The ala ọnọdụ nke Africa. Obodo ọnọdụ nke Afrika

Afrika bụ nke abụọ kasị ukwuu n'ụwa. Ọ-n'ókè site abụọ oké osimiri na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oké osimiri, na ókèala ya, nke ndị mejupụtara 29,2 nde sq. Kilomita, bụ 55 na-ekwu. The bi nke Afrika ndụ ogbenye ọnụ ntụ, ya na e wezụga mba ụfọdụ. Africa si obodo ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ na ọ dị nri na n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda Ụwa. N'ihi na ihu igwe ebe a bụ nnọọ iche iche.

Oke Chile n'ókè nke ala

Anyị nkọwa nke obodo ebe of Africa amalite capes na-ókè ikwu na isi ihe. N'ihi ya, easternmost uche - bụ Cape Blanco (dị ka ọ na-akpọ Ras Engel, Ras ben Sakka ma ọ bụ El-Abyad). Ọ na-emi odude ke Tunis, na Mediterranean n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Ọtụtụ ezumike na-eleta a n'otu mba, mgbe mgbe, na-a ma ama ebe. N'ebe ndịda ruo n'ókè nke Africa bụ Cape Agulhas, nke a na-akpọ mgbe ụfọdụ ndị Agulhas. Ọ na-emi odude ke South Africa, na nso nso a ma ama Cape nke Good Hope. Western ọgwụgwụ uche na kọntinent bụ Cape Almadies. Ọ na-emi odude ke Senegal, na dịịrị banye na mmiri nke Cape Verde, na Atlantic Ocean. Ọfọn, easternmost n'ókè nke Chile atụle Cape Hafun. Ọ bụ na Somalia, ya igbu oge bụ 40 kilomita, na ọ na-bi predominantly obodo ebo.

Oké osimiri na oké osimiri

Ugbu a, tụlee ala ọnọdụ nke Africa na ikwu na ụwa na oké osimiri mmiri. Ebe ọ bụ na Chile n'ụsọ oké osimiri akara bụ nnọọ ike bụghị indented na bays, inlets ebe a obere, Otú ọ dị, dị ka oké osimiri nile. Ya mere, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ụsọ oké osimiri nke Afrika site na Indian Ocean. Ya dịrị Gulf of Aden, bụ nke dị n'etiti Africa na na Arabian Peninsula, Oké Osimiri Uhie, nke na-amasị ndị a ala, ma obere ka ugwu, na Mozambique Channel - fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ mkpagide na ụwa, bụ nke dị n'etiti Chile na n'àgwàetiti Madagascar. The n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ụsọ oké osimiri Africa saa site Atlantic. Ọ na-agụnye naanị Gulf of Guinea, nke na-akọ na nsotu nile nke ọtụtụ mba. Ịtụle ebe of Africa na ikwu na Atlantic Ocean, ọtụtụ nwekwara ekwu na Oké Osimiri Mediterenian, nke na-akọ na ugwu nke ụsọ Gulf bụ a nnukwu mmiri. N'ebe ndịda nke Afrika dịghị bays ma ọ bụ ihe isi ike ma ọ bụ oké osimiri. Mgbe ahụ jikọọ abụọ osimiri.

n'ime obodo mmiri

Esịtidem hydrosphere na kọntinent adịghị kwa oké, ma ọ bụ oké iche iche n'ebe ọ bụla ọzọ, na-atụle ga-pụrụ iche na-unrepeatable. Ọzọkwa mara na arụmọrụ nke Africa obodo ọnọdụ na-enyere anyị aka ịghọta na nke a na Afrika - na driest na ụwa, n'ihi na ihe niile ozu mmiri ndị na-na na ọ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ ihicha elu. N'ihi ya, e emee otu n'ime ndị fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ osimiri n'ụwa - Naịl (ogologo - 6852 km). Ndị ọzọ na isi osimiri ebe a - bụ Niger, the Congo, Zambezi na Limpopo na Orange River n'ebe ndịda nke Afrika. The kasị ibu ọdọ ke Africa, a na-ewere Victoria - n'ala ala na-ekwu bụ na 80 mita. Sochiri Lake Nyasa, Tanganyika, nke di na ebe-anaghị emezi emezi nke lithospheric efere, nakwa dị ka Leeki Chaadị, nke ngwa ngwa dries.

bara uru ego

Description Africa si obodo ọnọdụ agaghị ezu ezu ma ọ bụrụ na ileghara niile mineral na-na-n'okpuru elu. Karịsịa, a na Afrika mara maka ego nke diamonds na gold. Onyinye ndị a nke ọdịdị ọdịda South Africa na-ekwu, Zimbabwe, Mali, Ghana, Republic of Congo. Ná mba ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka Guinea, Nigeria, Algeria na Ghana bụ mmanụ ego na ya. Iron, manganese, edu ndú ore, na phosphites bụ n'okpuru mba nke North Africa.

Ọdịdị ala na elu

Obodo ọnọdụ nke Africa bụ tumadi ruru ka ewepụghị chakoo. North-West nke Afrika ji site na Atlas Ugwu, na ndịda bụ Cape na Drakensberg. Na Tanzania, emi odude East African Plateau, ebe bụ ugwu mgbawa Kilimanjaro - kasị elu mgbe nke Afrika, emi esịmde 5895 mita n'ịdị elu. North Africa - bụ Sahara desert, na n'ebe mmadụ abụọ Highlands (Tibesti na Ahaggar). Ma ebe kasị ala mgbe nke Afrika bụ a ịda mbà n'obi na Lake Assal - 157 mita n'okpuru oké osimiri.

ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe

The ala ebe nke Afrika nke Africa na-akpata ya dị akọrọ na-ekpo ọkụ idụhe. Ọ n'ụzọ nkịtị gafere akara nke ụwa, site na nke dị n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda dị iche oyi, ma na ihe kpọrọ nkụ onodu ubochi zones. Ya mere, gbatịrị tinyere ụwa region karịsịa elu okpomọkụ, nke na-adịghị iche iche ofụri isua. Ọzọkwa ebe a na-enweta elu mmiri ozuzo. The Equatorial belt bụ kacha ekpo ọkụ ugbu n'ókè nke Africa - Dallol. N'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda nke ụwa na-eso subequatorial mpaghara. Mgbe ahụ e nwere oke mmiri ozuzo n'oge okpomọkụ na oyi monsoons abata ebe a, na-eweta oké ọkọchị. Sochiri abụọ okpomọkụ gbalaga. Na n'ebe ugwu, na ndị dị otú a mpaghara bụ Sahara Desert na South - na Namib na Kalahari. O doro anya na ndị a eke akpọkwa ndị dị iche iche kacha nta mmiri ozuzo na oké ifufe.

Obodo ọnọdụ nke Africa

Ọ ga-kwuru Afrika nhazi iji chọpụta ya isi atụmatụ. The ala akara bụ na ya ugwu nwere a obosara nke karịa 7500 km, mgbe ndịda erukwa site naanị 3,000 km. N'ihi nke a, odida obodo zoning na-akwanyere ndị na okporo osisi nke ụwa, e nwere mkpumkpu. Ọzọkwa ntị ka obodo ọnọdụ nke Africa banyere bays na ihe isi ike. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-etolite na agwaetiti bụ ndị dịịrị geological atụmatụ na Afrika. N'etiti ha bụ ndị Madagascar, Zanzibar, Canaries, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ha nwe mba ndị dị ka Tunisia, Zambezi, Kenya, South Africa, Somalia. Ọtụtụ archipelagos kpamkpam anya n'ihi na ha na obere size, n'ihi na ọbụna na a map.