"Taimyr" idobere. Mee nke ụwa na Russia

Reserve "Taimyr" nwere a mgbagwoju anya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke e kere eke. Taa, ọ na-ekpuchi ebe ihe karịrị 1.5 puku. Ha, ebe ndị a na-echebe obere ụdị ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi e depụtara na Red Book. The ukara ụbọchị nke ntọala bụ 1979, nke ahụ bụ mgbe ahụ anyị bi na e kere maka nzube nke zuru ezu na-amụ na nche-kwa nke oké ọhịa, ugwu, na mbara ọzara na tundra ecosystems.

History nke e kere eke

Ọbụna azụ na 1939, ndị nnyocha ime kee Taimyr Peninsula, a nnukwu Nature Reserve. Oghere ya na-zubere maka 1943, ma, n'ụzọ dị mwute, agha gafere niile atụmatụ. Mgbe oruru nke a na-echebe ebe ruo 1949, ma na mmepe nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị jụrụ n'ihi na steeti dị nnọọ belatara nke ebe-echebe ebe usoro. Ihe karịrị otu ugboro Taimyr Biosphere Reserve nwetara n'ime ama. Zubere Ókèala 10 nde hectare iji chebe ọ bụghị naanị obere ụmụ anụmanụ na nnụnụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka reindeer, musk ehi, red ọgazị, ma dum ilekota Taimir tundra, si na-ekpo ọkụ Byrranga na ruo arctic coasts.

ka ya jisiri eze aha idobere "Taimyr" ke 1979. Ndị a gụnyere Logatskoe na Verhnetaymyrskoe ọhịa, alaka "Lukunsky" na "Ary-más". Na 1994, na idobere ka a echekwa mpaghara e Kaakwa ala gbara osimiri okirikiri na foothill arctic tundra. Taa, na-eme nnyocha na-eme ihe niile kwere omume mụbaa echebe ebe.

Natural Okirikiri Reserve

Security mpaghara emi odude ke Taimyr Peninsula. Nhazi jisiri ekpuchi a dịgasị iche iche nke Okirikiri: ndịda, arctic na-ahụkarị tundra, ọhịa tundra. "Taimyr" The idobere na-emi odude n'ime permafrost, na-eru ihe 0,5 km. Security mpaghara tumadi dị ewepụghị efe, ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ n'ihu River bụ a tributary nke Khatanga. Ebe a, e nwekwara ndị kasị ibu ọdọ ke Taimyr, nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ nta ọdọ mmiri.

ihu igwe Taimyr

Ihu Igwe atụmatụ nke Taimyr Reserve n'ụzọ dị ukwuu-adabere na onu nke pola n'abalị. Na mpaghara ebe a, ọ dịruru ntakịrị karịa ọnwa abụọ, na polar ụbọchị dịruru maka 83 ụbọchị. Taimyr Peninsula oyi dịruru ruo 10 ọnwa, mgbe ụfọdụ ruo 8. Ma n'oge okpomọkụ tumadi emee ke mbubreyo June na-ekwupụtakwa ruo mgbe August. N'oge oyi, na ewepụghị ebe okpomọkụ na-nọ n'ime -45 ° C, nakwa n'ugwu temometa lowered ka -60 Celsius C. N'oge okpomọkụ, a nkọ-ekpokwu ọkụ, o kwere omume okpomọkụ na +30 Celsius C, ma ọ na-anọgide dịghị ihe karịrị otu izu.

The ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke Taimyr

Reserve ahịhịa ekpuchi nnọọ iche iche. Echebe mpaghara kewara ndịda, a typical na arctic tundra. Na coldest akụkụ nke Arctic osisi na-abụghị nke ukwuu. E na-tumadi hụrụ akpaetu, matted na luzula snowy, n'elu ugwu na foxtail, pola YWCA. Ahụkarị tundra baa ọgaranya, ebe a ị nwere ike ịhụ ọtụtụ ụdị mosses, sedges arktosibirskuyu, pitting dryad. Onye kasị ukwuu iche iche na-emetụta ebe ndịda, ebe ọ na-ulù nke Dwarf birch, alder na willow, na-nwere a red currant, ọhịa bilie. On mkpọda pụrụ ịchọta colutea Dyke, cystopteris fragilis, Dryopteris aṅụrụma ruru na ndị ọzọ na ugwu ferns.

