Ọgụ helikọpta Mi-35M: ihe mere eme, nkọwa na e ji mara

Mi-35M - ọ bụ ihe mbupụ version nke Russian ọgụ helikọpta Mi-24, BM, nke bụ a mgbanwe nke ama Soviet rotorcraft. Soviet ụgbọelu na-akpọ ya "na-efe efe tank" site ntụnyere na mara n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ fighter ụgbọ elu IL-2. Unofficial aha otutu ọgụ unit bụ "agụ iyi" n'ihi a na atụrụ nke a ozuzo helikopta.

Mgbe e nwere ụzọ nke Mi-35M?

Ná mmalite 1960, ndị Soviet mmebe Mikhail nnù, o doro anya na-emekarị n'ebe mgbe-amụba agagharị nke agha ga-eduga ihe e kere eke nke-efe efe bipu ọgụ ugbo ala nke support na ike ga-eji na-arụ ma ọgụ na iga nsogbu. The mbụ helikọpta ọchị-24, na-ekwupụta echiche a, mepụtara n'okpuru idu ndú nke Mile, ke ẹkenam ke 1966 na ibuo shop nke Ministry of Aviation Mmeputa. Echiche nke ngwaahịa a dabeere ọzọ oru ngo - a general-nzube helikọpta V-22, nke bụ n'onwe ya mgbe ama. B-24 nwere a Central njem na ibu ogige, nke nwere ike ịnabata mmadụ asatọ ọdụ laghachi azụ na obere nku na ike nke na-ebu isii ụta na na elu n'azụ nke helikọpta, nakwa dị ka ejima-gbọmgbọm egbe.

Ikpebi amalite na-emepe emepe

Miles nyere ya imewe ndú nke Soviet agha. Ezie na ọ natara nkwado nke ọtụtụ agha ndị ndú, ụfọdụ n'ime ha chere na mmepe nke ot ngwá agha ga-a mma ojiji nke ego. N'agbanyeghị mmegide, nnù jisiri ime ka mbụ osote onye na-eje ozi nke na-azara ọnụ, Marshal Andrei Grechko, ka ikpokota otu ọkachamara na-amụ nke. Na njedebe, na ha amaghị na Mile ndibọhọ, na Defense arịrịọ maka mmepe nke helikọpta na-akwado bipu e nyere. Ya mere malitere ogologo njem nke ọgụ helikọpta Mi-35M. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ya mmepe ada itie megide ndabere nke mmepe na ojiji nke ọgụ na agha helicopters si US Army n'oge na Vietnam Agha. Ha bara uru ngwa ji kwetasie ike na nke Soviet ndú na njikere helikọpta uru na nyeere akwado mmepe nke Mi-24 oru ngo, nke na oge anyị na-a helikọpta (nnù) Mi-35M.

Ọganihu na mmepe

Ná mmalite nnù injinia kwadebere abụọ bụ isi imewe nhọrọ: 7-ton otu-engine na ejima-engine 10.5 ton. May 6, 1968 e nyere a ntụziaka na-amalite na-emepe emepe nke abụọ version. The ọrụ edu nnù ruo ọnwụ ya na 1970. Design malitere ọrụ August 1968. na-ọnụ ọgụgụ nlereanya helikọpta e enyocha na mma na February 1969. Flight ule nke prototype, mgbe e mesịrị, ghọrọ usoro n'ime Mi-35M helikọpta malitere September 15, 1969 na-adịrị usoro nduzi, na mbụ free ụgbọ elu ẹkenịmde ụbọchị anọ mgbe e mesịrị. Ọ dịghịkwa anya wuru na nke abụọ otu, mgbe ahụ wepụtara si a ule ogbe nke iri helicopters.

