Popigai ndagwurugwu ahụ na Siberia (foto)

Planet Earth ugboro ugboro "kwafuru" meteor mmiri ozuzo. Mgbe ọdịda nke nnukwu meteor iberibe nke fọdụrụ n'ala na iche metụtara - astrobleme nnukwu nha. Ọkà mmụta sayensị na-enyocha ihe 150 nnukwu "kpakpando ọnya" na a dayameta oscillating na nso 25-500 kilomita.

Ezi nnukwu asteroid mmeto o lere Popigai ndagwurugwu ahụ, emi odude na ókèala nke Russia. Kachasinu n'obosara ya na-họọrọ anọ. Popigai astrobleme - ncheta nke uwa on a mbara ọnụ ọgụgụ, nke dị n'okpuru UNESCO nchebe.

Location Popigai ndagwurugwu ahụ

Banyere 35 nde afọ gara aga na Siberia, na ugwu nke Anabar Shield, ebe Yakutia ókè-ala-ya na Irkutsk mpaghara, a ala etched monolithic ibu eluigwe ahụ ke udi nke a cylinder. Gbawara ụwa elu na Popigaj efere meteor ahapụ a nnukwu gaping oghere omimi nke 150 mita.

Popigai asteroid ndagwurugwu ahụ, ebe a pụrụ iche ubi nke nwa diamonds, enyene akụkụ nke ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ expanses nke Krasnodar mpaghara. The ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mmeto agbatị na Yakutia. M hụrụ a omimi astroblems dayameta nke 100 kilomita ke 1949 AD Kozhevin.

Ọdịdị nke ahụ oghere Popigai

Popigai astrobleme - a kama ibu mgbanaka Ọdịdị. Ọ bụ a Nchikota yiri mgbaaka na ovals. Nke a "Star ọnya" anya dị ka a okirikiri Ikuku. foneelu esịmde a omimi nke 200-400 mita. Ya n'ime ohere na-ikpe jupụtara quaternary ájá na gravels.

The elu mgbanaka nke foneelu esịmde a obosara nke 20-25 kilomita. Ya osisi esịnede sedimentary nkume. Ha nsogbu deformation n'ihi centrifugal otiti na radial fractures na nnukwu njupụta Ndahie.

Na dayameta nke n'ime foneelu - 45 kilomita. Ọ na-kpụrụ site n'ịzụ mgbanaka na metụtara nke percussion. Ọ ga-hụrụ mbibi na iko inclusions. Ọ kpụrụ dị ike oké oyi akwa nke tapawa-dị ka umi.

Popigai oghere Yakutia nwere a isi oyi akwa apịaji impactites. Ya ọkpụrụkpụ bụ banyere abụọ kilomita. Friable ihe dị iche iche size lumps na iberibe kpụrụ allogeneic breccias na a ike nke 150 mita. Impactites kpụrụ iko, gwakọtara gneiss na mineral.

Meteor wupu mgbali so na ebe oria a kachaa 105 pascals na a okpomọkụ banyere 2000 ⁰ C. Nke a rụpụtara na eziokwu na gneiss gbazee ka a mmiri mmiri ala. Ibughari uka, na-agbasa radially na elu na-agba, mgbanaka owuwu kpụrụ. Abụrụ si center nke jets na iyi, na ha na-agbakọta na ala nke foneelu.

Nnọọ ike mmetụta nke ihe asteroid n'ala kpatara nguzobe nke Central mbuli-elu. Mgbe ahụ ọzịza mụbara site inertia ruo na ndagwurugwu ahụ na-ejuputa ma mere, na-agbanwe nloghachi ike bụ zuru ezu.

atụmatụ astrobleme

The ebe gburugburu oghere Popigai nta obodo a. Ke edere astrobleme bụ obere obodo nke otu aha - Popigaj. E nwere ka na-adịghị toro eto, n'agbanyeghị na ugwu nta na-tightened ha ruo iri afọ abụọ mgbe cessation nke na Ngwuputa.

Stony placers-agbasasịkwa ahu, dị ka ájá. Soft ikpe weathered nkume. Ihe kpatara nke a - ije nke elu-ala n'ígwé. N'agbata calcareous irighiri kpụrụ miri cavities.

Mgbe hụrụ a ezigbo mmiri. Dọta ime n'oge a omimi nke otu mita. Water kefriza na cavities, na-akwalite "tapped" n'ígwé. Popigai meteorite oghere - a ebe ala dị na probing na magnetik anomaly. Ikekwe, e emee ihe alloy nke ígwè-nwere bekee.

Amụma "Great ezumike"

Ke 1970, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, dabeere na ọmụmụ nke ọtọ nkume, sediments nke ahụhụ mmetụta agbaze na ndinuak, eche astrobleme meteoric malite. Dị ka ndị nnyocha, na w ahụ jiri n'ime Siberia ala afọ Eocene-Oligocene ikpochapu omume. "Great ezumike" mere n'out oge na guzobere astrobleme.

