State Natural Reserve "Nenetsky": ala, ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi

Ọ bụ eke idobere "Nenetsky" na dịịrị banye na mmiri Russian volvulus na Barents Sea. Anyị chekwara na-emebibeghị naanị ebe a na Europe ewepụghị arctic na subarctic tundra, ebe snow cover dịruru 231 ụbọchị otu afọ.

Ọ bụ ebe obibi nke obere ụmụ anụmanụ na nnụnụ (odo-gbara ụgwọ loon, bowhead whale, wdg), ebe osisi na-eto eto, ọtụtụ nke na-esịne ke Red Book. Reserve ruru ka remoteness nke ya n'ókèala si nnukwu ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ bụ ụkpụrụ ndị pristine mma nke ugwu tundra.

Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke chọpụtara

The mkpa ka ndị dị otú ahụ a idobere na Nenets Autonomous District of Russia e mere site ọtụtụ ihe: ụba anthropogenic mmetụta nke geological ngagharị ụlọ ọrụ na-emepe emepe mmanụ na gas ubi; ibu Ịtabiga ahịhịa ókè nke ụlọ reindeer; ofufe nke ala dị ka a n'ihi nke mmepụta.

Ihe ndị a nile mere ka mgbanwe dị ukwuu eke ecosystems - mbibi na mbibi zuru ezu nke ala na ahịhịa cover, sikwuo ọjọọ na-achọghị na geomorphological Filiks, nhazigharị na Mbelata atụ ịta ahịhịa, emeghasịkwa nke hydrological ọchịchị n'ịchị ebe. Na nke a, na December 1997, naanị n'oge idobere hazie site Mkpebi nke Russian Government. Ọ e mesịrị mara dị ka "National Nature Reserve" Nenets "."

Na idobere "Nenets" ke 2010 mmasị na ya.

ebe

Wepụtara maka idobere "Nenetsky" ókèala bụ European ọkọlọtọ ugwu Russia. Ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu-emezu ihe ndị mgbaru ọsọ na nzube nke gburugburu ebe obibi ihe.

Ebe ahụ nile na-emi odude n'ime Arctic gburugburu na-na-asa site na mmiri ya na Barents Sea Abaitiat. Edebere Chile emi odude ke n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Malaya Zemlya tundra enyene dịịrị banye na mmiri Russian volvulus, a 20-kilometa warara nke ala n'obosara n'ụsọ oké osimiri Zakharyin, akụkụ nke Delta (n'ọnụ) p. Na Pechora River Delta. East Neruta. Na-na ebe-agụnye agwaetiti nke Green, Lovetskiy, Kashin, Green Mura na akụkụ nke Barents Sea (South-East) na ndị ọzọ.

The mmiri ebe bụ ihe karịrị ọkara nke ebe idobere n'ókèala. Nke a Korovinskaya na Bolvansky egbugbere ọnụ mmiri tinyere Shore Zakharyin (obosara 10 km), dum mmiri ebe (km 2) Inversion Peninsula Russian, wdg Nenetskii idobere ekewa 4 ngalaba :. Ostrovnoy Bolvansky, Delta p. Pechora na Zakhar'in Beach.

Ụdịdị nke iga, na nke i nwere ike inwe na idobere na Naryan-Mar (100 km): snowmobiles (na oyi), ụgbọ mmiri (na okpomọkụ).

Banyere ihu igwe

The idụhe bụ subarctic mmiri idobere. N'oge oyi, ikuku okpomọkụ tụlee na -46 ⁰ C. The nkezi kwa afọ njupụta nke nkezi kwa ọnwa okpomọkụ bụ banyere 29 ⁰ C na February - ọnwa nke kefriza, na ndị kacha bụrụ ezigbo bụ July.

Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, snow cover na-nọgidere na ebe a n'ihi na ọtụtụ nke oge, mgbe ugwu nke idobere na-kpuchie na snow ruo 40 sentimita oké na nkezi. The ọtụtụ ụbọchị na blizzards bụ mkpokọta 112. Na coldest oge nke afọ a na mpaghara a na-adịkwaghị ifufe South-West na n'ebe ndịda, ka ọkụ - ifufe nke dị n'ebe ugwu isi nke compass.

Relief Nenets idobere

The idobere n'ókèala bụ ewepụghị chakoo. Fọrọ nke nta ka ala gbatịrị di ala ala ike kpuo na ọtụtụ ọwa na ọdọ mmiri dị iche iche nha. Wetlands ụdị: hummock-oghere, riiji-oghere, obere-hummocky.

Marine mpụga ike deere na n'ebe ugwu nke ala, dị ka nke ọma dị ka anya na ndịda ebe larịị ụba ubé. Mpụga Nenets idobere nwere a ewepụghị elu, na apịtị n'oghere na obere ọdọ mmiri.

