St. Petersburg palaces - ụkpụrụ ụlọ bara nnukwu uru. Gịnị nwere obí eze na St. Petersburg?

St. Petersburg bụ a obodo nke obí eze. Ebe ọ bụ na ya tọọ ntọala, Peter biri na ya ezinụlọ eze, okpomọkụ na oyi ụlọ nke e wuru maka. Ihe ndị ahụ na na ike a pụrụ iche oyiyi nke obodo.

The akwụkwọ ga-ọnọde kasị ama ulo elu nile nke St. Petersburg. Mgbe agụ n'ịtụle n'obí okụre, ị ga-amụta a bit banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ebe ugwu isi obodo na ya na-adọrọ mmasị. Ma ọ bụrụ na na-eme n'ọdịnihu ikpebi ka ha gaa St. Petersburg obí eze, ha ga-enwe mmasị na ya mara mma na okomoko interiors. Mgbe niile, onye ọ bụla pụrụ iche, bụ ihe ụkpụrụ ụlọ mkpuru nke obodo.

Mikhailovsky Obí na St. Petersburg

Na 1719 na saịtị ebe ugbu a bụ Mikhailovsky Obí, ka e merie ya site Peter m n'ubi mkpụrụ osisi. O wee matịa na Fontanka River ka Krivusha. Na 1798 Paul m kpebiri-ewu maka nwa-ya Michael a na saịtị ụlọ. Na o nyere iwu na-eyigharị site ọtụtụ narị puku mmadụ kwa afọ na-ewu. Site 1819 ọ nweworo a ịrịba ego, ma mgbe a n'obí kuu, Paul m gburu.

Kama uche Ọkaakaa ka rụrụ site Alexander m, nke malitere na-ewu. Mikhailovsky Obí na St. Petersburg, e wuru ekele na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ K. I. Rossi. The ụlọ na-aduak ike a Russian ala na ụlọ esịnede a isi ahu na abụọ mpụta nku. Na 1823 anyị biri na-ewu ọrụ, na na 1825 malitere imecha. N'elu n'ime ime mma na-arụ ọrụ ezi nka, na-akpụ ihe, nke nna ukwu nke ngwá ụlọ, na nkume-egbutusị. N'ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ ahụ e a obosara steepụ mere nke konkiri. Ọ na-mma na abụọ ọdụm awụ na onye ọ bụla n'akụkụ. Na 1895, ihe iji e-aka site Nicholas II na n'obí bụ ugbu a Russian Museum nke Emperor Alexander III.

N'oge, na-eleta ụlọ, ị ga-ahụ a nnukwu collection of Russian art, ihe osise nke ndị dị otú ahụ a ma ama na-ese dị ka A. Rublev, K. Bryullov, F. Shubin, Repin, Shishkin, Mikhail Vrubel, M. Chagall na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ .

akwu Stroganoff

Ọ bụ Ịgụta Stroganov. Ọ e wuru na 1753. The ụlọ na-dị ka ihe nlereanya zuru okè nke Russian Baroque. The oru ngo e kere site atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ F. B. Rastrelli. Ọ gụnyere iri ise ụlọ, a nnukwu ụlọ nzukọ na gallery. Mgbe a gbanwesịrị ọchịchị, ọ na-dọọrọ n'agha n'ebe ezinụlọ ya Stroganoff ezinụlọ akwu. Obí zuuru, bibie ndị kasị baa ọgaranya ịnakọta.

N'ihi na ọtụtụ afọ nke ụlọ e ji site ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị. Na na 1990, ọ na-nyere ndị Russian ngosi nka. Ọ nọgidere na ya mma ka anyị na ụbọchị naanị egwu ulo.

Mariinsky Obí

Ọ e wuru na saịtị nke ụlọ nke Gụọ IG Chernyshev. The aha e nyere na nsọpụrụ nke Princess Mary (ada Emperor Nicholas m). Construction malitere na 1839. Mgbe iwu mee technical innovations dị ka metal ntụhie ya. The nnukwu ime nke ulo. The-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ kere a ụlọ nke ụlọ. Inside n'obí ya dị ọbụna na chọọchị, nke e kere na mmụọ nke na Byzantine ụka.

Mgbe February mgbanwe e enịm ke ụlọ maka ọtụtụ afọ, dị iche iche na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị. Ebe ọ bụ na 1994, ọ ụlọ ndị Legislative Assembly nke St. Petersburg.

Yusupov Obí na St. Petersburg

Ná mmalite, n'obí e wuru maka agụ P. I. Shuvalova. Mgbe m kwagara Countess AV Brannitskoy. 35 afọ mgbe e mesịrị n'obí na-zụtara site Prince N. B. Yusupovym. Na e kere eke nke a masterpiece anyị na-arụ ọrụ ụfọdụ ndị kasị mma architects na decorators.

