Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta ngwaọrụ na karịsịa

A agụụ mgbapụta ngwa, ụkpụrụ nke ga-kọwara n'okpuru ebe a, bụ a ngwaike, nke na-eji maka pumping na iwe ma ọ bụ gas na a gaghị agara mgbali larịị. Ikpeazụ na-akpọ ịdị ọcha agụụ.

Development of agụụ technology ga-oru na 1643. Mgbe nsogbu mbụ tụrụ. Na nkera nke abụọ nke XIX narị afọ, ndi mmadu banyere a-adọ nke nkà na ụzụ agụụ na ngwá na ngwá. Nke a na e jikọtara ya na omume nke mercury pistin mgbapụta, mere 1862.

ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta ahụ bụ na pumping na-nyere site na-agbanwe olu nke na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ. Dị otú ahụ Ndahie nfuli na-eji mbido agbapụta n'ahụ, nke a na-akpọ tupu agụụ. Nke a ga-agụnye nfuli:

• rotary;
• mmiri mmiri mgbanaka;
• Pistin.

The kasị ewu ewu na Usoro ke agụụ nfuli bụ rotary ụdị natara. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere elu-agụụ mgbapụta ahụ, ha kwesịrị ịgụnye turbomolecular, na uzuoku-uzuoku ugboelu nfuli. Molekụla mepụtara pumping n'ihi na mbanye nnyefe nke gas ụmụ irighiri si a siri ike, a Alụlụụ ma ọ bụ a mmiri mmiri n'elu ala, na nke ikpeazụ nke nke na-akpali na a elu na-agba.

Ndị a gụnyere ejector, mmiri ugboelu, mgbasa, molekụla ngwaọrụ na otu direction nke ije nke gas ụmụ irighiri na-ebupụta. Ọzọkwa, ndị klas ahụ nwere ike na-agụnye turbomolecular aggregates na nke ije nke siri ike na-ebupụta nke na-agbara gas bụ ibe perpendicular.

Maka ozi ọzọ na atụmatụ nke

Ọ bụrụ na i nwere mmasị na ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta, ọ dị mkpa iji matakwuo na isiokwu a na ihe zuru ezu. Usoro a abụghị nnọọ mfe, otú ọ pụrụ iyi na akpa ilekiri. Ọ ga na-amalite, na analysis nke esịtidem Ọdịdị nke ahụ aggregates ha na agụụ na-egosi na ihe fọrọ nke nta niile ngwaọrụ nke ụdị na-arụ ọrụ na Ndahie ụkpụrụ, nke a pụrụ iji tụnyere ọrụ nke oma Ndahie nfuli. Ha na-eji pumping dị iche iche ire ere ngwaahịa nke mixtures na mmiri.

The kere agụụ, ma ọ bụ kama ya ịdị ukwuu na-adabere na tightness nke ohere na-adị n'ihi na ime nke mgbapụta usoro kwesịrị ekenyela n'etiti ha:

• wheel;
• pụrụ iche efere;
• spools.

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta na-ebelata ka na unit ga-emezu abụọ ọnọdụ, ndị mbụ n'ime ha na-kwupụtara a ẹsụhọde nke mgbali na nchọ ohere, mgbe nke abụọ bụ ịrụ gara aga ọnọdụ a ụfọdụ oge. Ọ dị mkpa na usoro nke ọnọdụ e chebere.

Mgbe gaseous ajụ ga banye ngwá, na nsogbu ga-ebelata ka chọrọ size, ị ga-mkpa iji a na-akwado usoro. Nke a, n'aka nke ya, belata nsogbu nke gaseous ọkara. Ụkpụrụ a na-egosi na o na-enwe adianade nfuli.

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta ga-agụnye iji ihe agụụ mmanụ, nke eliminates gas leakage site gaps nke rubbing akụkụ. Site n'iji mmanụ, ọ bụ omume na-ebikọta kpam igbochi ndị gaps. Nke a mmanụ na-eje ozi dị ka ihe magburu onwe mmanu.

