Replication - a ibawanye: a cell site na a cell

Ibawanye guzobere abụọ yiri mbipụta - a onu nnọọ nkịtị na ndu usoro. Ọtụtụ mgbe a na ibawanye na-akpọ replication. Nke ikpeazụ nwere ike ime na ọkwa dị iche iche nke nzukọ nke okwu - kpọmkwem site DNA ka chromosomes na dum na mkpụrụ ndụ. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ bụrụ na usoro wee were were, nwetara abụọ yiri nkeji. Replication - a ibawanye nke ugbu a ọla.

Olee kpọmkwem enweghị ebe

The kasị akpali na isi n'ihi na ndị ọzọ nile na umu-atụle DNA replication. Ọ bụ usoro na-ewe ebe n'elu ọtụtụ nkebi, ọ bụla nke ziri ezi bụ oké egwu, n'ihi na inaccuracy ịkpalite njikọ nke nnọọ na-ezighị ezi protein ekwesighi maka ke cell na na organism dị ka a dum.

The amalite

Replication amalite na cell ibawanye DNA, nke nwere n'ihi na ibawanye chromosomes. Ma replication - bụ nkume isi nkuku nke dum usoro. Ọ mejupụtara atọ nkebi: apụ, nnabata, Nke abuo, elongation, na thirdly, nchupu. The ọrụ amalite na enzyme oké egwu ihe - replicators na naanị na ha. Malite na-ezighị ezi ebe ga-agbanwe dum usoro. The enzyme-mkpali activates kpọmkwem edozi na-etolite na tupu replication mgbagwoju chọrọ maka DNA ibawanye. Tupu multiplication nke DNA na-ebipụ ụzọ abụọ site kpọmkwem enzymes.

The arụkọ yinye

Mgbe elongation na matriks wuru arụkọ nne na nna yinye. Nke ahụ bụ, otu na ike mgbe ahụ na-etolite a zuru ezu molekul. The usoro na-agwụ na a nchupu na Oputakwara na a n'otu isi ihe. E nwere a pụrụ iche unit - na replicon. Nke a bụ DNA ibe akwụkwọ na-ewuli elu karịrị oge. DNA replication - na ntọala ahụ, na-enweghị ya na-apụghị replicated chromosomes. Nke ikpeazụ na-adị mgbe a cell na-akwadebe iji kewaa.

Protein ka a ihe ịrịba ama

Ọ na-amalite chromosome ibawanye n'ime awa ole na ole mgbe ọ mere DNA ibawanye. Wughachi chromosome, anyị mkpa ọ bụghị nanị ọhụrụ tent nke deoxyribonucleic acid, ma ndi na-edozi na-akụkụ nke chromosome ngwa, na ha njikọ chọrọ oge. Fast replication - a ịrịba ama nke cancer. Ọ bụrụ na ọ na-achọpụta rụọ ukwuu protein, e ji mara nke ufiop cell nkewa, dọkịta na-amalite itisi mkpu.

ohere ezu

E nwere na usoro nke replication bụ oké mma - na kernel ohere na okwu nke njikọ nke ọhụrụ DNA na-pụtara evenly, ya mere ọ dịghị distortion, nke pụrụ ịkpata a ibe mmetụta. Ezi ọtụtụ ihe, na-emekarị a ọkara abụọ na iri na abuo.

Olee kpọmkwem ga-haziri chromosomes ọ na-adabere na-eme na cell mitosis ma ọ bụ meiosis. Ke akpa idaha, na n'ihi cell ga-abụ na mbụ set, na abụọ - ọkara. Mgbe niile, ọkara nke ọzọ ga-eme ka a cell nke abụọ onye òtù ọlụlụ na -enwe mmekọahụ amụba. Ọ bụrụ na meiosis mberede-ezu set, gamete ma ọ bụ na-unsustainable, ma ọ bụ ga-tụụrụ ime nke a na-arịa ọrịa na nwa. Otú ọ dị, ụmụ ndị a ka na-na-mụrụ ọzọ mgbe, e nwere a ime ọpụpụ na n'oge ime, nne nke na-ike weghara kwa ọnwa ovulation ma ọ bụ ọbara na-agba n'etiti nke okirikiri.