The ọhụrụ usoro dị ka a echiche nke rụọ mmepụta

Na Ozizi, echiche nke rụọ mmepụta usoro nke ọhụrụ a na-ewere dị ka a usoro nke nzọụkwụ:

1) ihe mmalite na mmejuputa iwu (P. Norman);

2) nwale nke nnabata nke mmeghe, routinisation (J. Hage, M. Aiken) .;

3) nghọta nke nsogbu, na mmepụta nke echiche, na-achọta a ngwọta nke nsogbu, ngwọta, mmejuputa iwu-na ojiji (A. Myers na D. Margis).

Nhazi onodu secrete nzọụkwụ nke:

1) conceptualization, na-eme na-enye, nabata (nnabata) na mmejuputa iwu (J. Wilson) .;

2) The search maka "mgbọrọgwụ" nke nsogbu, na mmepụta nke ọzọ amụma, ihe ntule nke ọzọ ngwọta, nhọrọ na nnabata nke mkpebi, ihu ọma ma na-eme (L. Cummings na M. O'Connell). Meziwanye nzukọ nke mmepụta na onodu nke otutu mmepe nke enterprise, ọ na-enye ohere ka igbunye 3 nkebi:

1. Production nke innovations - a Ntụpụta elo oru na ngwọta nke nsogbu nke na-eke ọhụrụ.

2. Nkesa na nzukọ mmepe nke ọhụrụ;

3. Jiri nke innovations - aka na ngwa, ọrụ; mkpofu mgbe eji.

Ọ ga-kwuru na ihe ndị na-ọdịnaya nke nkebi nke ọhụrụ usoro na-adabere na ụdị ọhụrụ na odidi nke nkwalite nke ọhụrụ na ahịa.

Nkebi nke ndụ okirikiri nke ọhụrụ na-agụnye:

1. Research.

2. Mmalite - echiche nke rụọ mmepụta mgbe niile emee na ndabere nke a echiche ọhụrụ.

3. The mmepe nke ngwaahịa.

4. The mmepe nke a ọhụrụ usoro.

5. Improvement nke nzukọ nke mmepụta na osisi - mmepụta nkwadebe, atule, kwesịrị ekwesị, mmejuputa iwu nke mmepụta.

6. mgbasa - iwebata innovations na kwuru kpọmkwem isiokwu.

7. Oriri - eji innovations.

8. routinisation - mgbanwe nke ọhụrụ n'ime juru ulo oru ọrụ.

Echiche nke rụọ mmepụta dabeere na ọhụrụ usoro, na-egosi na ọ na, dị ka a collection of sub-mkpuchite:

1) Isi ọhụrụ usoro innovations na oriri (mmepe oru ngo ego usoro) ;

2) ọrụ usoro (azụmahịa, iwu na nzukọ, informational, nkà na ụzụ na izi, ego na logistical support, software ize, mbanye na ọzụzụ);

3) usoro iwu usoro (ala, alaka ụlọ ọrụ, na mpaghara, ọchịchị, ụlọọrụ).

N'aka nke ọzọ, usoro ọhụrụ, echiche nke rụọ mmepụta, noogenesis (e kere eke nke ọhụrụ ihe ọmụma) a na-ewere dabeere na echiche nke mmadụ ihe n'obiọma. Ya 'ịkụnye "na a kpọmkwem mmewere nke gburugburu ebe obibi na-eme, n'aka nke ya, na gburugburu ebe obibi akụrụngwa, nwere ike na-aghọta ọhụrụ.

Ọ ga igbunye otutu usoro nzọụkwụ:

1) ọgbọ nke echiche;

2) njikọ nke echiche na ẹdude omume;

3) usable mmejuputa - e kere eke nke a prototype;

4) ojiji nke ọhụrụ, na "mbelata";

5) ọrụ ọhụrụ kwụsị ịga akwụkwọ ntụpọ ahụmahụ, nke bụ ike iru lekwasịrị;

6) vulgarisation ọhụrụ - ọnwụ nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke isịne na kwuru, Njirimara soro capitalization nke akwakọba na-enyemaka nke ahụmahụ, mgbanwe site J.Randall n'itinye ọhụrụ ya nile eji.

Ọgwụgwụ N'ihi nke mmejuputa iwu na ime ihe nke ọhụrụ na-eje ozi dị ka onye na-abawanye na ihe ọmụma. Mgbe a na ogbo, echiche nke rụọ mmepụta a agbala ikpeazụ ya ụdị, na ọhụrụ amama n'ime ihe kwa ụbọchị na-arụ ọrụ ngwá ọrụ.

N'ihi ya, na usoro nke ọhụrụ, ọbụna na n'ọnụ larịị nke echiche, na-eme dị ka a mgbagwoju multidimensional onu, ya mere ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị akwụkwọ, okwu nwere ọtụtụ ịkọwa.