Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich Russian dere, isi nke "Dike njuaka": biography, creativity

The kasị ibu Russian dere Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, onye ọrụ ka na-agaghị efu ya mkpa, mara bụghị naanị n'ihi na ya pụtara ìhè kere, kamakwa dị ka ndị nchoputa na inspirer dum N'ezie na Russian music.

Nwata na Family

Omumu nke dere January 2, 1837 na Nizhny Novgorod. Nna-ya, Balakirev Aleksey Konstantinovich bụ titular kansulo magburu si malite, nne aku ụmụ. Family ẹkenịmde omenala Kraịst kweere, na nwa okoro na-eto nnọọ okpukpe, ọbụna njakịrị n'ụlọ ya, na-akpọ "n'ọdịnihu bishop." Faith n'oge ndụ ha ịnọgide na-isiokwu dị mkpa maka Balakirev. Site na nwata nwa gosiri nkà egwú, na mama m chọpụtara ya.

The mbụ musical ahụmahụ

Ugbua 6-7 afọ Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich n'okpuru nduzi nke nne na-amalite ịmụta na-akpọ piano, na-egosi ịrịba ọganihu. Iji nye nwa-ya nke kacha mma usọ, mama-ewe ya na Moscow. N'ebe ahụ, ọ na-enwe a dị mkpirikpi N'ezie nke piano Usoro na ama dere na onye nkụzi Aleksandra Dyubyuka. Mgbe ahụ n'ụlọ ha, ọ na-aga n'ihu ịzụlite a ngwá ọrụ n'okpuru nduzi nke a local pianist na-eduzi K. Eyzeriha. Na musician ẹkenam Balakirev na Alexander Dmitrievich Ulybysheva, nchebe nke nkà, ihe na-amu amu musician, nkụzi, onye na-egwuri a nnọọ ọrụ dị mkpa ná ndụ nke onye dere. Ulo-ya bụ banyere a amamiihe otu nke obodo-eche echiche bụ, ndị so dee, egwú, concerts e nwere iji kwurịta nsogbu nke art. Ebe a na ọ nọ na-tọrọ ntọala nke aesthetic udidi nke Balakirev.

mmụta

Nne nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu dere nwụrụ n'oge, ọ gwụsịa Ịhazi ọmụmụ Balakirev music. Mgbe e mechara, nna ya lụrụ di na nwunye ọzọ, ya ụgwọ dị ntakịrị na nnukwu ezinụlọ, ugwo nke ọmụmụ anyị na-enweghị ike ịga. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 12, nwa okoro e zitere Nizhny Novgorod ama Institute, ebe ọ natara abụọ muta na-efu nke obodo ama. Afọ anọ gasịrị, ọ natara a ọrụ afọ ofufo University of Kazan na Mathematics Department, ma ọ bụ ike prouchitsya nanị ihe karịrị otu afọ, ego maka ịgụkwu akwụkwọ o nwere, ọ bụ irite dị ndụ ha site n'inye music uru. N'oge ọmụmụ ya, Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich dere mbụ musical ọrụ: songs, piano iberibe.

akpọ

Ịhụ ndị doro anya talent nke nwa okorobịa, Ulybyshev na 1855 na-ewe ya na St. Petersburg, ebe o zutere na Russian dere Mikhail Glinka.

Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich, na music maka nke ghọọ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ndụ, gosiri ọrụ ha Maitre na natara nnọọ elu otuto na nkwanye raara ndụ ya nye ide music. Otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị, ịchọ ede ọnọde ka ọha na eze mbụ ya iberibe music, nakwa dị ka ya mpụta mbụ dị ka a pianist na-eduzi na arụmọrụ nke ya Concert Allegro maka Piano na eti egwú. Nke a arụmọrụ e nnọọ mma natara site na-akatọ na ọha na eze, Balakirev a kpọrọ maka arụmọrụ na ọgaranya obibi, ọ nyere aka dozie nnukwu nsogbu ego nke onye dere, ma na-ewe a otutu oge. Abù ozugbo kwuru banyere onwe ya dị ka Onye Okike nke Russian mba ebumnobi aghọwo ya edenyere.

The ụzọ ka ọrụ

Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, onye ọrụ a na inweta na ewu ewu na, mgbe na-eduga na-arụsi ọrụ egwu oge, na-agbagharị ego okirikiri. Ma ọ na-ewe ya ka ukwuu n'oge na mgbalị, na ọ hụrụ ya nzube ide music na-agbasa elu echiche. Ọ na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke adọ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị njọ na-emetụta ya ego ọnọdụ, na kpebiri itinye onwe ya music na ihe ọmụma.

