Autonomous Republic - ọ bụ ... The ikike na ọnọdụ nke ihe kwurula Republic. Olee otú ọtụtụ ndị Russian kwurula mba na distrikti?

Gịnị ka ọ pụtara kwurula Republic? Ozugbo ị na-agụ isiokwu a, mgbe ahụ, na-ama jụrụ ajụjụ a. Ya mere, anyị ga-aghọta na-amalite na a definition. Autonomous Republic - a ụdị nke ala obodo kwụụrụ ná mba ụfọdụ, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nzukọ nke ndị bi bi na ókèala nke ọ bụla obodo kwụụrụ. Nke a echiche a mụrụ na USSR, ebe iwu ọnọdụ nke ndị AR e kpebisiri ike site kpọmkwem ndokwa nke kwurula Republic, na mgbe na-ewere "Stalin oruru" (oruru nke USSR na 1936) na niile e ofu na niile bụ isi ụkpụrụ nke mba. N'oge gara aga, na USSR, e nwere ndị iri na isi kwurula mba. N'oge anyị a, ọnọdụ nke AP, a so na Russian Federation, nwere Autonomous Republic of Crimea (akp).

Autonomous Republic

Autonomous Republic e ji ala-iwu atụmatụ.

1. The n'ókèala na nri nke territorial iwu (SSR na-enweghị nkwenye nke ókèala-apụghị gbanwere).
2. Ụmụ amaala (ọ bụla nwa amaala bụ a nwa amaala nke RSFSR na USSR).
3. Oruru (ke oruru nke RSFSR bụ ina na n'usoro ochichi e weere ASSR na atụmatụ nke Autonomous Republic).
4. Top ọchịchị: gọọmenti, ndị kasị elu ikpe ikike nke ikpe.
5. National ghọọ mba kwụụrụ:

• ọha na eze ndị ọchịchị na-mejupụtara ndị obodo, ie, ndị maara asụsụ na omenala nke ebe;
• Ọrụ a rụrụ ma na asụsụ na asụsụ ndị nke Republic;
• nke mba akara: emblem, ọkọlọtọ, ukwe na isi obodo (na USSR ukwe bụ otu).

6. Akwụkwọ ikike:

• akpan akpan iji nke guzobere;
• onodi ke kasị ala ọchịchị;
• pụrụ iche akwụkwọ ikike null nkití omume nke ebipụta ọchịchị.

E nwere

Tupu mgbe ahụ, na Soviet ugboro, ókèala ndị RSFSR bụ 16 kwurula Soviet Socialist Republics: Bashkir, Yakut, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Republic, Kalmyk, Karelian, Chuvash, Mari, North Osisha, Tuva, Chechen-Ingush, Tatar, Komi ASSR Buryatia, Udmurtia, Mordovia. All ndị a Russian kwurula Republic.

Tụlee ole na ole nke n'elu kwurula mba nke oge, na ya na ha na-ewetara ndị Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic bụ akụkụ nke RSFSR. E hiwere ya mgbe bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwado nke nkwekọrịta n'etiti Soviet ọchịchị na Bashkir Government na March 1919. Ọ ghọrọ onye mbụ Autonomous Republic, emi odude ke RSFSR. Nke a bụ nanị kwurula Republic, bụ nke e guzobere na ndabere nke contractual mmekọrịta. Na 1990, 11 October, a nkwupụta e banyere na State Ọbụbụeze (- Bashkortostan now) otu Bashkir SSR.

Karelian ASSR

Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic nakweere oruru nke USSR na December 1936, a kpọkwara ya nke Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Na June 1937 na ọ nakweere oruru nke Kalmyk ASSR, na e dere nke emblem na ọkọlọtọ na-mere na 3 asụsụ: Russian, Finnish na Karelian. Kandalaksha ebe e zigara na Murmansk region na 1938, na May. Ọ hazigharịrị na Republic of Karelia na May 1991.

Mari ASSR

Mari ASSR (Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic) e guzobere 1936, 5 December. December 22, 1991 converted n'ime Mari Soviet Socialist Republic (MSSR).

