Dacron: ihe ọ bụ, ndị bụ isi na Njirimara na ngwa

Dị ka akụkụ nke anụ ahụ gosiri na kpọọ nke ọtụtụ ụdị uwe, ị pụrụ mgbe mgbe na-ahụ okwu dacron. Gịnị ka ọ bụ? Na mgbakwunye na ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu sịntetik ihe, ọtụtụ ndị na-amaghị banyere ya a otutu.

Gịnị bụ polyester?

Ọkà mmụta sayensị na-akpọ polyethylene. Nke a bụ ngwaahịa nwetara site polycondensation nke terephthalic acid (DMT) na ethylene glycol. Ọ bụ a siri ike nke bụ colorless na amorphous steti na crystalline nwere a na-acha ọcha na agba. Dị ka a N'ihi nke a chemical usoro na ụfọdụ okpomọkụ na-guzobere nke polyester emep uta eri na-enwe elu ike na anwụ ngwa ngwa.

History of aha

Nwetara aha ya ekele na polyester ihe Laboratory nke Macromolecular ogige Academy nke Sciences, ebe ọ mbụ pụtara. The mkpụrụedemede nke aha nke laabu na e nyere aha nke a ọhụrụ umi. Ná mba ndị ọzọ, PITA nwere dị iche iche na aha - Dacron na America tergal na France, Trevira na Germany.

Na usoro nke a ka mma ihe ka ukwuu nke n'aka bụ nke E. M. Ayzenshteynu, n'okpuru onye na-edu ndú bụ na oge natara a technical polyester eri, nke nwere pụrụ iche Njirimara.

Production nke Dacron

Na otu factory noo chemical mmeghachi omume na-adị, n'ihi na isi ihe nke DMT na ethylene glycol na-converted n'ime a viscous uka smolistoobraznuyu. Na spinning na nkume igwe nri iji pụrụ iche ngwá eriri kpụrụ na ya. Resin aga mkpa iyi site obere oghere. On ha size na ọkpụrụkpụ na-adabere na-eme n'ọdịnihu na eri. eriri spinning ọsọ bụ site 500 na 1200 mita kwa nkeji. Thin webs na-glued ngwa ngwa iji na-eri na-emerụ na na a bobbin.

Ndị a akwara nwere bụghị polyester. Gịnị ka ọ bụ? Mgbe n'ihi ihe onwunwe pụrụ a kpọọ amorphous polima, nke bụ ka adabara n'ichepụta ngwaahịa. Na ụfọdụ okpomọkụ ya na-doro ndinyanade mbịne, mgbe ahụ ikpo-setịpụrụ na-ekpo ọkụ ikuku, na na mgbe ahụ zigara ịkpa ákwà ụlọ mmepụta ihe na ndị ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ.

Yarn, nke na-eme n'ọdịnihu ga-ajị, unwound si spools, achịkọta n'ime n'ùkwù n'ùkwù. Mgbe ahụ agbatị, corrugate, na eriri-enweta a myirịta na eke ntutu isi. The uzo na-ebipụ n'ime iberibe, ịdị ukwuu nke nke na-adabere na otú a eke eriri , ha ga-anọgide na-agwakọta.

Properties lavsanovyh esiwọrọ

Nke a ihe onwunwe nwere ọtụtụ uru tụnyere polyamide emep uta eri. Ọ bụ jiri kpọrọ ihe n'ihi na iguzogide mmiri, ìhè, okpomọkụ na ezi ekwedo, magburu onwe ya Idebe folds na pleats na asacha.

Ngwaahịa mere nke a na ihe onwunwe yiri owu. Ma, n'adịghị ka ha, nnọọ ike, ọ bụghị mebiri site moths ma ọ bụ ịma ebu, na-abụghị flammable na ndị ọzọ na-eguzogide ọgwụ na abrasion. Polyester - a eriri nke a na-nkwarụ na na okpomọkụ n'elu 260 ⁰S. Ọ-eto nke ọma na acidic na weakly alkaline ọkara.

High crystallinity na obere pore nha-adịghị ekwe ka àgwà agba ihe n'okpuru nkịtị ọnọdụ. Nke a na-kacha mma mere tupu e guzobere emep uta eri ma ọ bụ na elu nsogbu na okpomọkụ nke 200 ⁰S.

Bayoloji indifferent ihe onwunwe bụ polyester. Gịnị bụ na ọ na - a maara nke ọma ọgwụ ọkachamara. Nke a ihe onwunwe anaghị emekọ ahụ mmadụ, adịru Dacron yarn na ọtụtụ-eji n'ịwa ahụ. N'adịghị ka ot ịwa ahụ isi agịga Ma do, ha na-adịghị deform mgbe ịwa ahụ na-ejigide bead anya.

The ojiji nke Dacron

Na ihe na ụlọ ọrụ na akụ na ụba mba anaghị chọta ojiji nke polyester ruru ya pụrụ iche Njirimara! Special ina ya na akwa ụlọ ọrụ maka mmepụta nke akwa akwa na eri, ákwà-nkwuba akwa, ji achọ akwa na keakamere aji. polyester ákwà e ji mee nke ọma na mmepụta nke kpara outerwear, Chiefs, suut, Uwe, na na. d.

The-egbochi ihe Njirimara nke a ihe onwunwe mee ka ọ dị oké mkpa na eletriki ụlọ ọrụ. Fire hoses, mmiri igwe hoses, mere nke Dacron, adịghị adiahade ma a nnọọ ogologo ọrụ ndụ.

All akwa ina na nkà mmụta ọgwụ polyester. Ọ na-eji dị ka dochie ọbara arịa. Na ịwa lavsanovaja eri esiwanye anọchi ot.

The kasị n'ọtụtụ ebe na polyethylene terephthalate dị na ebe nri fim, plastic containers na karama. Ke adianade do, ọ bụ ihe dị oké mkpa akụrụngwa ke imewe nke oge a na media (CD, fim, etere).

Na chemical ụlọ ọrụ, ọgwụ engineering ma nwere ike ime taa n'ejighị Dacron. Ọ na-eji na imewe nke ezinụlọ ngwa, nri ígwè, ebu eriri. Igbo terephthalate dị iche iche nwekwara (faiba glaasi, Teflon, molybdenum disulphide) budata mma ya n'ibu na ọkụ Njirimara. Ike na-akpọ taa n'ógbè mmepụta, nke ga-na e ji polyester. Gịnị ka ọ bụ na ihe Njirimara - e-atụle n'ụzọ zuru ezu na isiokwu.