Bertolt Brecht: biography, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndụ, creativity na mma akwụkwọ

Bertolt Brecht (1898-1956 gg.) - otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu German egwuregwu ọnụ ọgụgụ, nkà playwrights nke oge ya, ma ya play na ka na-ewu ewu ma na-etinye na ọtụtụ ụlọ ihe nkiri nke ụwa. Nke a prose dere na-ede uri, nakwa dị ka Onye Okike nke ihe nkiri "Berliner ensemble". Bertolda Brehta creativity dugara ya ike ọhụrụ na-emekarị nke "na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ụlọ ihe nkiri." A mụrụ ya na German obodo nke Augsburg. Si-eto, o nwere mmasị na-eme ihe ngosi, ma ezinụlọ ya siri ọnwụ na ọ bụ dọkịta, mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ banyere University. Lyudviga Maksimiliana na Munich.

Bertolt Brecht: biography na ọrụ

Otú ọ dị, isi mgbanwe mere mgbe a nzukọ na ama German dere Leon Fayhvangerom. Ọ chọpụtara ozugbo na a nwata nwoke dị ịrịba ama talent na-atụ aro ya ime nso akwụkwọ. Site na nke a oge Brecht okokụre ya play "rụọ nke abalị", nke na-etinye otu nke Munich si ekiri fim.

Site 1924, mgbe anyị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum ka o merie Berlin-eto eto Bertolt Brecht. Ya biography na-egosi na ọ na-echere ọzọ dị ịtụnanya nzukọ na ama director Erwin Piscator. A afọ mgbe e mesịrị, a tandem emepụta a "proletarian nkiri".

Brief biography nke Bertolda Brehta na-egosi na-ede egwuregwu onwe ya ọ bụghị ọgaranya, na ya onwe ya ego ga-ezuru gị akwụkwọ na ịzụta iberibe si ama playwrights. Ọ bụ ya mere Brecht kpebiri idegara ha onwe ha.

Ma ọ malitere tinkering na ama ejije, na mgbe ahụ wee staging ewu ewu edemede ọrụ maka ndị na-abụghị ọkachamara-eme ihe nkiri.

egwuregwu ọrụ

Creative ụzọ Bertolda Brehta malitere na play "The Threepenny Opera" by John Gay, n'akwụkwọ ya "The arịrịọ si Opera," nke ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị mbụ dị otú ahụ nwere mpụta mbụ, setịpụrụ na 1928.

The ibé agwa akụkọ ndụ nke ọtụtụ ndị ogbenye vagrants, onye na-akwụsị ihe ọ bụla, na-ahụ na e na-achọ a oru. Performance fọrọ nke nta ozugbo ghọrọ-ewu ewu dị ka ndị arịrịọ, vagrants n'ihu abụghị protagonists na ogbo.

Mgbe ahụ Brecht, ya na ibe ya Piscator ọ na-adọba na-eme ihe nkiri "Volksbühne" nke abụọ akwụkwọ site na nkwonkwo play Gorky "Mama".

mgbanwe spirit

Na Germany, mgbe ndị Germany nọ na-achọ ụzọ ọhụrụ nke mmepe na-ewu ụlọ nke ala, na e nwere ụfọdụ distemper. Na a revolutionary mmụọ nke Bertolt ukwuu edebe ya na mmụọ nke ọha mmetụta.

Nke a sochiri a ọhụrụ play site Brecht si ogbo mmegharị nke nchụàjà site J. Hasek akụkọ banyere ahụmahụ nke Good Soldier Schweik. Ọ dọtara uche nke na-ege ntị nke na-n'ụzọ nkịtị kwabara na kemmeochi kwa ụbọchị ọnọdụ, na ọtụtụ ihe - yi mgbochi agha isiokwu.

Ma, ebe a na-ede akwụkwọ si dissatisfaction dara Nazi, bụ onye bịara ike n'oge a. Ya mere, site 1933, German ọrụ n'ebe ndị iwu. Ozugbo ọ na-amanye ịhapụ mba na Bertolt Brecht.

Biography na-egosi na n'oge na ọ lụrụ a ma ama omee Elene Vaygel, na nke ahụ bụ na ya, ọ kwagara Finland.

Jobs na Finland

N'ebe ahụ, ọ na-amalite na-arụ ọrụ na play "Nne obi ike na ụmụ ya." The ibé, ọ peeped na German ndiife akwụkwọ, nke na-akọwa ahụmahụ nke a torgashki n'oge Agha Iri Afọ Atọ.