Chuvash ASSR

Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic), n'oge gara aga na Chuvash Autonomous Region. Mgbe e mesịrị, na oge, na-kpọmkwem, na April 1925, ọ nwetara ọnọdụ nke ihe kwurula Republic. Mgbe ogologo oge gasịrị, na February 1992, ọ e renamed si Chuvash SSR na Chuvash Republic.

Yakut ASSR

Yakutia (Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic) kere site na 1922 ruo 1991. N'oge Akwa Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, na ihe karịrị 49.000 ụmụ amaala nke Autonomous Republic agha na n'ihu, na ụfọdụ n'ime ha nọ na ọdịda nke aha nke ukwuu - aha nke dike nke Soviet Union. Taa Yakutia agbanwebeghị ma n'otu oge a obere bit, ebe ahụ nile ghọọ ndị Republic of Sakha. Ọ na nsogbu n'ime Russian Federation na bụ akụkụ nke Far Eastern Federal District.

Crimea Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

Dị ka ndị ọzọ kwurula Republic na Russia, na Crimea, kwa, nwere ya akụkọ ihe mere eme na àgwà. Crimea Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic bụ na mbụ akụkụ nke RSFSR. ya muta ada itie ke 1921, na October 18 na 25 June 1946 na obodo kwụụrụ kagburu na renamed Crimea n'oge Crimea mpaghara.

• 1948 - Sevastopol enweta ọnọdụ nke Republican subordination nke RSFSR.
• Na 1954, na April 26, Crimea mpaghara a sụgharịa Ukraine SSR.
• 1991 - eweghachi Crimea Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic na-arụpụta nke referendum.
• Na 1992, 26 February, ọ na-renamed Republic of Crimea.
• 1992 (May 5) - Crimea Supreme Council adopts omume nke Ọkaakaa ala nke Republic of Crimea.
• 1992 (May 6) - nakweere oruru nke Republic of Crimea.
• 1993 (14 June) - ẹkenam post of President of aak.
• February 4, 1994 hoputara onyeisi oche mbụ, ọ bụ Yuriy Aleksandrovich Meshkov.

Ukraine vs

Arc oruru-agbanwe agbanwe na oruru nke Ukraine, ya were na 1998, na 21 October. N'oge Crimea nsogbu (February - March 2014) kwusara onwe nke Crimea. Ịgbaso referendum, ókèala ndị Crimea na Sevastopol ghọrọ akụkụ nke oké Russian Federation.

Taa Ukraine na-adịghị aghọta na Crimea ghọrọ akụkụ nke Russian Federation na weere na ókèala ndị Autonomous Republic of Crimea na Sevastopol dị ka nwere. O sina dị, ọtụtụ ndị Crimea peninshula a na-ewere na ha abụghị Ukrainians, ya bụ ndị Russia. Ọbụna tupu ọmụmụ gosiri na Ukraine asụsụ bụ nwa afọ naanị na a obere nkezi nke ndị mmadụ (10% ndị ikom), 77% kọrọ na naanị ala ha Russian asụsụ ọma, na ndi fọduru họọrọ Crimea Tatar (13% ndị ikom). Ma n'agbanyeghị na ụfọdụ bi na dị iche iche asụsụ, 97% nke ndị bi na nke Crimea na-eji nkwurịta okwu bụ a Russian-asụsụ okwu.

Autonomous mba na district mgbe ida nke USSR

Na Itie nke oge na-agbanwe ihe niile, tinyere ala, ndị Soviet Union bụ sokwa. Mgbe ida nke USSR kwurula Republic - ọ bụ nnọọ akụkọ, ha kwụsịrị ịdị adị dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ (na wezụga - Arc) ọhụrụ ala. N'oge, e nwere kwurula mba na Azerbaijan (Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic) na Georgia (Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia na Autonomous Republic of Adjara). Olee otú ọtụtụ ndị kwurula mba na Russia? Ọ dịghị ma ọlị, ha na Soviet Union, ma kwurula distrikti - anọ: Khanty-Mansi, Chukchi, Yamal-Nenets na Nenets.

