Thoracic duct: e ji mara

является основным ее сосудом. Thoracic duct lymphatic usoro bụ isi arịa. Ọ pụrụ kpụrụ na ọtụtụ ụzọ. Anyị na-atụle n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ihe ndị thoracic duct.

mmewere

Na mgbidi arịa atọ membranes: endothelial, muscle-fibrotic na ihe elu. Ke akpa 7-9 ugbu nnukwu semilunar valves. Musculo-fibrous n'ọbọ bụ na ọnụ ọnụ nke sphincter. Adventitia (elu)-agbaso ndị pleura, aorta na n'ọkpụkpụ azụ. Site ná mmalite na duct bụ dịpụrụ adịpụ abdominal, thoracic, cervical ngalaba. Nke ikpeazụ na-anọchi anya na ụdị ihe aak, na mbụ na nke abụọ - n'ụdị a ogologo beaded arịa na-eso ndakwasị aorta. Abdominal aortic òkè-agabiga nchawa na diaphragm n'ime obi oghere. проходит по левой боковой плоскости нижних позвонков сзади от нисходящей аорты. N'ebe a, thoracic duct-agba tinyere na n'aka ekpe nke ụgbọelu nke ala vertebrae nke azụ nke nēfedakwasi aorta. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-mehieworonụ nso ka nkọlọ. Na ebe nke 2-3-nke thoracic duct abịa nke na nkọlọ (ya hapụrụ onu). Mgbe ahụ n'azụ nkịtị na subclavian akwara adahade n'elu nke aperture. Next, ụgbọ na-aga gburugburu n'elu na-azụ nke na n'aka ekpe nke ndị pleura. в венозный угол либо ветви, формирующие его, - плечеголовную, подключичную, внутреннюю яремную. Ebe a, akpụ aak, thoracic duct empties n'ime venous n'akuku ma ọ bụ alaka na-akpụ ya, - brachiocephalic, subclavian, esịtidem jugular. Na saịtị a na a arịa kpụrụ semilunar valvụ na sphincter. в длину достигает 1-1,5 см, в редких случаях 3-4 см. Thoracic duct ogologo esịmde 1-1.5 cm, na obere okwu, 3-4 cm.

guzobere

образуется: Thoracic duct na-guzobere:

1. Mmakọ nsia, lumbar ma ọ bụ abụọ, na ndị ọzọ na akụ na abụọ.
2. The guzobere alaka chylocyst. Na nke a, na thoracic duct anya dị ka a ampullar, conical mgbasa.
3. Jikọrọ ọnụ naanị lumbar na nsia Kporo.

может образовываться и как сетевидное начало в форме петлистого крупного сплетения из чревных, поясничных, брыжеечных ветвей и выносящих сосудов. Thoracic duct nwekwara ike kpụrụ dị ka a reticular ekara n'elu petlistogo nke isi celiac plexus, lumbar, mesenteric alaka efferent arịa.

The kpọmkwem nke ihe owuwu

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe owuwu ma na ọdịdị ala mgbanwe egosipụta. Karịsịa, ọ na-kwuru, sị:

1. Ibawanye thoracic ma ọ bụ guzobere ọzọ (otu ma ọ bụ karịa) ducts.
2. Nhọrọ dịgasị iche iche maka mmekọrịta na pleura, aorta, miri cervical veins, na nkọlọ.
3. Confluence na venous (jugular) n'akuku, brachiocephalic, subclavian akwara ma ọ bụ onye ọzọ gbọmgbọm.
4. Education ampule òkè tupu abanye n'ime arịa.
5. Inflows nwere ike ịdaba nkuku jugular akwara ma ọ bụ na-eme ya onwe gị.

Thoracic duct: nri lymphatic duct

Nke a mmewere nwekwara ike ahazi na ụzọ dị iche iche:

1. Confluence nke subclavian, jugular, broncho-mediastinal Kporo. . Nke a Nleta a obere na obosara thoracic duct. Ọnọdụ a na-hụrụ 18-20% nke ikpe.
2. Right ọwa nwere ike ịbụ na-anọghị. N'ọbọ na ya ụdị na-emeghe n'ime jugular ma ọ bụ n'akuku nke ya akụrụngwa arịa. Ọnọdụ a na-hụrụ 80-82% nke ikpe.
3. E nwere a nkewa nke nnọọ obere, obosara nke nri ọwa tupu abanye a akuku na 2-3 na ndị ọzọ okporo. Nke a oghere a na-akpọ reticular ụdị.

Kporo

Ha na-atọ:

1. Jugular ogwe. Ọ na-kpụrụ site akpọpụta cervical arịa. Ha na-apụta nke miri emi na mpụta ọnụ. Nke a ogwe esokwa esịtidem jugular akwara na nkuku. Ná nkebi a ọ na-aga n'ime ya ma ọ bụ ọbara na arịa, akpụ ya, ma ọ bụ na-ekere òkè na guzobere nri ọwa.
2. Subclavian ogwe. Ọdịdị ya dị ruru ka jikota efferent arịa axillary ọnụ. Gbọmgbọm ẹkenịmde nso subclavian akwara, na nwere a sphincter valvụ. Ọ na-emepe ma ọ bụ venous arịa na n'akuku, ọ na-akpụ ma ọ bụ nri ọwa.
3. Bronhomediastinalny ogwe. Ọ a kpụrụ si bronchopulmonary efferent arịa, tracheal, mediastinal ọnụ. Na nke a mụụrụ e nwere valves. Ọ na-emepe n'ime nri ọwa, ma ọ bụ ndị jugular venous n'akuku, ma ọ bụ n'ime arịa, akpụ ya. Nke ikpeazụ na-agụnye brachiocephalic, subclavian, jugular akwara.

Ekpe efferent arịa emeghe n'ime thoracic duct. Site elu tracheobronchial na mediastinal ọnụ ha nwere ike wụsara n'ime venous n'akuku. The lymphatic Kporo, dị ka duct, e nwere atọ membranes: adventitia, muscular na endothelial-agbanwe.

Ọbara arịa nke ngụgụ na ọnụ

The capillaries na-guzobere abụọ netwọk. One - elu - emi odude ke visceral pleura. The abụọ - miri - a kpụrụ banyere akpa ume alveoli lobules na gburugburu arịa na alaka nke bronchial osisi. N'elu netwọk na-anọchi anya a Nchikota warara na mbara capillaries. Ọ bụ otu oyi akwa. Capillary plexus adade ke ụdị na-ekesa nile na-ebupụta na visceral pleura. Deep bụ a atọ akụkụ netwọk. Dị ka a isi akụkụ ya protrude lobular plexus. Ha na eziga Lymph 2nd ntụziaka. Ọ abatakwa plexus akpa ume arịa na bronchial akpa, na n'ime-pleural netwọk. Uru alaka ii na nke larịị, rue n'ime portal na hara nhatanha. Ha na-abịa nke si n'akpa ume, ya na veins na visceral-emeghe na ndị na-esonụ nkeji:

1. Bronchopulmonary. Ha na-ekewa n'ime intraorganic na vneorgannye. The mbụ dị na hara nhatanha na segmental bronchi, nke abụọ - na mgbọrọgwụ nke akpa ume.
2. Tracheobronchial elu na ala. Ha na-edina n'elu na n'okpuru tracheal bifurcation.

Efferent arịa igba n'ime ihu mediastinum na tracheobronchial ọnụ. N'ime ndị a, ha na-meghere ke bronhomediastinalny ogwe. Na obere okwu, arịa nwere ike ịdaba thoracic duct na jugular venous n'akuku.