State of Nazi Germany, ọ na-apụghị na-ekpe nanị ya, otú ahụ ka m nyere ya a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na agba na play "Egwu na Nhụjuanya nke Alaeze Ukwu nke Atọ" ma gosi na ya ezi ihe mere na-abịa Nazi Party nke Hitler.

agha

N'oge Ụwa nke Abụọ Finland ghọrọ onye mmekorita nke Germany, Brecht, na ya, ha ka iga njem ọzọ, ma, oge a na America. Ọ na-ewepụta n'ebe ọhụrụ ya play "Life of Galileo" (1941), "The Good Onye Szechwan", "Mr. Puntilla na ya Matti ozi."

Dị ka ihe ndabere e na-ewu ewu ndiife akụkọ na Satire. O yiri ka mfe ma doo anya, ma Brecht, na-emeso ha na nkà ihe ọmụma generalizations, tụgharịa ha n'ilu. Ya mere, ndị na-ede chọrọ ọhụrụ n'aka okwu nke echiche ha, echiche na kweere.

Taganka Ụlọ ihe nkiri

Ya egwuregwu arụmọrụ nọ nso na kọntaktị na-ege ntị. Na-abụ abụ na-song, mgbe ụfọdụ, na-ege ntị a kpọrọ ogbo, me ha aka kpọmkwem na play. Ihe ndị a na-eme ndị mmadụ na-eti ido. Na ọ bụ dị nnọọ maara Bertolt Brecht. Ya biography nwere ọzọ akpali nnọọ mmasị ihe: ọ na-enyo, na Moscow Taganka Ụlọ ihe nkiri nakwa malitere ịkụ Brecht. Director Lyubimov mere a play "The Good Onye Szechwan" ihe e ji mara nke nkiri Otú ọ dị, ọbụna na a ole na ole ndị ọzọ egwú.

Mgbe agha ahụ biri, ọ laghachiri ozugbo Europe na Bertolt Brecht. Biography nwere ọmụma na ọ gara biri na Austria. Na-erite uru arụmọrụ na guzo ovations ndị nọ n'ebe niile ya ejije, nke o dere azụ na America, "The Kọkeshịan nzu gburugburu", "Bilie nke Arturo UI". The mbụ play o gosiri na ya àgwà ndị film Charles Chaplin si "The Great akaike" ma gbalịa rụchaa si, ihe emeghị rụchaa Chaplin.

Ụlọ ihe nkiri "Berliner ensemble"

Na 1949, nke Berthold kpọrọ ya ịrụ ọrụ na GDR nkiri "Berliner ensemble", ebe ọ ghọrọ nka director na director. O dere, sị ogbo adaptations nke kasị ukwuu ọrụ nke ụwa akwụkwọ: "Vassa Zheleznov" na "Nne" Ihe Ilu "Beaver aji kootu" na "The Red ọkpa" G. Hauptmann.

Na ya arụmọrụ ọ gara gara ọkara gburugburu ụwa na, n'ezie, gara USSR, ebe na 1954 ọ nọ na ọdịda nke Lenin Peace Nrite.

Bertolt Brecht: biography, ndepụta nke akwụkwọ

Ke ufọt ufọt 1955 Brecht, na afọ nke afọ 57 wee malite inwe oké ọrịa, o agadi, na-eje ije, nādabere na a okpete. O mere ka a uche na nke o kwuru na akpati ozu ya ahu na-etinye na na ngosipụta na-ekwughị ijeoma okwu.

Kpọmkwem otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị na mmiri, na-arụ ọrụ na-eme ihe nkiri na mmepụta nke "Life Gadileya" Brekhov na ụkwụ na-ata ahụhụ a obere obi agha, soro ya, site na njedebe nke oge okpomọkụ, ọrịa ya njọ, o we nwua nke a oke obi agha August 10, 1956.

Ebe a na nke a na ọ bụ ike rụchaa isiokwu nke "Breht Bertold: biography akụkọ ndụ." Ọ na-anọgide na-ịgbakwunye na na ndụ m nile, a dị ịtụnanya nwoke dere ọtụtụ edemede ọrụ. Best mara ya ejije, na mgbakwunye na nke dị n'elu, ọ bụ "Baal" (1918), "A nwoke bụ nwoke" (1920), "The Life of Galileo" (1939), "The Kọkeshịan nzu" na ọtụtụ, ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.