Russian Maritime ókè. Ókè nke Russian Federation

Russia bụ kasị mba gafee n'ụwa. Ya ebe ruru 17,1 nde square mita. State emi odude na Yurop Afrika. Russia nwere a ukwuu site n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, otú ya na mpaghara e a ịrịba oge dị iche.

Ókè nke Russian Federation

Customs, akụ na ụba na ndị ọzọ na Russian ókè enịm n'èzí bụbu Soviet Union, nke ya onwe ya bụ a pụrụ iche onu. Mgbe ida nke Soviet Union, niile CIS mba na-eche a oké nsogbu. Na otu aka ahụ ekwekọrịtaghị nke iwu na ego usoro amanye ha mechie akụ na ụba mpaghara, ma ọhụrụ ókè-ala na-ekwu edoghi mere ọ gaghị adaba agbụrụ omenala ókè, na ọha mmadụ na-achọghị ka na-anabata amanye ókè mgbochi, na ọtụtụ ihe - Russia enweghị ike dị otú ahụ a obere oge na-eji akpa ókè na Mee engineering owuwu. Ọzọkwa, a nnukwu nsogbu ya bụ na nguzobe nke omenala ihe.

Description nke ala ala

Na ogologo nke ala nke Russia esịmde 60 puku kilomita, nke 40,000 km bụ na oké osimiri ókè. Economic Maritime ohere nke mba na-emi odude ke 370 kilomita site ala gbara osimiri okirikiri mpaghara. E nwere ike ịbụ n'ụlọikpe nke ọzọ na-ekwu maka mmịpụta nke eke ego. Western na n'ebe ndịda ala nke Russian Federation - tumadi ala, n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ - tumadi oké osimiri. Eziokwu ahụ bụ na ala Russia nwere ndị dị otú a ukwuu, ihe bụ n'ihi na nnukwu size of ya n'ókèala na unevenness udi seashores edoghi na Pacific, Arctic na Atlantic oké osimiri, nke-asa ya n'akụkụ atọ.

Russian ala ókè

Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nakwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba ala ókè-ala-a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke kpọmkwem iche. Tupu revolutionary Russia na-akara eke ókè. Dị ka ala na-amụba, ọ dị mkpa n'ụzọ ụfọdụ idozi ala nke oké osimiri na ala. N'otu oge ahụ na ebikebeghị ebe ka ukwuu ude ga-amata nke ọma - a nwere ike ịbụ a ugwu, osimiri na na. Ma nke a teren e bụ ukwuu n'ime n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ndịda.

The n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ala nke ala ala

Modern edoghi nke dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ala nke Russia pụta si na ngalaba nke onye-eme ihe nkiri na mba. Dị ka ukwuu bụ ndutịm ala ndị mbụ anụ ụlọ. Ha bụ ndị fọrọ na-abụghị eke ihe. N'ihi ya, e guzobere na Russian ókè na Poland na Finland.

Russian ala ala nwekwara a ukwuu ruo n'ókè. Mgbe ida nke Union nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agbata obi nọgidere na otu. A ngụkọta nke iri na anọ. Na Japan na United States nwere naanị Russian oké osimiri ala. Ma n'oge Soviet oge nke mba ala na naanị mmadụ asatọ na-ekwu, ndị ọzọ dị n'etiti ndị na-ekwu na-atụle esịtidem, ma ime. N'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ-nke Russian ókè-ala na kọntaktị na Finland na Norway.

Status of ala eze natara Russian ókè na Estonia, Latvia na Lithuania. Tinyere n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Ukraine na Belarus bụ. N'ebe ndịda nke mba ókè-ala-ya na Georgia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, na Republic of Tuva, Altai, Buryatia. Na oké ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Russian Primorye Territory-n'ókè site North Korea. Ókè-ala akara - na 17 km.