Flora

Ahịhịa Nenets Reserve egosi ahụkarị na arctic tundra adịkwaghị akpaetu na lichen obodo.

The umu mejupụtara ekewa ndị na-esonụ ụdị nke ahịhịa obodo: osisi (willow, Dwarf birch na Labrador tii), shrub, lichen na akpaetu tundra, marshes, willow na melkotravnye ahịhịa ndụ jupụtara (grasses na herbs).

Vaskụla osisi nke idobere nwere 339 umu na subspecies (na ha na iso 56 ezinụlọ). Ogaranya osisi a hụrụ na ala esịmde nke osimiri Delta. Pechora. Hụrụ ebe a karịrị 200 umu. The Red Book depụtara 32 umu nke vaskụla osisi niile na-eto eto na idobere: poppy Ugra, Rhodiola Rosea, Pinguicula alpina, Dryas octopetala, tetrahedral Cassiopeia na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.

fauna

Mgbe niile na Nenets idobere bụ n'ụlọ ka ụmụ anụmanụ: nkịta ọhịa, na-acha ọcha nkịta ọhịa, ermine, elk, Ob na arctic lemming, wolverine, òké bekee. Ọ pụrụ mgbe mgbe ịchọta na dịịrị banye na mmiri Russian Inversion na Barents Sea Islands (ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke) na polar bear.

The-echebe mmiri bi mmiri mammals - pinnipeds na cetaceans. Na-adịghị ahụkebe na-agba ntụ na harp akàrà, baleen whales, na ọtụtụ - na wolrus, beluga whale, akara, oké osimiri bekee.

Olee ebe ọzọ ị pụrụ ịhụ ndị dị otú ahụ a dịgasị iche iche nke ụmụ anụmanụ ndị na-na na Nenets Reserve? Ọ ghọrọ pụrụ ịdabere na ebe obibi nke ihe dị ndụ dị ka ndị Atlantic wolrus, nnukwu bowhead whale, tundra ọbọgwụ mmiri, odo-gbara ụgwọ loon, na ndị ọzọ.

The idobere Mbugharị n'ụzọ (East Atlantic), ọtụtụ ụdị nnụnụ. The Reserve n'ókèala - otu ihe dị mkpa na-elekwasị anya nke mmeputakwa nke bi na nke nnụnụ (Waterfowl). N'oge okpomọkụ, e nwere ha kasị ukwuu umu di iche iche ruru lamellirostral (nwa scoter,-acha ọcha-fronted ọgazị, agwa ọgazị, Eider, wdg) Ma waders. Azụ asa Gulls akwu na floodplain ebe, na nnukwu chịrị nke arctic Tern - na aja spits. Ikwiikwii, ptarmigan, peregrine agụ nkwọ, na-acha ọcha-tailed ugo, o siri ike-legged egbe, merlin, merlin, wdg Ọzọkwa biri n'ebe a.

A na akara nke sayensị na nche ọrụ Nenets Reserve taa bụ ndị na-esonụ Waterfowl: abụọ iche iche nke obere ugwu geese (barnacle ọgazị na nta na-acha ọcha) na tundra (aka obere) Swan.

N'etiti azụ nke oké mkpa na ebe ndị a bụ a mgbagwoju nke whitefish: peled, whitefish, whitefish, Cisco na whitefish. Ọzọkwa, site na a òkè nke oké osimiri Cave (South-East) ụzọ na-agba ọsọ nke salmon Mbugharị.

mmụta

Na idobere ya ọbịa na-awa a na-adọrọ mmasị tour mmemme: nlekota nke dịtụ obere ụdị nnụnụ (ornithology amu amu), oké ụdị oyi ezumike na snow na okpomọkụ gburugburu sinik Okirikiri. Ebe i nwere ike na-enwekọkwa obibi tours.

On agwaetiti nke Arctic Reserve "Nenets" dị na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala ncheta metụtara na mmepe nke omenala nke Nenets ndị mmadụ (ebe nsọ na a dịgasị iche iche nke àgwà àjà - arụsị, skulls nke polar bea, mgbada mpi, ọkpụkpụ nke àjà ụmụ anụmanụ, wdg).

Ebe ọ bụ na 2000, abụọ ụgbọ na-adọba ụgbọala na-haziri na idobere maka njem nleta.

N'ikpeazụ, onye na-akpali eziokwu

Ọ na-enyo na-ekpe ikpe ndị ala nke gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ na Arctic dị mfe - dị nnọọ ntị na-ebi ndụ e a nnọọ obere nnụnụ - tundra (obere) swans.

nnụnụ ndị a na Nenets Autonomous District - kasị mwute egosi nke eke gburugburu ebe obibi. Mgbe imebi gburugburu ebe obibi, swans ozugbo agbanwe ha ebe obibi.