Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri: ihe mere eme, foto, reviews

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ochie na Russia, mbụ State Ụlọ ihe nkiri Alexandrinsky mgbe niile nke otu mmasị ka ọha na eze na nso uche nke akatọ. Iji ya a pụrụ iche akaụntụ: ọ ga-ederịta akwụkwọ ozi ndị dị elu n'usoro nke Imperial Ụlọ ihe nkiri, na ika ya nsọpụrụ guzo n'ihi na ihe karịrị 250 afọ.

ọgbọ

ada Peter Ukwu ọbubu-eze nke Elizabeth akara a anya nke omenala ndụ na Russia. Karịsịa, mgbe ọ na-egosi na eto ngwa ngwa nke egwuregwu na ụlọ ọrụ, kere a otutu onwe eme ihe nkiri, na-aga na tour troupe nke ndị mba ọzọ eme ihe nkiri, playwrights dere mbụ ejije na Russian. Otu ọkọkpọhi mkpa na ihe e kere eke nke State Ụlọ ihe nkiri na ihe nlereanya nke ndị ọzọ European n'isi obodo. Na August 30, 1756 Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Elizabeth Petrovna nyere iwu guzosie ike mbụ alaeze ukwu ihe nkiri na Russia. Ya mere ga-eme n'ọdịnihu Alexandrinka okụt ya ukara ọnọdụ.

First Russian nkiri a na-akpọ, na-eji ya anọchite anya ntochi na ọdachi. Ndabere nke troupe si Yaroslavl: Fyodor Volkov, onye ghọrọ director nke troupe na-eme ihe nkiri Demetrius, Volkov na Popov. -Ede egwuregwu na ihe nkiri director aghọ Aleksandr Petrovich Sumarokov, onye na-ewere na nna nna nke Russian ejije. Ndabere nke olu mejupụtara French ejije nke Racine, Beaumarchais, Voltaire, Molière, nakwa dị ka ọrụ site Russian dere: Fonvizin, Sumarokov, Lukin Knyazhnin. Isi mesiri ike na-etinye na staging comedies.

mwube nke ụlọ

Ụlọ ihe nkiri ụtọ ịrịba ewu ewu na St. Petersburg, ma ụlọ ya o nwere, ọ na-agagharị dị iche iche na saịtị, ọ dị oké mkpa ka a pụrụ iche ụlọ. Ma nanị mgbe 76 afọ mgbe a tọrọ ntọala ụwa pụtara Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri, na adreesị nke a maara ugbu a ọ bụla nkiri-goers. Na ebe mbụ ọ bụ a osisi ụlọ nke jere ozi Italian troupe Kazassi. Ma mgbe e mesịrị ihe nkiri osụhọ, ụlọ e zụtara na àkù, na mgbe ahụ merụsịrị mebiri emebi site ọkụ 1811, na nsogbu ya dọpụ uche agha ya na Napoleon.

Ma, n'agbanyeghị na enweghị ego, na 1810 Carl Rossi emepụta a oru ngo nke ebe nhazigharị. Ọ bụ nanị na 30s, n'okpuru Nicholas m, kpọrọ-ewelite ajụjụ ndị na-ewu nke nkiri. Carl Rossi na-aghọ isi nke usoro ihe, o weere otu ya nke architects na Galberga Tkachev. The ewu e nyekwara a otutu ego, na-arụ ọrụ amalitela obụpde: n'ihi na isi nke ụlọ e hammered n'ala 5000 ikpo, ma decorations na-ekpebi na-azọpụta. Kama nke ahụ, ọla kọpa na ọla eji eserese na osisi a tụrụ atụ.

Ọdịdị e wuru na dị nnọọ 4 afọ, na August 31, 1832 Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri, onye adreesị - Ostrovsky Square, 6, hụrụ a ụlọ wuru kasị ukwuu-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke oge anyị. Carl Rossi mere bụghị nanị na ndị na-ewu, n'okpuru idu ndú ya, hiwere na ndụ nke oru ngo ebe na n'ime ime mma nke ụlọ. Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri, nke taa nwere a foto na ihe album ọ bụla njem nleta onye letara St. Petersburg, bụ a ncheta nke oké-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ.