Odude Yusupov Obí na St. Petersburg, ya bụ, na Moika River. The ụlọ bụ onye nke kasị mma ụdị nke oké ozu n'ime ime.

December 17, 1916 ke Re nke ulo uku eze, ka mmadụ niile mara na ihe omume - gburu a omimi Rasputin.

N'oge anyị a, na mbụ - ọ bụ a ngosi nka, na mgbe ahụ na-eme ihe nkiri, nke na-enye arụmọrụ. N'obí ọbọhọ ịtụnanya mma nke mbụ ya interiors nke XIX na narị afọ, nke ọma meghere maka agbamakwụkwọ na ndị ọzọ na ememe.

The oyi Obí

Nke a ụkpụrụ nke nghọta na ezi okomoko. The ụlọ a na-wuru na Baroque style. Bụ Winter Obí na St. Petersburg, ya bụ, na bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Winter Canal. Nke a kere eke nke F. B. Rastreli akpọ obi nke dị n'ebe ugwu isi obodo.

Obí ogologo bụ 200 mita, elu - 22 mita, obosara - 160 mita. Ọ na-e wuru dị ka a quadrangle. Inside bụ a sara mbara èzí. Facades n'ihu osimiri, na Obí Square na ntụziaka nke Admiralty. Na otú ahụ n'ụzọ zuru okè gburu mma! The facade ekewa site entablature, trimmed mejupụtara ogidi na Ionic iwu, arches, stucco tụrụ. The ime bụ ọgaranya dị iche iche nke casings, ji achọ ite na ihe oyiyi, ihe n'ụba nke kpụrụ akụkụ.

The ụlọ e wughachiri ọtụtụ ugboro. Ka ụbọchị, ndị njem nleta na ndị bi na St. Petersburg na-enwe mmasị nke isii ụlọ 1754-1762 afọ. Onye ọ bụla nwe lere ya ọrụ ya rue mgbe ahụ n'ime ime mma na-eme ka gị na mgbanwe. N'ime anya na-arụ ọrụ kacha mma architects - Domenico Trezzini, AP Bryullov na V. P. Stasov.

N'oge WWII n'obí ahụhụ, e reconstructed. Mgbe mgbanwe e kwuru na State Museum.

Na n'ọnọdụ a ọ bụ omume na-ahụ ọgaranya collection of ngosi nka ngosi, osise nke ama ama nka,-enwe mmasị interiors nke onye eze nke Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na ọkpụkpụ.

Catherine n'obí mgbagwoju

Odude Catherine Obí na St. Petersburg, ya bụ n'èzí n'obodo Pushkin (Tsarskoye Selo). The iji na-ewu nke okpomọkụ obibi nke Catherine M nyere 1717. The ụlọ na-zubere iji mepụtaghachi ihe mbubreyo Baroque. All na-achịkwa-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Germany I. F. Braunshteynom.

Na 1743, Elizaveta Petrovna kpebiri iji mụbaa ma kwadebe ulo. M nyere a Russian-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Alexander Kvasov na M. Zemtsov. Na 1752 F. B. Rastrelli wughachi ọzọ n'obí, dị ka Eze Nwanyị Ukwu chere na ụlọ ahụ ochie. Dị ka a n'ihi nke dismantling nke nnukwu ọhụrụ oge a n'obí, nke bụ na style of Russian Baroque. Architect ewe a obi ike mkpebi ke facade agba. Ọ na-eji a igwe-acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba, na ijikọta ya na-acha ọcha na gold.

The nnukwu olu nke ụlọ anya site n'ebe di anya. Ọ na-emetụta interiors, ije, gardens. The obí bụ ezigbo maka okomoko agbamakwụkwọ. Na Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na ị ga-dazzle sachaa gilding, enyo ukwuu itu n'anya itu n'anya ịtụnanya steepụ na ịrịba mgbidi ihe ndozi.

N'obí gbara a nnukwu ogige. Ọ nwere ọtụtụ ihe nke ọkpụkpụ, dị iche iche pavilions, ma isi mma - a Grotto, hermitage, Lower na Upper Bath.

Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ n'obí e bibiri na zuuru, ma ekele na nnukwu mgbalị nke restorers e ukwuu weghachiri eweghachi.