Roots imipu ngwa

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke rotary agụụ mgbapụta e akọwara n'elu, ma ozi na ya ngwaọrụ ị ga-ahụ na nke a na ngalaba. Ndị a nfuli nwere ike categorized displacing rotary agụụ nfuli na-arụ ọrụ mgbe akọrọ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị isi mmiri nke ngwá ga-pụta ìhè:

• engine;
• onye tinyekwa;
• labyrinth akàrà;
• a uzo valvụ ;
• mmanụ larịị egosi;
• a ofu amị;
• free amị;
• a mmiri ulo;
• mwepụ nke mmanụ;
• tinyekwa ọwa.

Na abụọ n'akụkụ na-ebupụta na-ndokwa biarin nke rotor aro. Iji nye esi thermal mgbasa n'etiti pistin na ụlọ na-e dị ka a ofu amị na oru n'ime yiri mgbaaka si dị iche iche n'akụkụ. Biarin esichara mmanụ na-pumped si mudguards. The mbanye aro bụ mmepụta n'èzí na gwara mmanụ yiri mgbaaka igwe okpomọkụ ahụ aro.

The yiri mgbaaka na-mere nke FKM, wee lubricated na akara mmanụ. The yiri mgbaaka, nke na-emi odude na uwe, na-mkpa iji chebe osisi, nke, na mberede, nwere ike dochie anya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa. Ọ bụrụ na n'èzí ga-ehi ehi-uko akara, bụ ngwá ọrụ nwere ike kpaliri site a njikọ na otu iko na nju.

BBH na ụkpụrụ nke ya ọrụ

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta VVN nwekwara dabeere na-eke ihe na gburugburu ebe obibi maka adịrị uzu oku na, haruru. Dị ka ndị nna ha ukwu ọnụ eme otú ahụ na ngwaọrụ gburugburu drum, nke ụlọ a rotor na pupụtara. Mgbe rotor amalite bugharia, mmiri a na-enwe megide ndị drum mgbidi centrifugal ike. N'ihi ya, kpụrụ mgbanaka.

The rotor emi odude efep center, n'ihi na nke a oghere na-kpụrụ n'okpuru, nke a na-ekewa iche iche cell olu. Mgbe a cell na-emi odude na nsọtụ nke uji eze, ọ nwere a obere olu, nke a na-akpọ a mmiri igbe. Otú ọ dị, mgbe adiana ego a na-amụba, na a na ọnọdụ na gas na-aracha ya aracha. The olu na-maximized, na rotor-eme ka onye ọzọ n'apata. Site na nke a, o doro anya na ụkpụrụ nke na-arụ ọrụ na nke a na-adabere centrifugal ike.

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta moto

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta nke a dizel engine nwere ike inwe mmasị ọkwọ ụgbọala. Mgbe e jiri ya tụnyere petrol engines, ebe a trotul na ikike na ike a agụụ maka ojiji na dị iche iche ebumnobi, na a dizel engine nweghị trotul dị ka o kwere na a kọwara n'elu. Ya mere, na dizel engines mgbapụta a na-eji ike a agụụ. Ọ na-gbakwunyere na eccentrically n'ịnyịnya rotor agụba metụ plastic, nke kewara uji eze abụọ.

ọzọ nuances

Mgbe e adiana nke rotor na-akpụ akpụ na ọ na agụba, a òkè nke uji eze na-abawanye na olu, ka ndị ọzọ - na-ebelata. The ikuku oriri nke ndị agụụ usoro na-ewe ebe na otu akụkụ nke mmiri, na mgbe ikuku na a chụrụ site ọwa.

Ọ na-eji obi jụrụ Ọdịdị ọnụ. Oil na-ọnọ site a ọwa gbatịrị tinyere a cylinder isi, na mgbe ahụ na-ọnọ na mgbapụta. Ọ bụghị nanị na mmanụ lubrication kamakwa maka oru pupụtara na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ. Na-chụpụrụ site crankshaft na camshaft, na nke ikpeazụ ikpe, mgbapụta na-achọkwa na a mmanụ ụgbọala oriri mgbapụta usoro.

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke mmiri mgbapụta

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke agụụ mgbapụta bụ a mmiri Ndahie usoro. Na-arụ ọrụ, mmiri pumping a rụrụ site na-agbanwe kwa nke na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ. Ndahie jikọtara a agụụ larịị nke tightness nke na-arụ ọrụ ohere, nke a na-agbazi ka belata ma ọ bụ ịmụba nrụgide nọ n'otu ebe na na chọrọ uru.