Architecture na ime imewe

Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri ghọrọ akụkụ nke a nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi n'obodo ukwu mmepe oru ngo na Russia. The n'ihu facade chere ihu Neva prospectus, e mere ka a miri emi balconies nke 10 na ogidi, bụ nke dị na n'uko ama quadriga Apollo. Dị ka frieze na agbakọta ụlọ, emi odude laurel garlands na egwuregwu masks. The n'akụkụ facades na-mma owuwu ụzọ mbata nke 8 ogidi. The ụlọ ke Alaeze Ukwu style bụ ezigbo ọla nke St. Petersburg. Side n'okporo ámá na-eduga na-eme ihe nkiri now na-agba aha Rossi, e mere site-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke aka ike ochie iwu. Obosara ya hà elu nke ụlọ na ụba ogologo kpọmkwem ugboro 10. Street e mere n'ụzọ dị otú ahụ dị ka mesie pomp na ịdị ebube nke ụkpụrụ ụlọ Ọdịdị nke ihe oyiyi ahụ.

The ime nke eze ukwu nwere ike na-na-ahụ na-acha uhie uhie na agba, ma na-akpa ákwà bụ zuru ezu quantities, na ya iji ga-ukwuu oge oghere. The-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ ike ka o doo ndị onye na-achị - dị ka ihe nkiri natara ya ugbu a ma ama-acha anụnụ anụnụ upholstery. The ulo ike ịba banyere 1770 ndị mmadụ, nwere 107 igbe, ụlọ, gallery na mbara ihu, na-ghar imewe na-enye ya ihe dị ịtụnanya acoustics.

Imperial oge

Na nsọpụrụ nke nwunye Nicholas m, ihe nkiri na aha ya bụ na Alexandrinsky. Ọ na-aghọ n'etiti ogbo ndụ nke Russia. Ebe a sitere Russian nkiri na omenala, nke e mechara kwa ebube nke mba. Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri mgbe ọ chọpụtara na-akwado ndị na-emebu olu iwu: ọ haziri ukwuu n'ime ntochi na musical ejije. Ma mgbe e mesịrị nnọọ olu-aghọ ndị ọzọ dị oké njọ, ebe a na-premieres Griboyedov ntochi "Ahụhụ ga-adịrị si ama", "soja" N. V. Gogolya, "égbè eluigwe" Ostrovsky. Na-eme ihe nkiri na-arụ ọrụ na oge a nke kasị ukwuu eme ihe nkiri: Davydov, Savina, Komissarzhevskaya, Svobodin, Strepetova na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.

Erule ọgwụgwụ narị afọ nke 19 Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri na-aga n'ihi na ike ụlọ ọrụ na ya arụmọrụ on a par na nke kacha mma ejije ekiri fim na Europe.

Early narị afọ nke 20 ka ndị ji nsogbu, nke ike izere Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Na 1908, ọ we duru ìgwè ọkọkpọhi V. Meyerhold, nke na-achọ ike ọhụrụ olu, ma n'otu oge nlezianya na-echebe ẹdude omenala. Ọ jụrụ pụrụ iche arụmọrụ: "Don Giovanni", "masquerade", "Oké Ifufe", nke na-masterpieces nke a ọhụrụ ejije akwụkwọ.

ndị Soviet oge

Mgbe October mgbanwe ke 1917, ihe nkiri ebubo nke otuto nke ndị eze ukwu ike, oge siri ike. Na 1920 ọ e renamed Petrograd Ọmụmụ Drama Ụlọ ihe nkiri, na ọ ga-amalite ifịk ifịk na-etinye a ọhụrụ ejije, "The Lower ogbu" na "Filistia" Gorky egwu Merezhkovsky, Oscar Wilde, George Bernard Shaw, Alekseya Tolstogo na ọbụna Lunacharsky (Commissar of Education).