The ugwu ókè nke mba

Russian Maritime ókè nke dị n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba ahụ bụ 12 kilomita site coastline. Dị ka Russian oké osimiri ókè-ala na 12 mba. Northern ala gafee mmiri nke Arctic Ocean - a oké osimiri nke Kara, Laptev Sea, na Barents Sea, ndị East Siberia na Chukchi. N'ime Arctic Ocean, si Russian n'ụsọ oké osimiri na ruo North osisi, ọ bụ oru nke Arctic. Ọ a na-ejedebeghị nhazi e si n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Rybachy Peninsula nakwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke agwaetiti Ratmanova na North osisi. Polar onwunwe - a ikwu okwu, na territorial mmiri nke Russian oru na-adịghị nke, i nwere ike na-ekwu okwu banyere ngwa mmiri nke Arctic mmiri.

Eastern Russian ókè

Oké osimiri ókè-ala n'etiti Russia na ya ọwụwa anyanwụ na-aga site na mmiri nke Pacific n'etiti oké osimiri nile. On n'akụkụ nke a nke mba ozugbo agbata obi bụ US na Japan. Na Japan Russian ala na La Perouse Strait, na Bering Strait - na United States (n'etiti agwaetiti Ratmanova, onye bụ a Russian, na Kruzenshtern, na steeti-ekesịpde). Na Chukotka Peninsula, Alaska, Kamchatka na Aleutian Islands Bering Sea dị. N'etiti Kamchatka Peninsula, n'àgwàetiti Hokkaido, na Kuril na Sakhalin bụ Sea of Okhotsk.

N'ebe ndịda ụsọ oké osimiri nke Sakhalin na Primorye Territory na-asa n'akụkụ Oké Osimiri Japan. All na oké osimiri nke Far East, na nke Russia nwere a Maritime ókè, ikpe ifriizi. Na Okhotsk, ọbụna na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ eziokwu na akụkụ ya dị na ndịda yiri, bụ ndị kasị oké na nke a. Ke edem edere-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke oge nke ice oge 280 ụbọchị otu afọ. N'ihi na nke ukwuu ruo n'ókè nke oké osimiri dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Russian akara site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda na Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe na mba dị iche iche.

N'oge okpomọkụ, na Osimiri Japan abịa typhoons, nke bụ fraught na oké mbibi. Na Pacific n'ụsọ oké osimiri na ya seismically ifịk zones ime kpata ajọ mbufịt aa dị ka a n'ihi nke ala gbara osimiri okirikiri na mmiri n'okpuru osimiri ala ọma jijiji.

Nsogbu n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ókè nke Russia

Maritime ala nke Russia na United States na-now-akara, ma na mbụ e nwere ókè-ala nsogbu. Russian Alaeze Ukwu ke 1867, rere Alaska asaa nde dollar. E nwere ụfọdụ ndị isi ike na ndị definition nke mba ala na Bering Strait. E nwere nsogbu na Russia na Japan, ihe ịma aka ndị agwaetiti nke Lesser Kuril Ridge, a ngụkọta nke ebe 8548,96 square mita. km. The arụmụka bilitere banyere mmiri ọha ebe na ókèala nke Russian Federation ebe nke atọ narị puku square kilomita, tinyere akụ na ụba mpaghara nke oké osimiri na agwaetiti na bụ ọgaranya Erimeri na azụ, na shelf mpaghara enwe mmanụ mee.

Na 1855, nkwekọrịta a bịanyere aka, dị ka nke Minor Kuril Islands chekwaara Japan. Na 1875, Japan na-akpụ akpụ niile Kurile Islands. Na 1905, na ndabere nke Russian-Japanese agha e banyere Portsmusky nkwekorita na Russia ceded na Japan n'ebe ndịda Sakhalin. N'afọ 1945, mgbe Japan aka omume nke adabere n'ihe ụfọdụ ọ chịlie aka elu, nke àgwàetiti Sakhalin na Kuril Islands ghọrọ akụkụ nke Soviet Union, ma mba ha na-kọwaa na Treaty nke 1951 (San Francisco). The Japanese n'akụkụ kwuru na South Kuril Islands - bụ akụkụ nke Japan, na ha enweghị mmekọrita na nkwekọrịta nke 1875 ebe ha abụghị akụkụ nke Kuril yinye, na ikwu na Japanese isuo, na n'ihi na nkwekorita banyere San Francisco , ha na-adịghị kpuchie.

