Arctic-echebe: e ji mara na okike. Arctic idụhe mpaghara

The Arctic bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị oyi na-adịghị ndụ ebe nke Earth. Ọ na-agụnye akụkụ nke Eurasia. The ala ọnọdụ nke Arctic mpaghara dị nanị ndị North osisi na Arctic Ocean. Ọ nwere nkịtị ala na American Afrika. Ọtụtụ mgbe ka n'úkwù mmiri agụnye edere ebe nke Pacific na Atlantic oké osimiri. Total Arctic esetịpụ ihe karịrị 27 nde square kilomita

Ihu Igwe mpaghara

Meteorological egosi nke region na-kpatara oyi ugwu ikuku pụta. Arctic idụhe mpaghara adịkwaghị gafee Arctic Ocean, nakwa dị ka ná mpụga Siberia. Kentuoyi weather nile n'afọ a na-ebe ndị a na Earth. Permafrost adịghị ekpo ọkụ ìhè anyanwụ dị ka ha na-ada n'ala na a tangent.

Anyị nwere ike ikwu na oké oyi na-atụ nke Arctic-eme mgbe niile. Ọbụna n'oge okpomọkụ anyanwụ radieshon gaghị enwe ike banye n'ime oké n'ígwé nke ice. A obere ego nke okpomọkụ n'elu ka na-enweta, ma ọ na-aga agbaze nke snow cover. Arctic idụhe mpaghara na-mgbe na-ji mwepu okpomọkụ omume. Ọdịda na mpaghara ebe a bụ oké ụkọ. Ihe kpatara bụ kacha nta kasịnụ nke mmiri vepo si ebi ala okpomọkụ. The nkezi mmiri ozuzo na-erughị 200 mm kwa afọ.

Nso ka European akụkụ nke Afrika na-adịkwaghị subarctic mpaghara. Isi ebe nke ya nkesa na-ewere dị ka Eastern Siberia. Ebe a na idụhe bụ obere aka ike, adabara ndụ. The okpomọkụ na-ebili ka +12 degrees. Kwa Afọ ọdịda ugboro abụọ - na 450 mm.

Arctic-echebe: e ji mara

N'ụzọ bụ isi a na ihu igwe mpaghara kọwaa kacha nta okpomọkụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe na-egosi iru -70 degrees. The kasị-apụghị ibi ebi atụle Yamal na Taimyr. Ebe a, nkezi okpomọkụ na oyi bụ banyere -55 degrees. A obere ọkụ na Svalbard ebe na Wrangel Island.

N'ebe ugwu osisi ọgụgụ mbio n'etiti -43 degrees. N'oge okpomọkụ okpomọkụ nwere ike ebili ka -10 ⁰ C. ebe ọzọ-eguzosi ike n'ihe ihu igwe hụrụ agwaetiti Golomyanny, Wiese, Hayes na Hooker. E temometa adahade ke ndaeyo oge 0. Mgbe Cape Cheliuskin nkezi udu ịdị iche iche n'ime -14 ⁰ C. Arctic-echebe Mmadụ tọọ ruo mma okpomọkụ na n'ebe ndịda na mpaghara na njedebe nke oge okpomọkụ. Na August, udu nwere ike iru 10 degrees. Otú ọ dị, nke a okpomọkụ bụ ọ dịghị ihe karịrị izu abụọ.

The Arctic mpaghara kpuchie oké ice pụta. N'ógbè ha nke ihe karịrị 2 nde square kilomita N'ihi na àjà ihe ọṅụṅụ obere okpomọkụ na-agbaze banyere 8% nke oké osimiri ice. Otú ọ dị, na mmalite nke ihu igwe oyi freezes mmiri ala ọzọ.

atụmatụ ice

The edere edere mpaghara nke Arctic mmiri ifriizi n'ihi ole na ole mita ke omimi. Annuals ji ice ọkpụrụkpụ nke 1.5 m. Na mmalite nke okpomọkụ na ha fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam-agbaze. Nso October na mmiri n'elu ọzọ amalite na-etolite ice.

Ogologo oge ibu bụ ihe thicker - aka 4 mita. N'oge ije nke ice hummocks kpụrụ. Ha ọkpụrụkpụ bụ mgbe esịmde 15 mita. Dị ka a N'ihi nke na-ekpo ọkụ Gulf Stream ice pụta ịkwụsị, akpụ icebergs. Ha omimi (n'okpuru mmiri) nwere ike ịdị iche ruo a narị mita. Arctic ice na-arụ a dị oké egwu ọrụ zuru ụwa ọnụ na ihu igwe usoro. Ha na-egosipụta anyanwụ, na-egbochi ala ọkụ ruo oké egwu highs. ha nwere a bụrụkwa mkpa ná mgbasa nke ebili mmiri.

Arctic desert

Tumadi emi odude ke North osisi. Ji ehighị nne ahịhịa na kacha nta okpomọkụ. Fọrọ nke nta ofụri elu na-kpuchie na ice na snow. Iji ebe a na-agụnye edere ebe nke Canadian Archipelago na Greenland.

Arctic-echebe ka mgbe e ji maka zhizniklimaticheskimi ekwesighi ọnọdụ. Otú ọ dị, ice desert - nke a bụ ihe ndị kasị oké òkè nke North osisi. E nwere obere ịchọta ọbụna lichens na mosses. Na ndịda desert ebe e nwere obere oases nke buttercups na polar poppy.

The idụhe bụ anaghị eme ka mmepe nke fauna na osisi. kasị nke afọ okpomọkụ na-nọ na-etoju n'okpuru efu. The kasị elu omume bụ na mbubreyo okpomọkụ - 2 - - 4 ⁰ C. mmiri ozuzo a - a obere onu.

Nature nke Arctic mpaghara

The osisi a na-tumadi na-anọchite anya Dwarf osisi na mosses. Na ndịda ebe nwere ike izute ogologo ahịhịa, na ọbụna ọka. Na Diversity nke ajụjụ osisi. Nke okooko osisi na-akwanyere ya ùgwù naanị pola poppy, sedge na saxifrage.

The Arctic mpaghara bụghị ọgaranya, anụ ọhịa. The kasị bi, onu ire nke nri yinye, pola bea na-ahụta. i nwere ike izute mgbada na ndịda nke Arctic muskox, bighorn atụrụ, lemmings na Arctic hares. The kasị dị ize ndụ anụ na-anụ ọhịa wolf na nkịta ọhịa. Kacha nkịtị ụdị mammals na Arctic na-atụle òké.

Birds abata naanị ke ndaeyo. Ha akwu ukwuu n'ime na ndị tundra.

Na mmiri nke Arctic ndụ walruses, akàrà, narwhals, na baleen whales.