Na ụlọ ọrụ, site ná mgbalị nke ndị isi director Yuriya Yureva, ẹnịm galaxy ochie nna ukwu, sonyeere-eme ihe nkiri nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ: Yakov Malyutin, Leonid Vivien, Elena Karjakin. N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, nkiri e kpọpụrụ na Novosibirsk, ebe-eme ihe nkiri wee na-egwu na-egosi. Na 1944, ụlọ ọrụ laghachi Leningrad.

The post-agha na ndị sochirinụ e dịghị mfe omenala n'ozuzu na maka Alexandrinka gụnyere. Ma e ka na-egosi a maara nke ọma arụmọrụ dị ka "Life na agba" dabeere na Dovzhenko, "mmeri" nke BN Chirskovu.

Na Soviet oge ọrụ pụtara ìhè-eme ihe nkiri: V. Merkur'ev, A. Freundlich, V. Smirnov, N. Marton, N. Cherkasov, VI Gorbachev na amamiihe nduzi: L. Vivian G. Kozintsev, N. Akimov, G. Tovstonogov. The nkiri na-adịghị efu ya mkpa, n'agbanyeghị ideological isi ike.

Back to isi

Na 1990 ọ laghachiri akpasarade aha, na ụwa na-egosi ọzọ Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri. perestroika afọ nyere ya adịghị mfe, ma-eme ihe nkiri bụ omume ọ bụghị naanị na-adị ndụ, kamakwa, na-troupe na a pụrụ iche collection of decorations na props. N'ihi mgbalị nke academician D. S. Lihacheva, a ghọtara mba akụ na-aghọ Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri. St. Petersburg bụ omume ka ewere enweghị a omenala alụmdi. Ọ bụ ihe nnọchianya nke Russian nkiri, dị ka ndị ukwu na ndị Mariinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri.

taa

Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri, nke reviews na-fọrọ nke nta mgbe e dere nnọọ okwu, na-agbalị na-ika taa. Ebe ọ bụ na 2003, na-anọchi na isi nke director Valery Fokin. Ya na mgbalị na Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri Festival ẹkenịmde otu aha. N'okpuru nduzi nke Fokine ẹkenịmde a magburu nwughari nke nkiri. Ọ hụrụ na-eme ihe nkiri bụ nke abụọ ahụ, nke na-etinye ibuo arụmọrụ. Ọ mîdaha nke kacha mma-eme ihe nkiri na nduzi. Ụlọ ihe nkiri ahụ, ya ozi na-echebekwa ndị omenala nke Russian egwuregwu ụlọ akwụkwọ, na nkwado nke ọhụrụ na ọnọdụ na-enyere talent.

Famous nkiri nwetara

The olu Alexandrinka mgbe niile kasị mma nke play, na-etinye ebe a niile ochie: Chekhov, Gorky, Ostrovsky, Griboyedov. Taa, arụmọrụ nke Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri ndị kasị mma ọrụ nke playwrights: "Nora" Ibsen, "The Living Ozu" site L. Tolstoy, "Alụmdi na Nwunye" Gogol, "The ugboro abụọ" by Fyodor Dostoevsky. Onye ọ bụla na nkwupụta bụ ihe omume nke zuru ụwa ọnụ uru. Fokin bụ nnọọ obiọma na olu iwu, ọ na-ekwu na e nwere ike ọ bụla na mberede nwetara. Mission Ụlọ ihe nkiri - na-agbasa echiche ochie, nke ikpeazụ nwere a na-eduga itie ke German Alexandrinka.

The troupe nke Alexandrinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri

Alexandrinsky Theatre (St. Petersburg) a maara n'ụwa nile. Taa ke ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ dị otú ahụ lagoro ezumike nka nke idaha, dị ka N. Urgant, N. Marton, V. Smirnov, E. Ziganshin, nakwa dị ka nkà na-eto eto: S. Balakshin, E. Belov, Alexander Bolshakov, Alexander Frolov.