The n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ala

The n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ oké osimiri ókè na Russia ejikọ mba na ọtụtụ mba na Europe. Ọ na-aga na mmiri nke Baltic Sea, nke bụ nke na-Atlantic Ocean na Nleta nke ụsọ oké osimiri Russia bays. Ha debere Russian ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Na Gulf nke Finland bụ ugwu isi obodo nke Russia - St. Petersburg - na Vyborg. On a tributary nke River Vistula laguunu Prelog bụ Kaliningrad. Nso Novoluzhsky n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri a na-ewu na ọnụ nke na Luga River. The Baltic Oké Osimiri anaghị ifriizi dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Kaliningrad mpaghara. Nke a oké osimiri Russian ókè-ala na map ejikọ na mba (n'ofe oké osimiri) na mba ndị dị ka Poland, Germany na Sweden.

Southwest ókè

South-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Russia na-asa site na Azov, Black na Caspian n'oké osimiri. Maritime ala nke Black Sea enye Russia ohere na Mediterranean. Na Tsemesskaya n'ọnụ mmiri guzo n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Novorossiysk. The Taganrog Bay - Taganrog n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. The obodo nke Sevastopol bụ onye nke kasị mma bays. Azov na Black Sea ndị dị oké mkpa maka iga njikọ na mba nke Russia ná Mba Ọzọ na Europe na Mediterranean. Ọzọkwa Maritime ala nke Russian Federation na kọntaktị na Georgia na Ukraine. N'ebe ndịda nke Caspian Sea mmiri ókè na Kazakhstan na Azerbaijan.

N'ihi ya, Russian ókè esiwanye rue na eke ókè: ugwu, osimiri na oké osimiri. Ruru ụfọdụ n'ime ndị a gbagwojuru anya mba kọntaktị (ugwu ndị dị elu, kpụkọrọ, oké osimiri na na). Ndị ọzọ, na Kama nke ahụ, mma maka imekọ ihe ọnụ na ya agbata obi na-ekwe ka dina osimiri na ala mba ụzọ gasị, ike aku ohere.

Oke isi nke Russia

Ke edere edere ókè na-ekwu bụ Cheliuskin akwa, bụ nke dị na Tajmyr dịịrị banye na mmiri. Na Insular ekwu bụ Fligely akwa, nke bụ otu n'ime àgwàetiti ndị Franz Josef akipelago - Rudolph. Na n'ebe ndịda na-ekwu bụ na crest nke Caucasus ugwu, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - N'ịdị Sandy gbụsara ọnụ mmiri Baltic Sea, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - Cape Dezhnev na Chukchi Peninsula.

Akụkụ nke ala ọnọdụ nke Russia

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị obodo idu ke ọnọdụ latitudes, ma n'ebe ugwu dị na njọ nke Arctic. Ókèala Russia bụ ọgaranya dị iche iche eke ego na ndị dị na nnukwu quantities. The mba enyene a na-eduga itie ke ererimbot ke size na ebe ala. Russian ọhịa ebe esịmde asaa na narị nde hectare.

The n'oké size nke mba dị ezigbo mkpa ma si akụ na ụba na-ekwu na na-azara ọnụ. Ókèala ndị Russian Federation nwere ndị kasị ibu ruo n'ókè nke na mbara ọzara na mbara ala. Nke a West Siberia na Russian (Eastern European) Plain. The n'ebe ugwu nke ebe obodo emetụta ikuku pụta nke Arctic Ocean. Ókèala Russia bụ ọgaranya iche iche iche iche nke minerals na mineral. Ọ na-lekwasị banyere 40% nke ụwa bụ ígwè ígwè ore mee. Isi nke ebe ubi ma ọgaranya ego ọla kọpa ore a na-ewere Ural na Ural mpaghara. Ebe a, na Middle Urals, e nwere ego nke dị oké ọnụ ahịa na nkume ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka emerald, rubi, amethyst. Na ọzọ na-akpali mma nke mba ahụ bụ na ọ dị na niile ala zones nke Ugwu Ụwa, na wezụga nke okpomọkụ ụwa.