Autonomous Districts (SA)

Ọ bụ ezie na kwurula Republic - ọ bụ dị nnọọ a akụkọ, Otú ọ dị, ọ na-adịghị echefu echefu. Na ebe nke mba bịara kwurula na mpaghara. Autonomous District bụ otu n'ime isii di iche iche nke na-achị nke Russian Federation, kpụrụ mba territorial ndabere. Nke a ọnọdụ na-ekpebisi ike site oruru nke Russian Federation na ndị ọzọ na ụkpụrụ, nke e kuchiri site omebe iwu na onyeisi ozu.

Autonomous Okrug - hà isiokwu nke Russian Federation na e ji dị otú ahụ na atụmatụ dị ka:

• nke iwu (ụkpụrụ ndị ọzọ NPA);
• onwe ebe (ọ apụghị gbanwere na-enweghị nkwenye nke isiokwu) na ndị bi;
• onwe ya na ihe na-ọrụ nke na-achị nke Russian Federation (naanị n'ime ikike AO);
• ohere isonye na mba na mba ọzọ na aku na uba na mmekọahụ, na-asị nwere a ikike ịbanye nkwekọrịta (gụnyere ahia), ma na gọọmenti etiti na mba ozo.

Ọ bụrụ na ndị JSC ike imezi ihe ọ bụla mmekọrịta n'ọnụ ma ọ bụ ebe na nke ọ na-gụnyere, mgbe ahụ, ọ nwere ikike imechi nkwekọrịta na ndabere nke nke ihe ahụ merenụ na-egbo.

Nenets

Nenets - bụ ihe ọzọ na isiokwu nke Russian Federation, a akụkụ nke Arkhangelsk mpaghara (na-adabere na nke Charter nke Arkhangelsk region). Ọ na-ezo aka Northwestern Federal District. Ihe kasị ebikebeghị isiokwu nke Russian Federation. Nlekọta isi obodo - Naryan-Mar, a obodo na a bi na nke 22.912 ndị mmadụ. Nke a district e guzobere 1929. Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ya ókè-ala-ya na Arkhangelsk region, na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'akụkụ aka Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District.

Yugra

The isiokwu nke Russian Federation bụ Yugra (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area). Na ndabere nke Charter nke Tyumen region, Ugra - na ọ bụ akụkụ nke kasị nke Tyumen mpaghara, na Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area - hà isiokwu nke Russia. Ọ na-ezo aka Urals Federal District, na e hiwere na 1930. Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District - ọ bụ aku na uba onwe-zuru ezu region-enye onyinye.

Khanty-Mansiysk bụ ndutịm center nke district.

Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

Ọ na-emi odude nso Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Kamchatka Krai na Magadan region n'ókè site, na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - na United States. The dum ókèala ndị district - a district nke Far North. The ndutịm isi obodo nke Chukotka Autonomous Okrug - Anadyr.

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Ọ bụ akụkụ nke Tyumen mpaghara (ya dị ụkpụrụ), ma n'otu oge - hà isiokwu nke Russian Federation. Kpụrụ asị na 1930. Ya ndutịm center - n'obodo Salekhard. Nenets AO ókè-ala-Nenets, Ugra (hunts-Mansiysk) Krasnoyarsk ihu Komi Republic. Nti eziokwu: na 2011 na JSC e mepụtara 7.1% niile mmanụ na mba.

ọgwụgwụ

Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti kwurula mpaghara (Republic) nke kwurula region dabeere n'eziokwu na ebe ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere ya n'usoro ochichi, ma o nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ nke ihe ndị mejupụtara nke isiokwu ndị ọzọ, nakwa dị ka na-agụnye ha na onwe ha. Isiokwu a na-na-agwụ ebe a, na anyị chọrọ ikwere na, mgbe na-agụ ya, ị ga-amụta azịza ajụjụ ha ma na-aghọta na ndị kwurula mpaghara na kwurula Republic - ọ bụghị otu ihe ahụ.