Saint Afanasiy Veliky nke Alexandria: biography, akụkọ ihe mere eme na Bibliography

Saint Athanasius Ukwu (c. 295-373 gg.) Bụ otu n'ime ndị a kasị mara ndú chọọchị, na-ezo aka Alexandria patristic akwụkwọ. First ọ bụ erite nke Onyeisi Aleksandriyskogo Aleksandra, dochie ya a oche. Afanasiy Veliky a maara dị ka nke a kasị mara iro nke Arianism. Erule afọ 350 BC. e. Ọ fọrọ nke nta naanị bishop nke Alaeze Ukwu Rom (ma ọ bụ karịa kpomkwem ya n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ọkara) nearianskogo nku, nke chụpụrụ ma chụga ọtụtụ ugboro. Ya senti na-efe na Roman Catholic, Orthodox na Coptic ụka.

St. Afanasiy Veliky

Athanasius mụrụ n'obodo Ijipt nke Alexandria. Dị ka nwa okoro, nne ya kpọtara ya n'ụlọ nsọ iji onyeisi ndị bishọp nke Aleksandria, ma nyere ọrụ nke Chineke. Ọ bụ nnọọ ike ma na ọgụgụ isi nwa okorobịa, na-agbasi-emezu iwu nke Chineke.

Na 319, mgbe 6 afọ nke ozi ya na chọọchị na-agụ, ka onyeisi ndị bishọp gọzie nwa okorobịa dị ka a dikọn nke Church of Alexandria.

N'afọ 325, St. Afanasiy Veliky so Alexander Mbụ Ecumenical Council of Nicaea dị ka odeakwụkwọ. N'ebe ahụ ka ha na-nnọọ ifịk ke ike jụrụ okwukwe arụmụka banyere ọdịdị nke Christ. Ikpe Arianism, Arius onwe ya nọ na-ajụ ya, okwu dara consubstantial Trinity dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke okwukwe.

N'otu oge ahụ, Athanasius malitere ide ya mbụ ọrụ. Ọ hụrụ na ọ dịghị piety na ndị na-abịa na chọọchị nke Kraịst, n'ihi na ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ na-abaghị uru na-ekwu, na-abaghị uru, na-achọ emebi ebube maka onwe ya, ada ke Christian ndụ ya omenala ndị ọgọ mmụọ na-ezighị ezi veruchenie.

Arius

N'Efu Arius kwuru niile nkwulu na mkparị na okwu banyere Jizọs na Nne nke Chineke, kwere na Kraịst bụ na Chineke ahaghị nhata. Ọ kụzikwaara ndị mmadụ adịghị anakwere na Church of Christ nke ihe, si otú angering ọha mmadụ. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke na-eso ụzọ nke a heresy ụba, ya mere wee malite ịkpọ Arians. ozizi ụgha na-ekesa ha erikpuo dum Christian Church.

Na 326, Onyeisi Alexander nwụrụ. Kama nke ahụ, ọ hoputara Bishop Athanasius. Ọ bụ nnọọ oké njọ banyere ọrụ ya, na-egwuri a otutu nke ndị mmadụ, ndị na-akatọ ndị Arians na-esiri ha na-abụghị Christian n'ụkpụrụ okwukwe. Arians, n'aka, malitere ekwutọ ya.

Konstantin Veliky

N'oge nke Alaeze Ukwu Rom na-achị Konstantin m Veliky (306-337.), Onye mmeri na 324 mmeri ogbu na nwayọọ soprovitelem ekpere arụsị Licinius. Constantine chere a ezigbo nchebe nke Christian Church. Ọ chọrọ ime ka Christianity n'ime steeti okpukpe. Nke a onye na-achị nke ọma ọfiọkde ọha omume na bụ ihe magburu onwe diplomaati, ma ozizi nke Oziọma na-karịsịa mara, n'ihi ya, ọ bụ ike ikpebi ihe bụ ezi ihe na ihe bụ ụgha, nakwa na ọ ka mma họrọ - Arianism ma ọ bụ Orthodox? Inweta a na-ejighị n'aka na echiche, jụrụ okwukwe penetrated n'ime niile ọnọdụ na gbanyeere ya ụdị asịrị na-agba asịrị, we kekọta madu na gbawara.

Constantine bụ a supporter nke igba nke ike, ma ọ natakwara mmegwara mkpesa ndị na-akwado Arius, Athanasius si akwado. Na Egypt, ọ ghọwo ihe ike iche-iche, ndị mmadụ malitere Mmaji clashes na n'okporo ámá.

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Against Akwa Bishop Athanasius tụgharịa dum agha, ọ na-ebo ebubo na ọ bụ onye omekome, a dibịa afa na a na-akwa iko na-adịghị erube onye na-achị na ime iwu na-akwadoghị omume.

The ebe ozugbo ruru n'ókè nke absurdity, mgbe ọ nọ na-ebo ebubo na ọ na-eji ụdị ụfọdụ nke ịkpụ anya na ndị nwụrụ anwụ aka nke cleric Arseny, emepụta ụdị nile nke amoosu. Arseny bụ onye na-agụ, mgbe ụfọdụ ya iwe o zoro site na ndị ọchịchị, ma na-anụ na Afanasiy Veliky kwutọọ, n'ihu ogige bụla. Ya mere, ha na-baara a ụgha na-akwado nke nakweere ozizi Arius.

