Russia hypersonic ngwá agha

Na mma nke technology nke ọhụrụ na ngwá agha na-aghọ esiwanye Nde nke nke idegharị agha deterrence. The mbụ mmepe nke hypersonic ngwá agha ifịk ifịk nwalere site China, na United States na Britain, nke na-eme Russia na gụnyere a na ogwe aka agbụrụ, na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma. Domestic-emepụta na-arụ ọrụ na isi ihe abụọ ebe, na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ bụghị naanị iwe nwere nke hypersonic ngwá agha, ma na-echebe. Serial mmepụta nke ụdị nke ụdị na elu na mba nwere ike ịbụ na o kwere omume na banyere 10 afọ, ma anyị na-ama na ndị ọhụrụ ọgbọ nke agha na-azara ọnụ na-agaghị enwe ike iguzogide ndị dị otú ahụ egwu.

Atụmatụ hypersonic ngwá agha

Ihe aga-eme na-etinye n'ihu hypersonic ngwá agha tupu e kenyere na nrughari agba, dabeere na ikuku. Na ule nke prototypes egosi na kpụrụ nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ na iji karịrị echiche niile ẹdude analogues ruru ka elu na-agba. Ọnụ na a hypersonic ngwá agha amụbawo ziri ezi na arụmọrụ nke mbibi. Na omume, nke a pụtara na interception nke agha agbachitere nwere taa bụ-agaghị ekwe omume ma ọ bụ ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ siri ike.

Dabere na mata uru, ọ ga-rụrụ ụka na mmetụta na-kere na mberede - mbibi nke lekwasịrị emee banyere otu awa mgbe mkpebi. Agbanyeghị, otú ahụ na atụmatụ gafeworo Russian hypersonic ngwá agha na-enweghị ikwe oge iji kwadebe maka na onye iro ka ichughachiazu pin. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere ọkụkụ nso, mgbe ahụ, ugbu a ọ bụ nanị a puku ole na ole kilomita, ma na n'ọdịnihu dị nso, ọ bụ na o kwere omume iji nweta ihe ọ bụla n'ụwa.

hypersonic egbe

Otu n'ime ndị kasị ekwe Russian tolite na klas a bụ aerodynamic hypersonic ngwá agha - akpa egbe (ma ọ bụ a catapult). Nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu oru ngo amalite aviaustanovki, nke na-emekwa ụfọdụ ihe e kere eke nke a na nzuzo nzukọ. O sina dị, ọ na-amara na akpa egbe adịghị na-akpọ nanị linear itinye n'ọkwa moto, dispersing jets ka ịrịba udu. Ọ na-chere na catapult ga-arụnyere na a pụrụ iche ugbo elu ụgbọelu na a Ndahie nke banyere 80 puku. Tọn, ndị na-ewu nke ga-agwụ agwụ na 2018.

Iji ụbọchị, e nwere prototypes nke yiri ngwá agha na China na United States. Ikwu China, ndị a data na-adịghị ekwenyela, ma Pentagon maka 10 afọ ada mmepe nke a, ugbu a, nwere osisi EMALS, mere maka ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Gerald Ford".

hypersonic akụ ụta

N'ihi na oge mbụ na mkpa ultra-akwa gbapụrụ ọsọ na warheads ekwu okwu na USSR, mgbe mgbalị ndị e mere iji zuo ezu ballistic agha nwere nku supersonic ebubo kama nuclear. Extension nke a echiche bụ ọhụrụ Russian hypersonic ngwá agha na ụdị a hypersonic ugbo elu (GLA). Na mgbakwunye na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ọsọ (. More karịa 5 puku m / s), usoro bụ ike ịgbanwe trajectory - na nonclassical ụgbọ elu nlereanya unit mere otu n'ime a obiọma. SFA bụ ike nke na ije na ohere na ịbanye laghachi ikuku, na-agaghị ekwe omume ọbụna n'ihi oge a na agba.

Otú ọ dị, United States na adịghị eleghara ndị dị otú ahụ na-. Ihe ọzọ bụ na e ji mara na ike na ike ha ukwu ala karịa anụ ụlọ na usoro. Ka ụbọchị, na US nwere a hypersonic ngwá klas a dị iche iche, gụnyere Hyper-X na HySTR prototypes. Ebe ọ bụ na mmepe nke na nzuzo nke ihe ọmụma banyere ha a obere, ma anyị maara na ụfọdụ n'ime ha nọ n'elu ikpo okwu nke ballistic agba nke usoro ngwá agha na-ama na e ji yipụ ahịa.

