Trehskatnaya ụlọ na aka ya: ngwaọrụ na calculations

Trehskatnaya n'elu ụlọ bụ a mgbagwoju Ọdịdị, tụnyere a ot mono-pitch. N'agbanyeghị nke a, ụfọdụ n'ime ndị nwe obodo ụlọ na onwe mmasị ya. Ọ bụrụ na kwesịrị ekwesị mepụta nha na-eduzi a eru nhọrọ nke ihe, ndị dị otú ahụ ga-icho mma ụlọ nke na ulo ụlọ na ga-echebe ya n'ihi na ọtụtụ iri afọ. Ndị dị otú ahụ a ụlọ nke ezi mgbe rụọ oyi ubi, pavilions na ndị ọzọ yiri ụlọ ọrụ, na-enye ụlọ ihe mara n'ile anya.

Ngwa ụlọ trehskatnoy

Trehskatnaya ụlọ nwere ọtụtụ iche si a gable. Ha na-agụnye na wụnye abụọ nakosnyh trusses, nke ga-etolite ramp gambrel. Ke adianade do, Ọdịdị ga na-ịnọgide na-enwe ná ntụhie ya. Nakosnye ntụhie ga-aba n'akụkụ, nke mere ka ha ga-ahọrọ a board nnukwu ogologo na ọkpụrụkpụ. Nhọrọ, ị nwere ike splice dị mbadamba.

Trehskatnaya ụlọ ga-enwe a etiti nke a kpụrụ na-esonụ ọcha:

• mauerlat;
• sill;
• n'ala ibé;
• ogbe;
• riiji ákwà;
• ntụhie;
• Sprengel;
• struts.

Ma mauerlat, ọ bụ ịṅụ mmanya, emi odude ke perimeta nke elu mgbidi. Na ya enyemaka ọ bụ ike redistribute ibu na mgbidi. Lejeune - onye n'etiti osisi, bụ nke dị ke n'ime amị mgbidi. Ma site mbadamba na-na mauerlat kpụrụ joists. Ha na-eku n'etiti n'uko ma ọ bụ ime ulo, nakwa dị ka n'ala. Trehskatnaya ụlọ ga nwere racks nwere n'ụdị ekwesị ewekarị support ibé. Ha na-enyere na-ụlọ etiti. Ezie na riiji doo-etinye na vetikal uprights inyịme nkwado maka ntụhie ya. The ikpeazụ ndị a, ndị - na ọ bụ osisi na-ejikọrọ na a ụfọdụ pitch na-emi odude ke riiji batten.

ọzọ mmiri

Na na ala nke ntụhie ịdabere na mauerlat. Ha na-ekewa n'ime nakosnye na n'akụkụ. Vetikal support - ya Sprengel, ọ na-akwado nakosnye ntụhie ya. Struts - a osisi nke a ga-enịm ke n'akuku nke 45 Celsius ka mmiri. Struts bụ spacers n'etiti joists na ntụhie ma ọ bụ lizhnem. Components ga-ejikọrịrị onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-metal nkuku ma ọ bụ pad, ha na ofu na mbọ, threaded studs na mkpụrụ ma ọ bụ kposara.

calculations

Ọ bụrụ na ị ga-agba ọsọ trehskatnaya n'elu ụlọ nke ụlọ, ọ ga-adị mkpa ka mepụta calculations. N'ihi na nke a ịnyịnya tụrụ, nakwa dị ka ogologo nke mgbidi. Na nke ikpeazụ ahụ, ị ga-eme ka a perimeta n'ihe. Mgbe ị chọrọ na-akọwa ihe dị iche n'etiti ndị a ụkpụrụ. The ọnụ ọgụgụ na tụgharịa si ekewasị abụọ. Nke a ogologo kwesịrị n'akụkụ nke ọ bụla bụ metered yiri na riiji. Na nzọụkwụ ọzọ ga-abụ na-elele na ogologo nke riiji na nkezi ogologo mgbidi, nke bụ ihe yiri ya. Na ngụkọta oge ga-ugboro ugboro n'ihi na mgbidi, nke ga-arụnyere hip, ha na-a akụkụ nke zita ụlọ.

The nha kwesịrị malitere site n'etiti doo ngalaba. Mgbe ahụ n'akụkụ mgbidi kwa ka atụ, nkerisi nke pụrụ ịkpata ọgụgụ site abụọ. Nke a bara uru na-tụrụ si center akara nke mgbidi. Iji belata njehie, na ọ na-atụ aro iji jikoro a okporo ígwè. Site ruleti, ndị ọkachamara nwere ike ikwu na ịgbahapụ, dị ka e nwere a likelihood nke njehie n'oge echichi. Ntụhie usoro a n'elu ụlọ bụ inogide, ka echichi nke roofing achịcha na-atụ aro na ebe dị iche site ike ifufe na ala ọma jijiji.

echichi Akụkụ: nkwadebe nke ihe onwunwe

Trehskatnaya n'elu ụlọ, foto na-dị na isiokwu kwesịrị dajụọ mgbe nkwadebe nke ihe onwunwe. Kemgbe ụwa, ụlọ usoro na crates eji softwood osisi, nke a na-akwadebe site ihicha n'okpuru a wụsịrị. Ya mmapụta mmiri ọdịnaya ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe karịrị 20%. Na ị na-ahọrọ na ihe onwunwe, na-elele maka enweghị metụtara nke ebu na ire ere, dị ka nke ọma dị ka agbawanye ọchịchịrị.