Ọ bụ ezie na ihu igwe bụ oyi na aka ike, ma anụ ọhịa ahụ bụ ọgaranya Taimyr Reserve. Anu ulo na-tumadi na-anọchite anya ọhịa reindeer, musk ehi, ermine, e nwekwara anụ ọhịa wolf, lynx. Isi nri nke anụ na n'otu oge ndị kasị mkpa na tundra bụ a ndu a lemming. The idobere nnụnụ na anụmanụ na-hụrụ na ndị dị otú ahụ ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke na ọbụna ọ bụ anya otú ha pụrụ na-eri nri ndị dị otú ahụ a ogbenye-achọ uwa. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ naanị na o yiri ka na, n'eziokwu, ọ bụ nnukwu ndu arụpụtaghị nke osisi n'ime mmiri na ọdọ mmiri a otutu azu, òké ba uba ngwa ngwa, ya mere ha na-enwe ike na-eri nri ọtụtụ ọcha ikwiikwii, nkịta ọhịa, falcons na nnụnụ ndị ọzọ nke na-eri anụ na-enye nwa ara.

Animals depụtara na Red Book

Reserve "Taimyr" ya ndò ọtụtụ ndị nnọchiteanya nke fauna na-fọrọ nke nta ikpochapu. Ọkà mmụta sayensị na-eme iji mee ka ha bi. N'etiti mammals dị ka nọ n'ihe ize ndụ subspecies gụnyere Laptev wolrus, pola bear na musk ehi. Birds ihe ndị ọzọ: red-breasted ọgazị, na-acha ọcha-tailed ugo, peregrine agụ nkwọ, a obere ọbọgwụ mmiri, piskulka Eider, merlin, obosara-gbara ụgwọ sandpiper, pink na Sabine si gulls, Icelandic sandpiper na ndị ọzọ.

Gịnị ka ịhụ na Taimyr Peninsula?

About Russian mee nwere ike ịgwa a otutu, ma na ị nwere ike ịhụ na gị onwe gị anya niile a mara mma. Taimyr bụ n'ebe dị anya, ma ka bara uru ọ na-ewepụta oge na-eleta ya, n'ihi na e nwere ọtụtụ nke na-akpali ebe. Mbụ niile, ọ na-atụ aro na-aga ihe ngosi nka. Nke mbụ bụ raara onwe ya nye ka ethnography na ọdịdị, na nke abụọ - nnyocha na mammoths, na nke atọ - Dolgan poetess Ogduo Aksenova. Na nchedo nkebi nwere ike anya na Laptev wolrus rookeries subspecies, oké ọhịa, emi odude ke n'ebe ugwu akụkụ nke ụwa. Na osimiri Dyabyaka-Tari bụ fossils nke mmiri fauna, nke ọzọ Jurassic oge.

Ọ bụghị ihe niile na- mee nke ụwa na Russia nwere ọtụtụ na-akpali ebe ileta, olee otú ọtụtụ n'ime ha na Taimyr Peninsula. On top of Taimyr osimiri ị nwere ike ịga ndị oge ochie na saịtị nke dinta maka ele, e kpamkpam hapụrụ ọbụna n'etiti iri na abụọ na narị afọ mmezi. Ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ ga-enwe mmasị na-ele ndị mmebi nke oyi njem Chariton Laptev na-eme nchọpụta, nakwa dị ka pola ụgbọ Cove na-atụ anya, nke na-emechi mgbe oge a. Ọzọkwa nke oké mmasị na-ndị bi idobere onwe ya. Ebe a ụbọchị niile i nwere ike na-ele ndị na nnụnụ na anụmanụ, ha na-nnọọ bụghị egwu nke ndị mmadụ, ya mere, ị nwere ike lee ha si nso nso.

Isi Russian mee

E nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke eke ebe n'okpuru nchebe. Map nke Russian mee ihe ga-enyere ndị nile chọrọ nweta ihe ọmụma banyere ihe ndị a pụrụ iche ebe ha na-adọrọ mmasị. Fans nwere ike ịga na woodlands Altai mpaghara. The idobere bụ n'ụlọ ka ọtụtụ fauna, bara uru osisi na-eto eto. Buryatia emi odude temnohvoynotaezhny mgbagwoju. Baikal idobere ekpuchi Khamar-Daban na ndịda ụsọ oké osimiri nke Lake Baikal.

Ọzọkwa uru arịba Primor. E nwere a idobere "Cedar Kedo", nke e nwere ihe karịrị 800 ụdị osisi ndị dị na ndịda na n'ebe ugwu umu. Ọzọkwa a nche mpaghara, ị pụrụ ịhụ ụmụ anụmanụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ahụrụ ele, na Ussuri Procellariiform, agụ owuru, Himalaya black bear, akukonta nkịta na ndị ọzọ. Reserve na Russia a ọtụtụ, ha bụ nke oké mmasị maka na-eme nnyocha nke na osisi fauna, nakwa dị ka ihe nkịtị ndị njem nleta.