Mmiri mgbapụta agụụ, ụkpụrụ nke pụrụ ịdọrọ mmasị n'ji bụ n'ozuzu cylindrical. Ma ọ bụ odude n'ime impeller aro na a wheel na nwere pụrụ iche pupụtara. The impeller-eme dị ka a isi mmewere. The wheel-agbagharị na a ụlọ nke jupụtara haịdrọlik ọmụmụ. Dị ka a n'ihi nke rotational ije nke agụba kpọọ mmiri nke mmiri n'elu mgbidi. E centrifugal amanye akpali iche ọdịdị nke mmiri mmiri mgbanaka. Inside ohere na-guzobere, nke a na-akpọ vacuo.

Atụmatụ nke agụụ mgbapụta

Agụụ mmiri nfuli nwere ụfọdụ atụmatụ na kwesịrị ekenyela n'etiti ha:

• obere mkpọtụ na vibration;
• elu arụmọrụ;
• elu bughi ike;
• na-eri nri ọnụego na a ọma mmiri ọgwụ;
• nnukwu mmalite mgbali;
• gburugburu ebe obibi enyi.

Ọzọkwa atụmatụ nwere ike mata gwara mmanụ akara. Unit oke ịnagide pumping nke gas na gbazee, nakwa dị ka ike na-ewepụ mmiri mmiri, na-eme ya n'otu oge. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị dị otú ahụ akụrụngwa nwere wuru na-unyi separator.

The na-arụ ọrụ ụkpụrụ nke rotary mgbapụta efere

Rotary vane agụụ nfuli, ụkpụrụ nke nke idu ke Ndahie mmetụta, na-anọchi anya na ngwá mmanụ akara. The usoro na-emi esịnede:

• ụlọ;
• pupụtara;
• eccentrically n'ịnyịnya rotor;
• ọsọ ọsọ na-mmepụta.

Oil akara arụnyere na iyuzucha valvụ, nke e mere na oyiyi nke agụụ enyemaka valvụ. Na usoro, ọ bụ na ndị na-emeghe ọnọdụ. The na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ na-emi odude n'ime casing, na rotor pupụtara kee-ulo abụọ compartments, dị iche iche olu. Ozugbo ngwaọrụ, hụkwa na, gas ga na-abata na ịgbasa ulo, ruo mgbe ọ na-overlaps abụọ agụba.

Olee ihe ọzọ m kwesịrị ịma banyere ọrụ nke rotary mgbapụta

The gas abịakọrọ n'ime ruo mgbe iyuzucha valvụ na meghere nrụgide. Ọ bụrụ na-eji ụgbọ dị arọ gas mgbe emepe elu orifice site na nke gas atara n'ime mmiri ulo positioned na n'ihu n'akụkụ. Ndị dị otú ahụ akụrụngwa bụ ihe nke abụọ aha - agụụ mmanụ mgbapụta, ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke a na ngwaọrụ a kọwara n'elu. Dị ka na-arụ ọrụ ọmụmụ omume dị ka mmanụ, nke rụrụ ọtụtụ ọrụ. Ọ lubricates na-akpụ akpụ akụkụ na ihe jupụtara n'ime ohere n'okpuru igbapu valvụ. Jupụtara na mmanụ na warara oghere n'etiti mmepụta na ọsọ ọsọ. Arụ ọrụ ọmụmụ akàrà na nwechapụ n'etiti arụ ọrụ ụlọ na na vanes, na-enye otu ezigbo okpomọkụ site na okpomọkụ mgbanwe ịha.

ọgwụgwụ

Agụụ nfuli nwere ike nkewa nakwa na anụ ahụ ụkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ na gazosvyazyvayuschie gazoperenosnye. Adịbeghị anya ụgbọ ahụ ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ olu. Ụfọdụ iche agụụ nfuli maka buru amụma molekụla umi-agafere, ebe ndị ọzọ - laminar. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere n'ibu nfuli, ha nwere ike kere n'ime molekụla na nnukwu.