Mmeli mma na kwuru nke agha

Ịnakwere ule nke prototypes ugbu Mi-35M helicopters - Mi-24 - malitere na June 1970, na-adịgide adịgide maka ọnwa 18. Mgbanwe imewe, na-iji na rụọ ọrụ ndị bughi ike, na iwepu nsogbu nke ike ọgwụgwụ na-ebelata vibration. Ke adianade do, a na-adịghị mma 12-ogo ndida ke ẹkenam ke nku helikọpta iji kpochapụ ọchịchọ yaw site n'otu akụkụ gaa n'akụkụ na gbapụrụ ọsọ n'elu 200 km / h, na agha pylons mgbagwoju "Phalanx-M" e zigara si fuselage ka nku n'ọnụ. The ọdụ rotor ka a kpaliri site na nri na n'aka ekpe nke ndị na ọdụ, na ntụziaka nke adiana na-nwesịrị. A ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọzọ imewe mgbanwe e mere na-amalite mmepụta nke mbụ version nke Mi-24A na 1970. Mgbe anata nkwenye nke ha arụmọrụ, na 1971, a afọ mgbe e mesịrị, ọ e eze nabatara n'ime ọrụ.

Otu nnyocha nke ihe owuwu

Ihe ọ e biiri si Mi-8 (NATO akuko aha "Hip") na abụọ TURBO efefe, a ise agụba isi rotor na atọ-agụba ọdụ rotor. engine nhazi nyere Mi-35M ya e ji mara inlets na abụọ nke fuselage. The mbụ version nwere a tandem kokpiiti atụmatụ: enịm ke n'ihu nke akụ, ma n'elu elu ya, na a nta n'azụ pilot anọdụ.

The fuselage nke Mi-24 bụ kpamkpam armored na ike idi wɔfrɛ wɔn T si 12.7 mm mgbọ niile ntụziaka. Titanium pupụtara nwekwara eguzogide 12.7 mm mgbọ. The ụlọ na-echebe site mgbọ windscreens na pan-mesikwuru titanium. The akara kokpiiti nọgidere na-enwe ngafe mgbali iji chebe arụ ọrụ na ọnọdụ nke redioaktivu ofufe.

ụgbọ elu arụmọrụ

Uche, ka e nyere na-enye ndị Mi-24, karịa na o kwere omume na-agba. Fuselage e mere streamlined na-onwem na retractable ọdịda gia, iji belata ikpuru. Na elu gbapụrụ ọsọ nku enye bukwanu inwego (ka a nkeji iri na ise nke ya ngụkọta nke ukwu). Isi ịghasa na-achọkarị na 2,5 Celsius aka nri nke fuselage iji chefuo a ọchịchọ skew na anyịnya ala. The Chassis na-weturu aka ekpe, nke jụrụ niile ọgụ helikọpta Mi-35 ke otu direction mgbe ọ bụ n'ala. N'ihi ya isi ịghasa emi odude ke a kwụ ụgbọelu. The ọdụ bụkwa akpàràkpà, nke na-emepụta a mpụta ike na ya na-agba, si otú na-ebelata ọdụ rotor.

Mmegharị bụ isi nlereanya

The mbụ commercially dị ebe ọ bụ na 1971, ndị helikọpta ghọrọ Mi-24A. Ọ nwere a tandem kokpiiti, na ọdụ ya rotor na-ibido odude ke ziri ezi. Mgbe na-ebufe kposara na n'aka ekpe nke ọ na-anọgide n'ebe ahụ niile ụdi ụdị.

Ahụ gara esote na usoro nke 1973 model helikọpta Mi-24D. Ọ mbụ na-egosi tandem kokpiiti.

Ebe ọ bụ na 1976, Oghere Usoro mmepụta nlereanya gara Mi-24V, nke mbụ na-egosi mgbochi agha usoro Sturm-V. Ruo mgbe 1986, ha na-arụnyere a ngụkọta nke 4, mgbe ahụ, nọmba mụbara 16.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke Soviet ogbo nke ika mmepe nke Mi-24 bụ ihe nlereanya nke Mi-24 EP, mepụtara site na 1989. Ọzọkwa antitank agba Mi-24 e onwem na akụ ụta VI "ikuku na-ikuku" na SAMs "agịga-C". N'ihi ya, o nwere ike kụrụ ma n'ala armored na ikuku zaa (helicopters, ụgbọ elu, n'ala agha ugbo elu. UAVs). Ya American counterpart AH-64A Apache bụ budata ala karịa ya na-agba, ọgụ ike. nche.