Ma ha ụgha a bụ ezughị, na ha kwukwara ọzọ, bribing ụfọdụ ihere nwaanyị, bụ onye kwuru na St. Athanasius chọrọ iwe n'elu ya. Athanasius enyi Timothy, na-ege ntị n'azụ ọnụ ụzọ nke a jọgburu ebubo, na-atụghị anya bara n'ụlọ nzukọ nke ikpe, na pụtara ìhè n'ihu nwaanyị, dị ka ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ ndị na Athanasius, sị: "mileyshaya gbaghara m maka ihe m mere gị n'abalị a nke ime ihe ike." Lzhesvidetelnitsa hysterically mkpu na ọ dịghị ihe ga-agbaghara a ọjọọ na mebiri-adị ọcha. The ikpe hụrụ egwuri si a ntochi, chịrị ọchị ma chụpụrụ ya.

The senti tọhapụrụ na onye eze ukwu na zigara oche nke Alexandria.

Iji Ike Emegbu Mmadụ na mmanye egwu

Emperor Constantine hụrụ dum omimi nke asị na ike ghọọ a ezigbo okpukpe agha, na mgbe ahụ ọ jụrụ St. Athanasius n'oge na-ahapụ.

Ka ọ dịgodị, na 330 Arianism kwadoro site na steeti, Constantine kpọrọ site n'ala ọzọ Evseviya Nikomediyskogo, wee aria.

Na 335 Athanasius ikpe Taia Katidral. Ọ na-ọzọ boro ebubo ụgha nke itinye aka na igbu ọchụ nke nchụàjà Arseny meletianskogo na chụgara Trier. Ma mgbe ọnwụ nke Eze Ukwu Constantine 337, ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ ya n'agha.

Emperor Constantius

Emperor bụ nwoke nke abụọ Konstantina Konstantsy. The dum alaeze ukwu ikpe guzoro maka Arians, malitere mkpagbu nke ndị Kraịst Ọtọdọks, ndị bishọp ẹbịn, malitere ogide oche-eze nke ndị ajọ omume. Afanasiy Veliky gbagara Rom ruo afọ atọ.

N'ala ọzọ, ọ bịara mata na St Servatius, onye ghọrọ ya akwadosi na esemokwu na nakweere ozizi Arius heresy na Council of Sardica.

Na 340, ọ na-ọzọ chụpụrụ. Na Alexandria ọ laghachiri na ngalaba nwere naanị 345, mgbe ọnwụ nke Bishop Gregory. Ma na 356 ọ ọzọ ikpe na- Milan Cathedral, mgbe nke ọ gbagara Upper Egypt na-ezo n'ebe ahụ ruo afọ 361 ruo mgbe anwụ Emperor Constantius.

Ihe karịrị afọ 20 nke Afanasiy Veliky nọrọ n'ala ọzọ, na-apụkwa n'anya, mgbe ahụ, na-abịa azụ ha n'ebe obibi ha. Ezie na ọ akwado nna nke monasticism, Saint Anthony, na Pachomius. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ ga-dee akwụkwọ banyere ya.

Athanasius, dị ka a bishop, na-aghọta na-hà ịdị adị nke Ọtọdọks na nakweere ozizi Arius alaka nke Christianity.

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N'ime oge ahụ, Jehova ikpe ya nile mma ikpe: Arius na-eso ụzọ jụrụ okwukwe na-ata ahụhụ, ma ndị ajọ omume e gburu eze. Mgbe a dochie Julian ndị si n'ezi ofufe dapụ, bụ ọchịchị Jovinian nsọ nsọ ya, mgbe Valens, bụ onye, n'agbanyeghị na ọtụtụ ụzọ na-afụ ụfụ na Church, ma na-atụ egwu mutiny, kwere Athanasius laghachi Alexandria oche na-eji nwayọọ na n'udo jikwaa ike nke ụbọchị ha. Bishop Afanasiy Veliky reposed on May 2373 na afọ 76 na afọ.

Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị dị ka afọ 46, ọ bụ bishọp nke Alexandria, na-akpagbu na ebubo. Ma ọ na-laghachi na-ekwusa ozi ọma bụ eziokwu banyere Kraịst Onye Nzọpụta.

Afanasiy Veliky: kere eke

Ihe kachasi mkpa ya nkà mmụta okpukpe bụ eziokwu na Chineke ghọrọ mmadụ ka onye nwere ike ibu Chineke. All m ndụ m nọrọ na-agbachitere eziokwu Afanasiy Veliky. "Na incarnation nke Okwu" - ọrụ ya, nke ghọrọ Central ederede of Christianity, na-enweghị na-akọwa oké niile okwukwe na Kraịst.

Bishop Athanasius mbụ weghaara ahụmahụ nke Desert Fathers n'akwụkwọ bụ "The Life of Antony". Ata onwe ya ahụhụ na-eme ihe ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma kwuru naanị. Asceticism o gosiri ọdịiche dị n'etiti nkà ihe ọmụma Afanasiy Veliky. "Commentary na Abụ Ọma" bụ a amamiihe oge gboo ọrụ patristic exegesis na-enye ohere na-agụ akụkụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ ndị na n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị na-aghọta ha pụtara n'ezie na pụtara.