Balakirev na "Dike ole"

Ke mbubreyo 50-ies nke XIX na narị afọ Balakirev abịakwute na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke egwú: A. S. Dargomyzhskim, V. V. Stasovym, A. N. Serovym. N'ihi ya na-kpụrụ a gburugburu, nke ga-aghọ maara dị ka "Dike njuaka". Ọtụtụ ndị na-akwado na-ekwu banyere akara aka nke mba music, na-ekwurịta ihe na-arụ ọrụ. N'ime oge ahụ, otu sonyeere kasị dị ịrịba ama-arọ nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Borodin, Mussorgsky, Cui TS. Balakirev hụrụ na onye ọ bụla nke a na-eto mmadụ ìhè nke Chineke na music nyeere ha aka ịzụlite a onyinye, na-etolite ha musical style. Otu ọkọkpọhi ike otu nke authors, ọ bụla nke na-arụ ọrụ na ya, kama na ha ịgụnye inyere onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-emepụta otu mba style.

The Group na-arụsi ọrụ na-ekwurịta okwu na ndị nnọchiteanya nke okike intelligentsia nke oge ya na-akatọ Turgenev, A. Grigorovich, Pisemsky A., I. Repin. Nso na mgbagwoju mmekọrịta ike na-arọ P. I. Chaykovskim, nke "Dike ole" nwere mmetụta siri ike. Egwú nọ na-nkwalite agbụrụ echiche art, nke bụ avant-garde ebe maka Russian omenala.

Site 70 nke afọ mmachi tisara, ma ya echiche wee dịrị ndụ na ịzụlite. "Dike njuaka" ekpe a ịrịba akara na Russian music, ya mmetụta na ghọtara A. Liadov, Arensky, S. Lyapunov, Ippolitov-Ivanov, ọbụna French musical omenala e nwere a maara nke ọma bụ "isii" site Erik Satie na Zhana Kokto, ugboro ụzọ nke "Dike njuaka".

Educational ọrụ

Miliy Alekseevich Balakirev, onye biography na-ruo mgbe ebighị ebi jikọtara music, mere oké onyinye e guzobere mba akwụkwọ. Na 1862, ya na G. Lomakin, eduzi nke ukwe Balakirev ike a free music akwụkwọ, nke ghọrọ ebe bụ isi nke akwụkwọ, nkwalite nke mba na nkà na akpa ebe nke uka musical akụziri.

The eze ukwu na-akwado ụzọ nke egwú, otú ndị na-ahazi nwere ohere ịzụlite a oké ifufe nke ọrụ. Ha haziri concerts nke ụmụ akwụkwọ, were ka ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ndị niile nwere ike, ma, ọ gaghị akwụ ụgwọ ndị ụgwọ. The akwụkwọ kụziiri ntị ọzụzụ, ngwá egwú na olu. Balakirev bụ onye nduzi nke alụmdi na-eduzi nke egwu. Na nkera nke abụọ nke 80-ies nke XIX narị afọ, akwụkwọ ahụ bụ nnukwu ụkọ ego, nke mere ka a dị ịrịba ama Mbelata ya ọrụ. Balakirev mgbe na-aga site a oké nsogbu, ọbụna o doo post of director maka oge.

Ma na 1881, ọ lọghachiri na post of Director nke mmasị nwatakịrị na ụlọ akwụkwọ na-anọgide ntụkwasị obi ruo ọgwụgwụ. Na 1883, Balakirev n'okpuru patronage nke NÃo Filippova bụ Managing Court banye n'Ụlọ Ekpere, ebe ya nzukọ na bara uru pedagogical talent. Ọ mma ozizi na usoro ke banye n'Ụlọ Ekpere, enhances na nkà mmụta sayensị akụrụngwa na adọ aka ná ntị, na-agwa na-akụziri Rimsky-Korsakov, na-ahazi na-eti egwú na klas, ukwuu mma nke ndụ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ, ọ na-ewuli a ọhụrụ ụlọ nke uka. Na 1894 ọ hapụrụ uka nke-edu ndú na alakpu na a siri ike ego nnochianya, ebe ọ bụ na oge o nwere ike itinye onwe ya n'akwụkwọ.

Musical ọrụ

Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich ná ndụ ya niile na-music, ya ọrụ malitere na odide nke mbụ na-amu amu songs na piano iberibe. Ihe dere malite kpamkpam-enwe mmetụta Mikhail Glinka, onye rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa ná ndụ nke a na-akụ egwú. Na 1866, Glinka, Balakirev kpọrọ edu mmepụta nke opera "Ruslan na Lyudmila" na "Life maka Tsar" na a Prague nkiri. Abù gosiri oké ọrụ ma gosi ya na-eduzi ya na-talent na-arụ ọrụ a, nke bụ oké ihe ịga nke ọma ma mee ka ike nke Balakirev ọkwá na music ụwa.