Russian ogbo nke modernization nke ika

Na ida nke Soviet Union ama etre maka ihe karịrị afọ 20 na mmepe nke ama ezinụlọ "nnù" agha helicopters. Model Mi-24 EP e wepụtara dị nnọọ 30 mbipụta.

N'ikpeazụ na nkera nke abụọ nke 2000, e nwere a kpere Russian nlereanya nke Mi-24VM. O ofu ọdịda gia, o nwere ike na-ebu na-esonụ iche nke agba: mgbochi ụdị "ikuku-air" na-emegide ugbo elu ụdị "Igla-V". Maka nchebe si n'ala MPADS egosi thermal radieshon nke helikọpta engine, ọ na-onwem na ihe infrared nnyonye anya nchebe.

On mbupụ Mi-24VM a napụtara n'okpuru designation Mi-35M. Olee otú o dị ka ya? Pictures of ezigbo ọgụ ugbo ala nwere ike ọ bụghị mgbe niile nyefee niile imewe atụmatụ. N'ụzọ doro anya na-enye ha plastic nlereanya nke Mi-35M (1:72) "The Star", bụ ebe nile n'etiti Russian na mba ọzọ na ndị hụrụ ụgbọelu technology na e gosiri na foto dị n'okpuru.

Speed ndekọ na Mi-24V

Ọ bụ ihe kasị nkịtị nlereanya nke ọgụ ụgbọala. Mi-24V e guzosie ike ọtụtụ ụwa ọsọ ndekọ na ịrị elu oge a gaghị agara elu. The helikopta e gbanwetụrụ otú dị ukwuu dị ka o kwere omume iji belata ibu - onye nke ndozi bụ mwepụ nke stub nku.

Ọtụtụ nke ukara ndekọ dị iche iche na edemede na Mi-24V awụnyebeghị nwanyi ndi oru ugbo nke Galina Rastorgueva na Lyudmily Polyanskoy ke 70s nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ. Ebe ọ bụ na July 16, 1975, ha rutere ọsọ nke 341.32 km / h mgbe na-efe efe na a ogologo akara na a anya nke 15/25 km, na July 18, 1975 ka ndị na-agba ndekọ na 334.46 km / h na a nlegide anya 100 km . 1 August 1975, na ụgbọ elu na gburugburu 500 km uru bụ 331.02 km / h, na na 13 August 1975, na ije enweghị payload tinyere a mechiri emechi ụzọ ogologo 1000 km helikọpta chụgara ka 332.65 km / Ọrụ Nchịkwa. Ndị a ndia na-nọ na-ruo ụbọchị.

Tụnyere Western helicopters

Gịnị dị iche Mi-35M? Ọ na-agwakọta àgwà nke àgwà nke armored ọgụ ụgbọala na a iga helikopta. Ọ dịghị ihe kpọmkwem counterpart na ndị agha nke NATO mba. Ọ maara na helicopters Uh-1 ( "Huey") e ji mee ihe n'oge Vietnam Agha ma ọ bụ na-ebuga ndị agha, ma ọ bụ dị ka a na-alụ ọgụ igwe, ma ha enweghị ike ịrụ ma ndị a aga-eme na yiri. N'ịtụgharị Uh-1 helikọpta gunship pụtara agba dum ogige maka njem n'okpuru ọzọ mmanụ ụgbọala na mgbọ, na dị ka a na ya pụta, na ọnwụ nke ohere iji ya mee ka a ụgbọala. Mi-24 na ya niile ụdi mgbanwe, gụnyere Mi-35M a haziri ịrụ ma ihe aga-eme, na ọ bụ omume na-egosi na oge nke agha na Afghanistan na 1980-1989.

The ezigbo Western Ẹkot ọ bụ Sikorsky S-67 Blackhawk, nke na-eji ọtụtụ n'ime ụdị imewe ụkpụrụ na e wuru dị ka a elu-ọsọ, ukwuu maneuverable agha helikọpta na mmachi erute ike na ojiji nke a set nke ọnụ si na mbụ nlereanya Sikorsky S-61. S-67 Otú ọ dị, a dịghị ekwe ka ọrụ. The Mi-24 aha ya bụ ndị ụwa nanị "agha helikọpta" site a Nchikota firepower na ikike ibufe agha.