Oghere - kpatara nuclear oyi

Ọkà mmụta sayensị jikọrọ oke osimiri ụmụ anụmanụ na ọdịda nke meteorite. Ha kweere na ndị dara eluigwe ahụ bụ na-akpata ọnwụ nke toothed whales, akịrịkọ na oké osimiri urchins kama Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe. Na asteroid - isi mkpali nke a na-adịghị mma onu na okike. N'odida ya mere a nuclear oyi, na-egbu ụmụ anụmanụ.

Kpa na ala, nnukwu ohere na ozu na-amanye ime ka ahụ n'ime ikuku. Ìhè anyanwụ gosipụtara si ahụ na-eduga ná a zuru ụwa ọnụ jụrụ. Ọkà mmụta sayensị nyochaa isotopes nke oxygen, carbon, na ndị ọzọ ọcha emejupụta ọgbọ-Eocene na nkume, na ndị achọpụtawo na mgbe sitere Popigai ndagwurugwu ahụ na Siberia, e nwere otu ihe mberede mgbanwe nke Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe. The idụhe nke mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ bụ akọrọ na oyi na-atụ.

Scientific ọmụmụ enen na w nkukota mere ozugbo mgbawa nke irighiri nke sọlfọ ahụ. Ha òké ikuku, ígwè reflectors nke ìhè na okpomọkụ. Mgbanwe ihu igwe emewo ka ịkpatara ya ọnwụ - na ofufe nke ọtụtụ ụdị anụmanụ na osisi.

Geological ọmụmụ nke ndagwurugwu ahụ

Mgbe ịchọputa Popigai ndagwurugwu ahụ bụ na saịtị nke ngagharị ọrụ. Geologists hụrụ na e nwere abụọ isi diamond nkwụnye ego. Ubi "Rock" pụtara 140, na "okuku" - 7 milliardov carats.

Diamonds ebe a bụ n'ihi nke a obere n'ebe oké elu okpomọkụ na nrụgide na coal ego na graphite. Diamond hụrụ na basaltic nkume, nye a pụrụ iche aha - Yakutia.

Ruo mgbe 2012, ihe ọmụma banyere Black Diamond e mara. Ozugbo ọ chọpụtara nke ego na nke ihe ọmụma banyere ha nkewa dị ka nzuzo, na ọmụmụ hụrụ diamond placer kwụsịrị. Ndị ọkachamara na-eme atụmatụ na ndị ọzọ uru na-anọgide na mmepụta nke sịntetik diamonds karịa wepụ na usoro eke nkume. Ke adianade do, geologists kwuru banyere nwa diamond dị ka nke a: na nkume, nke nwere a arọ-oru, na-adabara jewelery nhazi, ha dị mma maka sanding ọrụ.

Geologists ịgagharị Popigai oghere aku nkume-egwu. N'omume e wepụrụ si n'olulu mmiri na a omimi nke 1.7 kilomita. Ugbu a, na nke ebe hapụrụ obodo laithaus banyere otu puku tọn cores gbasasịa n'ala.

njem 2013

Interest na diamond placers astrobleme Popigaj di ndu na-adịbeghị anya. Na 2013, ihe njem e zigara ndagwurugwu ahụ. The results nke ọhụrụ ọmụmụ aghọwo a sensashion. Amụma kpaliri ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kwere na Russian Federation bụ ike derail ndị zuru ụwa ọnụ diamond ahịa.

Atụmanya diamond ego Popigaj

N'agbanyeghị Ịdị ukwuu nke diamond placers, Ngwuputa na-anọgide a nnukwu ajụjụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọgaranya diamonds gbasasịa n'ụzọ nkịtị na ụkwụ, Popigai oghere photos nke na-mere si dị iche iche akụkụ, emepụta ha, ọ na-enyo, na ọ bụ ka aku na uba na-apụtakarị.

Na otu aka, ọ dịghị mkpa na dina mines, na-emighị emi ego mfe igwu egwupụta. Na ndị ọzọ - ha Ngwuputa derail bụghị naanị zuru ụwa ọnụ ahịa nke ulo oru diamonds, kamakwa Russian aku na uba, kwa. Mgbe niile, Russia - ike player na diamond ahịa.

Adịla ngwa na nwa diamond Ngwuputa nakwa n'ihi na ha placers bụ tere n'okporo ụzọ, ha na-adịghị ọnọ na ọkụ eletrik, na-arụ ọrụ ga-eme na aka ike na gburugburu. Industrial akụrụngwa ga-achọ ibu investments.

Basaltic lava, ọgaranya diamonds, otú ike na ọ ike aka ịcha ngwaọrụ. N'ihi na mmịpụta nke nkume dị mkpa otutu teknụzụ na ngwá, nnyocha e mere na-arụ ọrụ, n'ụlọ ime nnyocha nwere.

Akụkụ ndị a nwere oké njọ ego na nzukọ nsogbu na-amanye ya ikwubi na-abaghị uru diamond Ngwuputa. Ma ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na profitability nke na Ngwuputa ga-apụta ìhè, ọ bụghị eziokwu na nkume ozi kpọtara. Mgbe niile, a eluigwe na ala ncheta Popigaj echebe site UNESCO.