Chernobyl tupu mberede na mgbe mberede. Land nkewapụ

Pripyat - a obere obodo nke ike injinia na Kiev region, na-esote nke bụ kasị nuclear ike osisi, nke natara aha ya si dị na-adịghị anya ya eponymous district center. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-echeta Chernobyl tupu mberede. Na mgbe ihe mberede, aha e kwuwo na naanị otu onye n'ime ndị kasị njọ mmadụ mere ọdachi nke oge ya. The okwu yiri ka ibu akara nke ụmụ mmadụ na ọdachi na-na-na-omimi. Ọ frightens na-adọta. N'ihi na ọtụtụ afọ na Chernobyl ga-anọgide na a isi na-elekwasị anya nke ụwa.

A obere akụkọ ihe mere eme

The obere obodo nke Chernobyl a mara ebe 1193. Kwuo nke ọ na-achọta ndị mere n'ụbọchị ndị ndepụta obodo Russian XIV narị afọ. Malite n'etiti nke ọzọ na narị afọ, ọ bụ na-ama n'okpuru akara nke Grand Duchy nke Lithuania. Ọ bụghị nnọọ site ya na ọ e wuru keerughi ebe e wusiri ike, gbara ya gburugburu a miri emi ekpe mmiri juru, nke nwere ike ka na-ahụ taa. Na XVI na narị afọ, obodo a ghọrọ a district center, nke nyere onwe ya chere na Europe na-alụ agha mgbe mgbanwe nke 1789 na France n'ihi na "Rosalia si Chernobyl", n'ihi ya a na-akpọ Rozaliyu Hodkevich (ndọ Lubomirski). Ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe kasị ike sonyere nke ndị anya ihe ndị mere eme, na-akọrọ ndị mwute eke nke na-akwado nke ezinụlọ eze nke Bourbons na Marie Antoinette.

Na 1793 na obodo ghọrọ akụkụ nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu. Ọ na-e biri Ukrainians, okporo osisi ndị Juu. Ezi ogologo oge nke Chernobyl bụ center nke Hasidism, a okpukpe ije na Judaism.

Otú obere mara obodo ahụ dum bụ Chernobyl tupu mberede. Na mgbe ihe mberede ka ya na mberede mmasị ntị na gburugburu ụwa, na ya aha na-esiwanye eji na a na ezinụlọ Ajọ Onye pụtara, n'ozuzu jikọtara okwu "ọdachi" na "ọdachi".

tupu mberede

Na afọ 70 ahụ nke narị afọ gara aga, gburugburu ụwa, e nwere ụdị ọganihu mmepe nke nuclear ike. N'afọ ndị ahụ, na ọtụtụ mba, ọtụtụ nuklia ike osisi na-tọrọ, otu onye nke e wuru nso confluence nke Dnieper River Pripyat. Nyere nke mbụ unit na Chernobyl nuclear ike osisi ada itie ke 1975. Site opupu ihe ubi nke 1986 na osisi ejikwara anọ ike nkeji.

Na ozugbo visiniti nke nuclear ike osisi ndị bụ obere obodo na mgbanwe ọrụ na ọrụ maka - Chernobyl na Pripyat. Nke ikpeazụ e mere na ndabere nke NPP satellite obodo. Iji nye ọrụ ndị òtù ezinụlọ nke Power, ọ na-ewu nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ na-nyere. Infrastructure nke obodo nwekwara e nyere a otutu anya, dị ka ná nkezi, afọ nke ndị bi na polis'ky atomograda bụ afọ 26.

Pripyat na ụbọchị ndị ahụ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị prestigious Ukraine obodo. Ya ga-adaba adaba njem, nnukwu obosara n'okporo ámá, nkesa residential ebe na ntụrụndụ ogige ntụrụndụ nwere dọtara ndị si gburugburu obodo na obodo nta, tinyere Chernobyl.

Ruo ugbu a, ọtụtụ ndị na-adịghị nnọọ ịghọta n'ụzọ doro anya na a obi umeala mpaghara etiti nke Chernobyl na afọ tupu mberede, nwere obere na-eme na nuklia ike. Original isi obodo ike injinia e dị booming-eto eto n'obodo Pripyat, emi odude atọ kilomita site Chernobyl nuclear ike osisi. The Chernobyl mberede e jikọtara ya na ya, ma natara aha ya site aha nke eponymous district center, emi odude n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ebe na a anya nke 18 kilomita. Pripyat na tọrọ ntọala na 1970 na ekele na-ewu nke Chernobyl nuclear ike osisi. Chernobyl onwe ya bụ n'otu obere obodo na a bi na nke ọ bụla ihe karịrị 13 puku ndị mmadụ. Ugbu a ofụri mwepu na mpaghara bụ n'ụlọ ka banyere 5000 ndị mmadụ, nke ebe na 4000 ọ na-ebi na district center nke Chernobyl.

mberede

Mmadụ mere ọdachi, nke mere 26 on April 1986 afọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo kewara abụọ oge: tupu Chernobyl mberede na mgbe mberede.

Na ike unit № 4 n'oge nke ule oru ngo nke onye nke tobaim generators gbawara ebibie chernobyl. E n'elu 30 ọkụ, mkpochapu nke ibido wee naanị na helicopters ruru ka oké okpomọkụ na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ke akpa post-mberede jisiri kwụsị elekere agbata obi atọ ike, gbanyụọ ngwá ọrụ nke-anọ ike unit, chọpụta ọnọdụ nke mberede chernobyl.