ịgba akwụkwọ

Na otu aka, fọrọ nke nta niile nke obodo, na-eduga na ntụziaka nke mmepe nke hypersonic ngwá agha na-iji na-huu nchekwa nke oge a ikuku na-azara ọnụ. Ma na aka nke ọzọ, e nwekwara nnọọ n'ụzọ doro anya a mkpa maka nchebe si yiri usoro nke onye iro, n'ihi na ẹdude nzere usoro ndị na-abaghị uru n'ihu agba efe na àjà ihe ọṅụṅụ-akwa gbapụrụ ọsọ.

A ekwe direction na e kere eke nke a ọgbọ ọhụrụ nchedo usoro ndị aerospace ozize - na oge ha nwere ike na-emegide ohere dị ka hypersonic ngwá agha. Russia na nke a nwere ihe na ahụmahụ, dị ka ọ pụtara ìhè site prototypes nke thermobaric na akpa ngwá agha. N'agbanyeghị nke a, njikere mere n'omume, ma ọ bụ ọbụna echiche, dị ka nke onye nwere ike ikwu banyere pụrụ ịdabere na nchebe nke hypersonic ngwá agha ma. The naanị mmepe, nke nwere ike theoretically-enye a iji chebe onwe ọrụ si n'ala, bụ mgbochi agha usoro S-500, nke bụ naanị na-atụ anya na omume.

pụtara ìhè mmetụta

Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ tụnyere ike imeri hypersonic ngwá agha na ọdịda nke meteorite (n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi ihe-ndebe ọnụego), na warheads enweghị explosives, otú ahụ detonation nke mgbọ onye iro ihe na-adịghị egwu. Ma hypersonic ngwá agha-abụrụ oké egwu. The ike nwere, nke a na-kenyere a ot dara shei erikpu banyere 20 n'arọ, n'oge mmalite-elu-ewe ịrịba kinetic ike. Nke a na-eme ka ihe ọkụ usu nke enwekwu dị ka warhead gbatịrị n'etiti abụọ rails obubata. Nnukwu ichekwa ike na-amalite ike warheads na ụdi ndọrọ ego nke okpomọkụ si na gbọmgbọm nke ngwá agha - na-enye ọjọọ hypersonic ngwá agha.

Engines maka hypersonic ugbo ala

The ndabere na nke ịzụlite kasị ekwe Russian hypersonic ngwá agha mmasị niile ugboelu engines maka aircrafts nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ. E rọketi-ramjet, turbopryamotochnye na ramjet propulsion usoro, nke ka iji belata ibu ngwá, ma n'otu oge ịnọgide na-enwe a elu pụtara ìhè nwere. Dị ka ihe atụ, a ramjet engine nwere ike na-agụnye na ngwaọrụ na SPVRD scramjet, nke e mepụtara ebe ọ bụ na 1960 na taa nwere kachasị usoro ọrụ na àjà ihe ọṅụṅụ-akwa gbapụrụ ọsọ.

Ọzọ ebe mmepe

Echiche nke hypersonic ngwá agha okụt ebe ọzọ niches nke ụlọ agha-ulo oru mgbagwoju. Ka ihe atụ, na ojiji nke ndị dị otú ahụ na nkà na ụzụ na-ekwe kwa na ihe e kere eke nke atụ bọmbụ. The na-akpọ waveriders dị ka akụ ụta, nwere ọhụrụ aerodynamic atụmatụ, ikwe na-aga n'ime ohere na-azọpụta mmanụ ụgbọala. Ọzọkwa, ndị nnọchiteanya nke na-azara ọnụ oru ugboro ugboro kwuru na Russia na-akwadebe a ọhụrụ achịkwa warheads, hypersonic yiri US agha-ụdị ngwe CAV agụ nkwọ.

Ikekwe nke a merela agadi unmanned ugbo elu, nke na-ugboelu engines nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ ga-arụnyere. Ọ bụla, nso nke ụzọ Russian injinia na-arụ ọrụ, bụ nnọọ ukwuu, na-eme n'ọdịnihu ga-enye ike nchebe na irè-akpasu iwe nwere.

ọgwụgwụ

Na oge a na nghọta nke hypersonic ngwá agha nweela ewu ewu ekele na United States, mgbe echiche nke a "zuru ụwa ọnụ iku ngwa ngwa" e chepụtara. N'afọ malitere ogwe aka agbụrụ, na-adịbeghị anya na-aga ule na-adọ nke mbụ prototypes nke hypersonic ngwá agha. Russia ọ na-ewe ma ọ bụrụ na abụghị nke mbụ, otu n'ime ndị na-eduga n'ebe.

N'etiti ya uru na-agụnye ọ bụghị nanị na na-omimi mma nke ẹdude ndị na nke a oru, dị ka ekwe omume nke na ijikọta echiche nke a hypersonic agha, na ikuku na ohere agbachitere. Na nke a na-ewu na-mepụtara ugbo elu nwalere ọzọ fuels, gụnyere hydrogen, na-mma shells na hypersonic engines maka na ngwá agha.