N'oge, i nwere ike gaa na ndị na-esonụ ngosi ụlọ: Ocheeze Hall na ihe osise; ulo-ndina; ọcha n'ihu, green na ogho uhie table; ofitsiantskuyu; Amber ụlọ.

obibi Sheremetyeva

A ibé ala, emi odude ke bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke osimiri Fontanka, bụ na 1721 enyefe Field Marshal BP Sheremetev owuwu nke ala na ụlọ. Sheremetev Obí na St. Petersburg, e wuru ekele a oru ngo site atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ F. S. Argunovym na S. I. Chevakinskim. The wuo ụlọ ahụ na mmụọ nke na Russian ije. Facade mma na stucco mma na n'ime ime mma gbanwere mgbe niile, dabere na ndị na-amasị ndị nwe. Mgbe ọgbọ ise biri n'ime ndị a mgbidi. Ruo mgbe 1917 n'obí so genus mkpa Sheremetev. Mgbe a gbanwesịrị ọchịchị, n'obí sitewo n'aka n'aka. Na 1990, e nyere ndị Museum nke Ụlọ ihe nkiri na Music. Malitere ozugbo n'ọrụ mweghachi. Recreating Nme na ncheta interiors nke XIX narị afọ.

Ugbu a, ndị n'obí ngosi haziri na atọ na ebe:

• akụkọ ihe mere eme nke isi ezinụlọ Sheremetievs;
• collection of ngwá egwú;
• ngosi nke a onwe collection.

Tauride Obí

Ruo mgbe 1781 aha bụ - Horse-eche ha nche ụlọ. Catherine II renamed Tauride. Ọ bụ obodo obibi nke G. Potemkin. Ụlọ ahụ nnukwu size na e mere na ẹbọ nke Russian classicism. Ọ na-emekwa ụfọdụ na-ewu-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ I. E. Starov.

On ihu nke ulo-ya nwere a dị mfe ma na-agbụ anyị agbụ facade, n'azụ nke odịbe a ọgaranya n'ime ime mma. Building mejupụtara atọ abụọ-storey ụlọ, anyanya a Central dome. All emume ụlọ na-mma na eserese, carpets, okomoko ngwá ụlọ, tapestries, a tụrụ atụ na gold okpokolo agba.

N'ebe a na ulo bụ ụlọ ọrụ nke CIS so n'Òtù. Ma mgbe nile egwu mgbede.

Menshikov ụlọ

Odude na Vasilyevsky Island. Construction malitere na 1710. Nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ochie nkume owuwu. Ọ pụtara n'ihu Menshikov Obí na St. Petersburg n'ihi nke oké-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ H. Schedel na D. Iyi.

Ọ e wuru na style of Petrine Baroque. Ime na-okokụre dị ka ejiji nke ụbọchị. Anyị na-eji ndị na-esonụ ihe: pịrị osisi, na akpụkpọ anụ, na-ese taịl nile na akwa. The isi steepụ ka nke oak. The ogige e mma na taịl nile. Otu n'ime ndị kasị kwesịrị ncheta ụlọ - a ukpa Cabinet. E nwere ndị nọ na-curiosities dị iche iche ịnakọta. Mgbidi na-okokụre na veneered ukpa.

Na 1727, Menshikov a chụgara birch. Na na ọ e bufere ngosi nka nke Cadet agha, na mweghachi malitere na 1960.

N'oge, na ịga na obi Menshikov, onye pụrụ ịhụ ihe n'ime ime ihe ngosi, nke na-ewepụtara na Petrine oge.

The marble Obí

Ọ bụ a ncheta nke ije nke n'oge classicism. N'oge na-ewu na-eji eke nkume. N'ihi na facade cladding na n'ime ime mma eji ọtụtụ iche nke marble (Italian, Ural, Siberia na nke Grik rock). Nkume nke n'obí juru akụ na ụba, nghọta, multicolored. Owuwu rụrụ site atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ A. Rinaldi na nkera nke abụọ nke XVIII narị afọ. N'obí a na-ewere nke mbụ ụlọ, nke na-agafe na eke nkume. Ọ e wuru maka Catherine III mmasị. Ma, Ewoo, Orlov echereghị maka njedebe nke ewu, nwụrụ. Ulo a hapụrụ na nke ndị eze ukwu na ezinụlọ onwunwe.

Mgbe e mesịrị, e meghere Central V. I. Lenina Museum. Ụlọ a kwesịrị uche nke ndị njem nleta na ndị nwere mmasị na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ochie Pita na ya ije. Na Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na i nwere ike ịhụ ndị na-esonụ ngosi: "Foreign Artists na Russia XVIII-XIX ọtụtụ narị afọ," "Museum Ludwig" na na. Ebe ọ bụ na 1992, nke marble Obí ebe n'ime onwunwe nke Russian Museum.

St. Petersburg nnukwu ịma mma nke ije. Ọ gaghị ekwe omume ime na okwu nile mara mma nke nkà ukpụhọde nkiri. Ọ bụrụ na ị gaa na St. Petersburg obí eze, jide n'aka na ị maara na ndị na-ewu nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na akara aka nke ndị nwe ya.

Ị ga-ahụ na gị onwe gị anya, ndị a ụkpụrụ ụlọ bara nnukwu uru. Ulo elu nile nke St. Petersburg na-eche gị!