N'ihi nke ọdachi ya a tọhapụrụ n'ime gburugburu ebe obibi banyere 400 nde curies nke redioaktivu bekee. Ọ bụ a ọhụrụ ụdị ọdachi, we rida na akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka okwu ka enwetara a Ajọ Onye pụtara, - "Chernobyl". 1986 mberede na Soviet Union ike kacha ike nuclear ike osisi tinye ndi mmadu na ihu nke intangible, adịghị ahụ anya iro - redioaktivu ofufe.

mberede akpatara

The Chernobyl mberede bụ otu n'ime nnukwu ọdachi ndị mere nke nuclear ike. Ọtụtụ ndị e gburu na merụrụ ahụ n'oge mbụ ọnwa atọ. The afọ na-esonụ ọdachi nwekwara mmetụta na-adịte esi nke radieshon. Si na-ere ọkụ chernobyl ígwé ojii fụọ a bukwanu ego nke redioaktivu ihe na-gbara ya gburugburu ebe na Soviet Union na ukwuu nke Europe.

Social na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị mkpa nke Chernobyl ọdachi maka Soviet Union ike ma na-emetụta na N'ezie nke nchoputa nke ya na-akpata. Interpretation of eziokwu na ọnọdụ nke ihe mberede na-gbanwetụrụ ọtụtụ ugboro. A otutu mmadu kwenyere na-adịghị ahụ ruru ruo ugbu a.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị na-akpata ihe mberede na-akpọ njehie ke imewe nke osisi, a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke bughi adịghị ike nke RBMK-1000 chernobyl, unprofessional omume nke ndị ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-enwe, n'ihi na nke a mere na chernobyl nke biri na a thermal gbawara na-achịkwaghị achịkwa ihe mkpalite.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị mere ndị na enweghị ọzụzụ center maka irè mmụta, ọdịda nke akụrụngwa, ekpe na-enweghị nnyocha, na oge site na 1980 ruo 1986. Otu n'ime ihe ndị dị iche iche hypotheses e ndiduọ lekwasịrị anya na ala ọma jijiji ji atụ ruo 4 isi.

Na akụkụ nke-isi, na nkà mmụta ọgwụ bụ nnọọ nnukwu ụgha, ndị ọrụ maka ihe mberede a gbanwere naanị site rụọ ha mejọrọ na ọrịa na-emetụta jụrụ-ahụ ndị na-akpata nke radieshon. Mgbe niile a nwara iwelata ịdị ukwuu nke ọdachi.

Land nkewapụ

Mpaghara na Chernobyl bụ nkewapụ ala. Ndị dị otú ahụ a steeti mberede bụ n'ihi a ịrịba redioaktivu ofufe nke ebe ndị na-na nso a nuklia ike osisi. Nke a na ebe e kewara atọ zones, n'okpuru nke: nuklia ike ebe ya onwe ya ozugbo, na-akpọ pụrụ iche mpaghara, a iri na a iri atọ kilometa ebe.

On ha ala a rụrụ nditịm ekwu ugbo ala, decontamination ihe na-gbapụ.

Na Chernobyl, na-arụ ọrụ mmanye iwu ụlọ ọrụ aku nchedo nke ókèala nke zones na nlekota nke iwu na-akwadoghị abanye n'ókèala ha site-enwetaghị ikike mmadu. Ebe a na-dabere isi ụlọ ọrụ, utilities na akụkụ ndị ọzọ, irube ọrụ ịnọgide na-enwe ná mma n'ala na environmentally mma ọnọdụ.

abụọ ndụ

A nta mara obodo unremarkable awọ dvuhetazhki green na ọcha n'okporo ámá - nke di n'iru Chernobyl mberede mgbe ihe mberede ọ bịara mara n'ụwa nile na otu ntabi, obodo, ruo mgbe ebighị ebi oyi kpọnwụrụ na Soviet Union ugboro.

Ọ na-adọta Fans si gburugburu ụwa Postapokaliptika. Chernobyl na Pripyat, ozugbo obi emee n'ime a na-egbuke egbuke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu, ugbu a na mwepu na mpaghara na-gụnyere ke nleta omume n'okpuru ukara njem mmụta. Karịsịa ewu ewu n'ala a meriri na 2007 mgbe ntọhapụ nke a egwuregwu kọmputa «STALKER: agbọpụta nke Chernobyl."

Dị ka Forbes magazine ke 2009 Chernobyl mpaghara esịne ke ndepụta 12 njem nleta ebe, ghọtara ihe kasị osisi.

N'ebe ụfọdụ larịị nke radieshon na ebe karịa ndị allowable kacha nta nke 30 ugboro, ma nke a anaghị akwụsị ndị chọrọ na-agba àmà kasị grandiose ncheta nke mmadụ mere ọdachi. Na Chernobyl, 40 000 njem nleta gara n'ihi na nke ikpeazụ afọ iri. Kwa afọ a ọnụ ọgụgụ stalkers na-egbu oge iwu na-akwadoghị na-abami n'ime ebe obodo "Apocalypse", a ebe ndị mmadụ ga-enwe ike ibi ndụ. Otú ọ dị, eruba n'ime ndị njem nleta na-emepụta a ọkọnọ na ina na ọ bụrụ na obodo na-enye ohere ka ị chọta a abụọ ndụ.