan pụrụ irite site na-ezighị ezi omume eze usoro, dị ka ala-edu ọnọdụ pin. Nwere ike ime ka mebiri na ọrịa ụfọdụ, dị ka hypoplasia, fluorosis, cervical caries, ahu otutu mgbọrọgwụ. Site unan gụnyere fractures nke okpueze ma ọ bụ mgbọrọgwụ, Ekwochapụrụ, chihịara ezé. Injury Ọgwụgwọ dabeere na mkpochapu anụ ahụ na mmetụta na-na-arịa ọrịa ngwa, ịjụ nri siri ike. Na ọgwụgwọ nke eze na eze azụ n'ime oghere ka n'ihu engraftment. Ọ bụrụ na ihe dị otú ahụ ime ihe ọ dịghị atụmanya, dị ka dọkịta ezé, prosthetics ma ọ bụ implants rụrụ. Mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke okpueze na-achọ ozugbo ọgwụgwọ iji weghachi bụghị naanị Lonely ọrụ, ma na-aesthetic anya, karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na mmebi ahụhụ n'ihu ezé. Na nke a, ka na-abụghị nke mbughari okpueze. Mgbe uzo nke na-akpata na-emekarị rụrụ kpamkpam a nha nha ma ọ bụ pin maka iguzobe ịkụbanye.