The Eastern Eastern Republic. Akụkọ banyere ebe nchekwa ahụ

N'oge a na-alụ agha, a malitere inwe ọtụtụ nchịkwa na steeti ndị Russia. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha dị mfe ma dịrị adị ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, ụfọdụ ka na-adịkwa (Poland, Finland). Okwu ndụ nke ndị ọzọ ejedebere n'ọtụtụ ọnwa, ma ọ bụ ọbụna ụbọchị. Otu n'ime usoro iwu ndị a, nke bilitere na mkpọmkpọ ebe alaeze ukwu ahụ, bụ Far Eastern Republic (DDA).

Ihe gbasara DDA

Ná mmalite afọ 1920 na Far East nke mbụ Alaeze Ukwu Russia bụ ọnọdụ siri ike. N'oge ahụ, ọ bụ n'ókèala a ka ihe kachasị mkpa nke Agha Obodo mere. N'oge mmegide nke ndị ọrụ 'na ndị nkịtị' (RKKA) na nnupụisi nke obodo, ebe a na-akpọ Russia nke Kolchak dara, ya na isi obodo ya na Omsk, na-achịkwa ọtụtụ Siberia na n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa n'oge gara aga. Ihe ndi ozo weputara aha obodo Eastern Russia ma tinye uche ha n'ugwu Transbaikalia nke di n'ebe ozo, tinyere ebe etiti n'ime Chita n'okpuru ndu nke ataman Grigory Semenov.

Na Vladivostok, ọgba aghara ndị Bolshevik kwadoro meriri. Ma ndị ọchịchị Soviet dịghị ọsọ ọsọ itinye ozugbo na mpaghara nke RSFSR, dị ka e nwere ihe ize ndụ nke a atọ ike na ihu nke Japan, nke na eze kwuru na ya na-anọpụ iche. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ agha ya na mpaghara ahụ, na-eme ka o doo anya na ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ Soviet na-aga n'ihu n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ọ ga-abanye n'ihu agha na Red Army.

Ọmụmụ nke Far Eastern Republic

Iji zere ọgba aghara n'etiti agha nke Red Army na ndị agha Japan, bụ ndị jidere ike na Irkutsk na Jenụwarị 1920, ụlọ ọrụ Socialist Revolutionary Center amalarịrị n'oge ahụ ka echiche nke ịmepụta ọnọdụ dị na Far East. Dị ka o kwesịrị ịdị, ọ na-ebute ụzọ na ya. Ndị Bolsheviks nwekwara mmasị n'echiche a, ma n'isi isi ala ọhụrụ ha hụrụ naanị ndị gọọmenti n'etiti ndị òtù RCP (b). N'okpuru nrụgide nke ndị agha ndị ka elu, a manyere Ogige ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ahụ ịchọta ma nyefee ikike na Irkutsk gaa Kọmitii Mgbanwe Na-ahụ Maka Agha.

Ndi isi oche nke komkutsk revolutionary committee, Alexander Krasnoshchekov, ji nlezianya kpoo oke Far East Republic dika ebe nchekwa. Iji dozie ajụjụ dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa n'ọnwa Mach afọ 1920, e mepụtara otu ọrụ pụrụ iche n'okpuru RCP (B.). Na mgbakwunye na Krasnoshchekov, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ama nke Dal'buro bụ Alexander Shiryamov na Nikolai Goncharov. Ọ bụ n'enyemaka aka ha n'April 6, 1920 na Verkhneudinsk (nke a bụ Ulan-Ude) ka e guzobere ọhụrụ - nke dị na Far Eastern Republic.

Agha ndị agha nke ndị agha

Ihe okike nke Far Eastern Republic agaghị enwe ike ma ọ bụrụ na akwadoghi nkwado si Soviet Russia. Ke May 1920, enye ama ọfiọk ke obufa ukpepn̄kpọ obufa. N'oge na-adịghị anya ọchịchị gọọmenti Moscow malitere inye DDA enyemaka niile, ma ọchịchị ma akụ na ụba. Mana ihe kachasị mkpa n'oge a nke ọganihu nke steeti bụ nkwado ndị agha n'aka RSFSR. Nke a na ụdị enyemaka bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi na oruru na ndabere nke East-Siberia Soviet agha nke ya agha DDA - Ndị Mmadụ Revolutinary Army (NRA).

Ihe e kere eke na-eme ka a họrọ kaadi si n'aka Japan, bụ nke gosipụtara nnọpụiche ya, ma a manyere ya ịmalite ịhapụ usoro ya site na Far East site na July 3, 1920. Nke a mere ka NRA nweta ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịlụ ọgụ megide ndị agha ọjọọ na mpaghara ahụ, ma si otú ahụ gbasaa ókèala nke Far Eastern Republic.

Ọktoba 22, ndị Chita nọ na-ahụ ndị agha na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ndị mmadụ, ndị ataman Semenov hapụrụ ya ozugbo. Esisịt ini ke oro ebede, ukara FER ama ọwọrọ ke Verkhneudinsk aka obio emi.

Mgbe ndị Japanese hapụrụ Khabarovsk, n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1920, otu nnọkọ nke ndị nnọchianya nke Trans-Baikal, Primorsky na Amur dị n'ógbè Chita, bụ nke e mere mkpebi iji banye n'ókèala ndị a n'otu ala - FER. Ya mere, ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị afọ 1920, Far Eastern Republic na-achịkwa ọtụtụ nke East East.

DVR ngwaọrụ

N'oge ọ dị adị, Far Eastern Republic nwere usoro nhazi na ókèala dị iche iche. Ná mmalite, ọ gụnyere mpaghara ise: Transbaikal, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Amur na Primorye.

Ndi ochichi onwe ha, na n 'ochichi nke ndi isi, guzobere oru nke ndi DDA bu ndi choputara na Jenụwarị 1921. Ọ nakweere iwu, dịka a na-ewere Mgbakọ Ndị Mbụ dịka ikike kasị elu. Ndi ochichi ndi ochichi choputara ya. Ọzọkwa, ndị Constituent Assembly họpụtara ndị ọchịchị gawa site A. Krasnoshchekov, nke dochie N. Matveev na njedebe nke 1921.

White Guard Nche

Na January 26, 1921, ndị agha White Guard, na nkwado nke Japan, kwaturu ọchịchị Bolshevik na Vladivostok ma si otú ahụ wepụ mpaghara ahụ site na FER. Na mpaghara nke Primorsky mpaghara, a na-akpọ Priamursky Zemsky Region. N'iburu na ndị agha White, na njedebe nke afọ 1921, e kpochapụwo Khabarovsk site na FER.

Ma na nhọpụta nke Blucher, onye ọrụ agha nke azụmahịa na Far Eastern Republic dara nnọọ mma. A haziri nkwekọrịta ọjọọ, bụ mgbe ndị White Guards nwere nnukwu mmeri, kpofuru Khabarovsk, ma na njedebe nke Ọktoba 1922, a chụpụrụ ha kpam kpam site n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa.

Njikọ nke Far Eastern Republic na steeti Soviet

Ya mere, Far Eastern Republic (1920-1922) mezue ozi ya dị ka ebe nchekwa, nchịkọta nke enyeghị Japan ihe kpatara ya iji tinye aka na agha Red Army. N'ihi nchụpụ nke ndị agha White Guard si n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa, ịdịgide adịgide nke FER enweghị ihe ọ bụla. Ajụjụ nke ịbanye na RSFSR nke a na-esite na steeti a dị njọ, nke mere na November 15, 1922 na-adabere ná mkpesa nke Mgbakọ Mba. Mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa kwụsịrị ịdị adị.