The Tower of London. History nke Tower of London na London

Castle Tower of London bụ otu n'ime ndị isi na-adọrọ mmasị nke UK. Nke a abụghị nnọọ a ebube ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta, a na akara na enyene a dị ịrịba ama ná akụkọ ihe mere eme nke English akwado ọchịchị ya.

Location

Bụ Tower of London na London, na River Thames. Nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ochie ụlọ ke England. N'oge ya ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme na Tower nwere oge gara n'obí, a ebe e wusiri ike, a n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, ihe Observatory, a zoo, a Mint, ngwá, repository nke British okpueze jewels, nakwa dị ka a ebe mara mma ka ndị njem nleta na-abịa site n'ụwa nile.

mwube

Tower of London e wuru na ọtụtụ nkebi. The isi nke ụlọ akụkọ ihe mere eme àgwà ka King Wilhelm m, nke ozugbo mmeri nke British Land malitere ewu nzere castles iji ịmaja ndị obodo. Dị ka akụkụ nke a bụ isi ihe mere na 1078 na Tower e wuru na saịtị nke ochie osisi nkera. Ọ bụ a nnukwu akụkụ anọ nkera akụkụ 32h36 m, elu nke 30 m. Mgbe ọnwụ nke William m na-esote eze England nyere iwu na-ewu nke agba na-acha ọcha na agba, mgbe nke ndị na-ewu a na-akpọ "White Tower". King Richard ndị Lionheart ọzọ ụlọ elu dị iche iche elu na-wuru ma dị ike mgbidi, ahịrị abụọ gbara ụbara Ọdịdị. Now Tower e gwuru miri okporo mmiri, mee ya otu n'ime ndị kasị-apụghị imeri emeri e wusiri ike dị na Europe.

Famous mkpọrọ

Tower of London were mbụ mkpọrọ na 1100. Ha ghọrọ Bishop Ralph Flambard, onye, site ụzọ, na otu oge were ifịk akụkụ na-ewu nke e wusiri ike. Life ụkọchukwu ukwu n'okpuru mkpọchi bụ nnọọ obi ụtọ - enye ama ebube ulo, ụtọ a iche iche ọmụmụ, detụrụ-atọ ụtọ ọṅụṅụ na efere. Otú ọ dị, a mkpọrọ agbapụ si Tower dị ka anya dị ka o kwere omume, na iji eriri, nke O nyere na a n'akụkụ nke wine. The ọzọ mkpọrọ, Griffin, ndị Duke nke Wales, a tụrụ mkpọrọ na nkera afọ 150 na nwụrụ (jiri) mgbe na-agbalị izere. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị dara n'ime disfavour mmadụ nke -acha anụnụ anụnụ na ọbara mgbe nile na-aghọ a mkpọrọ n'ime Tower. E gara eze France na Scotland (John II, Orleans Karl Jacob na Scots m) na ndị nchụàjà na a ma ama dị iche iche degrees na utu aha. Onye ama ama nke nnukwu ụlọ na-a ebe ọbara ikwa igbu. E bibiri ntorobịa isi - a iri na abụọ afọ Edward V na nwanne ya nwoke Richard, nwua Korol Genrih VI.

Ndị e ji eji na-chọpụtara na free ebe, mmachi nke nnwere onwe nwere ike ịbụ ihe ọ bụla. Nchoputa nke Pennsylvania na North America, Penn Uilyam, bụ na Tower n'ihi nkwenkwe okpukpe ha ma nọrọ ọnwa asatọ. The Duke nke Orleans, Charles, mkpọrọ nnukwu ụlọ ruo ogologo 25 afọ na-ekpe mgbe akwụ ụgwọ a nnukwu ihe mgbapụta maka ya. Reyli Uolter - courtier, ọkà mmụta sayensị na-eme nchọpụta - atọ stints nga, na-họọrọ ọ bụ ngụkọta nke afọ iri na atọ. Ọ na-eto na Castle Garden ụtaba na brightened egbu mgbu owu na-ama site ede a multi-olu "History of the World."

Matrimonial atụmatụ na okpukpe dị iche iche

Ajọ Onye ebe ịta na Tower nke London malitere mgbe accession ocheeze nke Henry nke Asatọ, onye ọchịchọ siri nwere a ziri ezi nketa ya mere ka otu nke kasị ukwuu villains na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke England. Henry mebiri na Gris na ndị Rom Church, jụrụ ịnakwere ya alụkwaghịm nwunye ya mbụ, isi a abụọ - Anne Boleyn, na-enweghị ike na-agbara ya nwa-nwoke, ọkọdọ Bibie ihe yiri nke ahụ site na ise - Govard Ketrin, na-adịghị izute ya nile mkpa. N'otu oge ahụ na eze a ọtụtụ elu-ogo mmadụ tọrọ ala ndụ ha na Tower.

Edward VI nke, na-esote eze England, ghọrọ a kwesịrị nọchiri nna-ya, na emeghị skimp na ọnwụ. Ada Henry nke Asatọ - Maria - bụ ezigbo onye Katọlik na fiercely agha na-adị ọcha nke okwukwe, bụ ndị na-nwere ike ime na-enweghị ọbara àjà. Ke adianade do, ime ihe ike onye, mgbe n'ocheeze ahụ, ozugbo decapitated ya isi na-ama ndị agha nke ocheeze - iri na isi nke Lady Jane Gray. Ọtụtụ protesters e gburu n'oge ọchịchị Mary, ma na-esote Queen of England - Elizabeth - equalized na idiọk si mesoo mbụ metọrọ ya Catholic. History nke Tower of London jupụtara ihe ike emesi megide a ma ama na mmadụ dara n'ime ihere n'ihi okpukpe.

