Basic Formula molekụla Physics

Molekụla Physics - ọtụtụ alaka nke physics na-amụrụ Ọdịdị nke okwu na molekụla larịị, na-agbanwe macroscopic afọ nke usoro n'okpuru nduzi nke mpụga gburugburu ebe obibi, na-adọ ikwu n'ụzọ. Njirimara nke Polymers na plasma nwekwara explores molekụla physics. Formulas na nkọwa nke nkebi nke a, nke ga-bara uru n'idozi nsogbu e kwuru n'isiokwu a.

Basic echiche ngalaba

Molekul - kasị nta unit nke a umi na nwere niile nke ya Njirimara.

Otu ezigbo gas - gas n'ihi na nke ike nke intermolecular mmekọrịta bụ efu, molekul a na-ewere dị ka a na ihe onwunwe mgbe, na-efega therebetween nnọọ na-agbanwe. Ọtụtụ formulas nke molekụla physics tinye ya na mmekọrita ezigbo gas.

Energy - a buru ibu nke e ji mara na ike nke a usoro ịrụ ọrụ.

Employment - ego nke ike zigara usoro site a mgbanwe nke ya kwa.

Ndị ọzọ echiche na nkebi nke a: okpomọkụ, esịtidem ike, nwere ike, mgbasa, kwes conductivity, ego nke umi, kpọmkwem okpomọkụ, evaporation, odide, crystallization, jupụta uzuoku.

isi usoro

Formula molekụla Physics iru nkwurịta okwu n'etiti ndị dị iche iche na usoro kwa. Isi formulas nke nkebi nke a na-ezo Clapeyron akụkụ, nke na-akọwa na steeti ezigbo gas iwu nke Boyle, Charles na Gay-Lussac.

Clapeyron akụkụ e dere dị ka ndị a:

pV = nRT

Ebe p - mgbali, n - ego nke umi ke ntụpọ ojii n'ahụ, R - eluigwe na ala gas mgbe nile, T - okpomọkụ na Kelvin, V - olu nwere site na gas.

Site na nke a usoro molekụla Physics via mfe mgbanwe na-nwetara na iwu ndị ọzọ ala:

pV = const (Nwa nke Boyle iwu, nke na-etinyere na isothermal usoro);

V / T = const (mbụ iwu Gay-Lussac, nke na-emetụta ndị isobaric usoro);

p / T = const (Charles iwu, etinyere isochoric usoro).

Ndị ọzọ dị mkpa formulas nke molekụla physics:

n = m / M = N / Na (nke usoro maka ịchọta ego nke umi).

p = nkT.

Na nke a usoro, n - ịta, k - mgbe nile Boltzmann mgbe nile.

E = (3NkT) / 2 (nke usoro maka ịchọta thermal ike).

p = p ₁ + p ₂ + ... + p _m (usoro maka ịchọpụta na mgbali nke ngwakọta nke ikuku ndi, mara dị ka iwu nke Dalton).

The formulas nke thermodynamics na mgbakọ na mwepụ physics

Statistical physics bụ nwekwara ngalaba nke molekụla physics. Ụfọdụ formulas molekụla physics eji na mgbakọ na mwepụ physics na thermodynamics e nyere n'elu.

Q = chiefs (t ₂ -t ₁₎

Q = A + (U2-U ₁₎ (U _i - esịtidem ike)

dh = TdS + Vdp

Ebe a H - enthalpy.

G - Gibbs ike, ma ọ bụ thermodynamic nwere.

V = dG / DP

S = -dG / Dt (S - entropy uru banyere Clausius, puru ezu).