Osisi ga-kpuchie antiseptik, na iji melite ogo nke ọkụ - ọku retardant mejupụtara. Mgbe arụpụtara trehskatnye ụlọ na aka ya, mauerlat emekarị mere si a mmanya na a square cross ngalaba, ya n'akụkụ nwere ike hà ka 100 ma ọ bụ 150 mm. Mgbe ntụhie uko ya joists nwere ike nke 50-mm osisi onye obosara bụ 200 mm ma ọ bụ karịa. Blanks kwesịrị otú kwara warara n'akụkụ ala, nke a ga-ebelata slack.

Ọrụ na nakosnymi ntụhie

Nakosnye ntụhie ga-anata a ibu arọ, ha ga-mere site na a mmanya nke akụkụ anọ cross ngalaba, nke jikoro 100x150 mm. Nakosnye ntụhie nwere ike mere nke a splicing nke abụọ mbadamba ewekarị therebetween trimming, na mgbe usoro a na-butere ikiri ụkwụ.

ọkachamara na-atụ aro

Crate bụ ihe dị mkpa nke ụlọ usoro, e mere ya nke 20 mm osisi, nke a na-etinye na ntụhie na a ụfọdụ nzọụkwụ. A ọcha ga-positioned yiri na riiji doo ya. Ọ bụrụ na ndokwa a rụrụ nke a adụ n'elu ụlọ, na crate kwesịrị na-aga n'ihu, ọ dị mkpa iji plywood. Iji mezuo ụlọ nwere ike etinyere roofing, nke ga-akpọ ọrụ nke akara ngalaba. Mkpa mkpuchi na Alụlụụ mgbochi.

Technology nke ọrụ

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eche echiche banyere otú e si eme trehskatnuyu n'elu ụlọ, mgbe mbụ ị mkpa itinye mauerlat. Osisi ga-enịm na ogologo nke n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na na nkuku. Slide mmewere dị oké mkpa na n'ime n'akụkụ. The brik mgbidi mauerlat ofu arịlịka, ma mbụ ga-tọrọ akpọrepu waterproofing ihe na abụọ n'ígwé. Osisi na-emeso ya na antiseptik, na na n'ime mgbidi nke stacked sleepers, n'etiti osisi na mgbidi a ga-positioned waterproofing mkpuchi.

Trehskatnaya n'elu ụlọ nke annexe bụkwa mma. Ime otú a ka ọ dị mkpa maka ahụ kọwara technology. Iji a ga-etinye on top of mauerlat joists iji mbadamba na akụkụ nke 50x200 mm. The osisi a ga-enịm na njedebe, nke ga-eme ka isi nke flexure. Ibé na-enịm ke otu n'usoro, mbụ e nwere oké, mgbe ahụ, - etiti. The anya n'etiti ha nwere ike ịbụ aka ike, ma a ga-oke n'ime nso site na 50 ruo 120 cm. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eme atụmatụ ikpuchi n'uko, ọ dị mkpa na-ahapụ a anya n'etiti ibé bụ 60 cm. A elu nke n'ala ibé ga-gbanwee osisi pad.

The ụkpụrụ nke na-arụ ọrụ

Trehskatnaya ụlọ ndọtị n'ụlọ kwesịrị inwe uprights. Ha na-enịm n'ala ibé ma ọ bụ sleepers. Wụnye na idozi ha, i nwere ike iji nwa oge props na struts. K ofu ibé akwa efere nke osisi ma ọ bụ metal. Number nke racks kwesịrị dị otú ahụ na spacing n'etiti ha adịghị gafere abụọ mita. The ogbe a ga-enịm na nsọtụ nke ụlọ, nke Nleta a vetikal gable. Emi odude ke n'ihu riiji doo, nke bụ ofu efere ma ọ bụ ebe.

Akụkụ - echiche ntụhie ya, ka elu ngwụcha nke bụ ofu na riiji doo, mgbe na ala - na mauerlat. Ha ga-mere si a template. Dị ka ya, bee nri ego nke ntụhie, nke na-ofu a riiji doo na ntụhie ya.

Side ntụhie mesikwuru nkwado. Ha ọkpụrụkpụ hara ka ọkpụrụkpụ nke ibé na trusses. Nakosnye ntụhie ịdabere na mbadamba ma ọ bụ ibé. Gwara a rụrụ nkuku ma ọ bụ pad. Mgbe truss usoro arụnyere, i nwere ike tufuo nke nwa oge struts na ịrụ crate. N'okpuru decking na metal roofing ọ kwesịrị ehighị nne, ebe Ondulina - siri ike. Nke a na-emetụta niile nsụgharị nke na-esighị ụlọ.

ọgwụgwụ

Trehskatnaya ụlọ mgbe na-ihe ịchọ mma, ọ bụghị naanị residential obibi, kamakwa saunas, gazebos, nakwa dị ka ndị na-ewu ọ bụla ọzọ. Mgbe nghazi na rụrụ hip mkpọda n'ebe na-agbasokarị ifufe ibu, ụlọ enweta ike idi a pụtara oké ifufe, na-eme ya ọzọ inogide.