Executions na ahụhụ

Ọtụtụ puku ndị mkpọrọ nọ Tower. Otú ọ dị, naanị ndị ikom abụọ na ise ndị inyom e ọdịda ihe ùgwù nke ịbụ decapitated na ókèala nke ama ebe e wusiri ike. Atọ nke ndị a ozu ndị Queens: Dzheyn Gray (n'ocheeze ahụ were ụbọchị itoolu), Ketrin Govard na Anne Boleyn. Obere elu-mụrụ mkpọrọ e gburu dị nso, na Tower Hill, ebe chikọta ọtụtụ Fans nke mgbuchapụ. Aru nke ihe gburu omekome a isiokwu ili ozu na ebe ewusiri ike. Castle Tower of London ụlọ ahịa dị na ha n'okpuru ala-anọgide nke 1,500 mkpọrọ.

Ịta ndị mkpọrọ na Tower e rụrụ naanị na ikike nke ndị ọchịchị. Ya mere, Gay Foks, a mpụ bụ ndị nwara ịfụ Ụlọ nzuko omeiwu na 1605 bụ na ụlọ elu ogbe. Nke a na-amanye ya aha aha tupu egbu masterminds gunpowder ibé.

Tower - a ebe mkpọrọ na-adịbeghị anya akụkọ ihe mere eme

N'otu oge, na English ocheeze Charles II, Tower of London na London fọrọ nke nta na-replenished mkpọrọ. The ikpeazụ egbu Tower Hill ada itie ke 1747, ma ama ulo-elu a bụ ụlọ mkpọrọ, na n'oge a. Na mbụ World War, ọ e kwubiri, na mgbe ahụ gbara iri German nledo. N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na mkpọrọ nke agha ẹkenịmde ke ebe e wusiri ike, otu n'ime ha bụ Rudolf Hess. Onye ikpeazụ a ga-egbu n'ebe ahu ewusiri ike, bụ Jacob Joseph, ebubo nke ịbụ ndị nledo na-gburu ke 1941. The ikpeazụ mkpọrọ nke Tower nọ 1952 site ụmụnna-òtù ọjọọ Cray.

Ndị ọzọ na ojiji nke ụlọ elu

Tower nke Tower of London bụ a ịga nke ọma dị ka zoo, bi osisi anụmanụ. Ọdịnala e guzobere na Asaa na narị afọ site Henry III, natara dị ka onyinye a ole na ole ụmụ anụmanụ na-enye ha a residency na ama ebe e wusiri ike. N'oge ọchịchị nke Elizabeth m, ndị zoo meghere ka ọbịa. Naanị na 1830 na Tower menagerie kagburu.

Dị ka afọ 500 na ebe e wusiri ike ejikwara alaka nke Royal Mint. Ke adianade do, Tower nọ ịrịba iwu na ọchịchị ala, nakwa dị ka ngwá agha nke eze agha na eze ya.

Nche ebe e wusiri ike na àkù nke British Alaeze Ukwu

Special iru ala na Tower malitere na 1485. Ulo-nche ebe e wusiri ike utu aha Beefeaters (si English "beef", nke pụtara "beef"), n'ihi na ọbụna ndị kasị sie ike afọ maka mba nri obi ike nche nke Tower gụnyere a ọkpụrụkpụ òkè nke anụ. N'ihi ya English onyeeze onwe ya nyere pụrụ ịdabere na-agbachitere.

The Tower bụ a n'obí "reyvensmaster" (superintendent nke ugoloọma), nke bụ maka na-elekọta ìgwè ewu na atụrụ nke na ugoloọma na-ebi na ebe ewusiri ike. An akụkọ mgbe ochie na-ekwu, ma ọ bụrụ na ndị a na nwa nnụnụ ahapụ Tower of London, UK ga-ata ahụhụ n'ihi ajọ ihe ndabara. Na akwaa adịghị ofufe pụọ, nku ha akpụ.

Na ebe e wusiri ike bụ akụ nke British Alaeze Ukwu. -Eche ha nche site pụrụ iche Rangers. Ọbịa ahụ bụ ike na-enwe mmasị eze jewels si na Asaa na narị afọ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama ọla - na kasị ibu n'ụwa emeso diamond Kullian I.

Tower akwa

Ọzọ dị ebube n'anya England bụ ma ama Tower Bridge na London. Ọ nwetara aha ya n'ihi na nke idi nso ama ebe e wusiri ike. The drawbridge n'elu Thames e wuru na 1886-1894 afọ. Ogologo ya bụ 244 mita. Construction dị n'etiti ụlọ elu abụọ, elu - 65 mita. The Central Itie nwere ogologo 61 mita, ọ na-kewara abụọ nkù, nke nwere ike ga-akpọlite site n'akuku nke 83 Celsius ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa. Onye ọ bụla nku Atụlee banyere otu puku tọn, Otú ọ dị, ekele a pụrụ iche counterweight, gbara maka banyere otu nkeji. Ná mmalite na-adịru malitere site a mmiri haịdrọlik usoro. N'afọ 1974, ozuzu nke mmiri usoro e kwadoro site na ihe electric drive.

Pedestrians nwere ike ịgafe àkwà mmiri, ọbụna diluted na ala - na ọ bụ n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ nyere maka ejikọta ulo-elu na a elu nke 44 m gallery. Ha nwere ike ịrị steepụ, odude n'ime ụlọ elu. Na 1982, ndị gallery malitere ịrụ ọrụ nke chọpụtara oche na ihe ngosi nka. Tower Bridge (Tower Bridge), London ụtọ ọ na-erughị na-ewu ewu karịa nnọọ ama ebe e wusiri ike.