Na 1860, onye dere gara tinyere Volga, nke na-anakọta songs nke boatmen, onye mesịrị ada udi na music collection, ka anyị mee ka a oké mkpọtụ na anyị omenala. Na 1862, 1863 na 1868 m karị, ọ na-aga na Caucasus, si amụta nke na-emetụta ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke akụ egwú. N'oge na-adịghị, onye dere kpọrọ kụziere concerts nke Imperial Russian Musical Society, ma na 1869 ọ na-amanye na-ahapụ post.

Amalite a oge siri ike ná ndụ nke Balakirev, andiwet doro nsogbu ma defamation, ọ na-eme ya psychological trauma, na ruo ọtụtụ afọ, o ukwuu belata ya kere ihe. Na 1881, ọ lọghachiri music, ma na-ahụ banyere na ntụziaka nke uka, na-ede a bit, ma n'oge a na e nwere ọtụtụ ike, tozuru okè ọrụ, dị ka symphonic uri "Tamara".

Ná ngwụsị nke 90s abịa ikpeazụ ihe na nnọọ arụpụta oge nke onye dere ndụ. Ọ na-ede a otutu music maka piano, na-arụ a symphonic uri "rus" na "Na Czech Republic."

okike nketa

Dere Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, afọ nke ndụ e nyere ndị search maka oru, agụmakwụkwọ na-ezi ihe, na-ahapụ a obere, ma ịrịba ketara. N'etiti ndị ya isi ọrụ na-agụnye music maka "King Lear", ndị piano fantasy "Islam" njọ agwọ ọrịa nke ndị ọzọ-arọ, banyere 2 iri na abuo romances na songs, abụọ symphonies.

Personal ndụ

Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich bụ omiiko, nutty ụdị enịm ke ike ndụ ọnọdụ. All ndụ ya ọ bụ obere ego, ọ na-anọgidewokwa na-anyụ site na ndị iro kwutọọ ya, haziri a nkuzi megide dere na pịa. Onye kasị ukwuu omimi nke ego nsogbu kụrụ na 1872, bụ mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ concerts bụghị naanị kwụsịrị ịbụ uru, ma ọ bụghị ike na-agafe. Tụkwasị na nke a na-anwụ anwụ dere nna, na ya n'ubu ya dabeere elekọta ọdịmma nke tọrọ. Abù na obi nkoropụ, ọ ga-abịa a n'ahụ, ọbụna na-eche banyere igbu onwe ya.

Na 1874, Balakirev doo ụlọ akwụkwọ na-aga ahịa management Warsaw ụgbọ okporo ígwè dị ka ihe underling, ọ ọzọ na-amalite na-enye music uru. Ma ike ma oge na-akpọtụrụ enyi ọ nwere, na ọ departs si a gburugburu nke dị ka otu obi, na anaghị ide music. Ọ bụ ihe kasị oge siri ike ná ndụ ya. Balakirev hụrụ a ụzọ okpukpe, ọ malitere nnọọ Chineke na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ malite ido nkịtị. Na 1881, mgbe ọ laghachiri na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, ya n'ọnọdụ uche na-arịwanye elu. Vicissitudes nke ndụ, ahuhu maka music e kweghị ka Balakirev ike ha ezinụlọ, na o biri ndụ a okokporo, omiiko creativity.

Onye dere biri ogologo full ndụ, ọ nwụrụ na May 29, 1910 na-eli na Tikhvin Ili Ozu.

Nti eziokwu nke biography

Ndụ bụ jupụtara ihe ndị mmadụ na-emekarị lee njem, dị iche iche ihe, ọ bụghị isịneke, na Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich. Nti eziokwu mejupụtara a nnukwu ndepụta, e nwekwara mwute. Ya mere, na ndị niile kpọkwara ndị dere ọ bụghị nanị na Russian omenala, kamakwa dum European music ọ bụla obodo ke ererimbot, ọ na-etinye na ncheta. Ma otu n'ime ndị kacha mma music ụlọ akwụkwọ na Europe, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ụwa, dị na Moscow, nganga bu aha ya.

Balakirev a nwa na-arịa ọrịa, ọ na-na-na-akpagbu na-emenyekarị egbu mgbu isi ọwụwa na ụgbọala ya na obi nkoropụ. On otu n'ime ndị protracted ọdụdọ, ọ chọrọ ọbụna nye na-aga na a obibi ndị mọnk, ma dabara nke ọma, na ọrịa na-atalata, na onye dere bụ na ego ndụ.

Agụmakwụkwọ ha, n'ezie, ụgwọ Balakirev ya onwe ya, ọ rụsiri ọrụ ike na ya na Usoro na mma. Otú ọ dị, mgbe a jụrụ ya tozuru okè afọ, a họpụtara prọfesọ nke Moscow egwú ahụ, onye dere jụrụ n'ihi na ọ bụghị ndị nwere ihe agụmakwụkwọ-akụziri.